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Variation in University Student Writing
A communicative text type approach
This book provides a comprehensive description of the situational and linguistic characteristics of undergraduate student writing, considering both assignment type and discipline. Drawing on a corpus of more than 900 undergraduate student assignments from four disciplinary groups (Arts and Humanities, Social Sciences, Physical Sciences, and Life Sciences), the book combines corpus-based analyses of linguistic features with analyses of communicative purposes and text characteristics. Variation in University Writing takes a new approach to register variation by grouping assignments by their communicative purpose (to argue, to explain, to compare, to describe, to narrate a personal event, to give a procedural recount, to give personal advice, and to propose), rather than register categories. A multidimensional analysis provides a detailed description of the linguistic patterns of undergraduate writing. The findings presented in this book will be of interest to teachers of writing, instructors of English for Academic Purposes (EAP), and researchers of university writing.
[Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 117] 2024. xviii, 239 pp.
Publishing status: Available
Published online on 1 August 2024
Published online on 1 August 2024
© John Benjamins
Table of Contents
- List of figures | pp. xi–xiv
- List of tables | pp. xv–xviii
- Chapter 1. Introduction | pp. 1–33
- Chapter 2. Corpus and data analysis | pp. 34–44
- Chapter 3. The challenges of classifying university writing into register categories | pp. 45–65
- Chapter 4. The communicative text types of university writing | pp. 66–91
- Chapter 5. Textual characteristics of university communicative text types | pp. 92–113
- Chapter 6. A multidimensional analysis of university communicative text types | pp. 114–151
- Chapter 7. What is an essay? Comparing the communicative text type and the register approach | pp. 152–185
- Chapter 8. Conclusion and implications | pp. 186–208
- References | pp. 209–213
- Appendixes
- Appendix A. Reliability of automatic tags given by the Biber Tagger on texts written by L1-English and L2-English students | pp. 216–218
- Appendix B. Tag-fixing script | p. 219
- Appendix C. All combinations of purposes in the corpus | p. 220
- Appendix D. Overall features selected for factor analysis | pp. 221–223
- Appendix E. Full factorial structure matric for the three-factor solution | pp. 224–225
- Appendix F. Correlation and scree plot | pp. 226–227
- Appendix G. Mean and standard deviation for each factor | p. 228
- Appendix H. Simple effects Dimensions 1–3 | pp. 229–237
- Index | p. 239
“Goulart’s work intersects with key concerns in learner corpus research, particularly regarding the integration of L1 and L2 English writing within a shared discourse community who are using shared communicative frameworks. While Variation in University Student Writing is not framed as a traditional learner corpus study, its findings have potential to contribute to ongoing LCR examinations of how linguistic background interacts with communicative purpose and disciplinary conventions in academic writing. Scholars in LCR may find this book particularly valuable for rethinking how we define “learner” language in academic contexts — an issue that has been raised in previous discussions on learner proficiency and academic writing as a distinct linguistic domain (e.g., Hyland, 2016a; 2016b). By moving beyond strict L1/L2 binaries and focusing on functional linguistic variation, Goulart’s research presents a model that LCR scholars might adopt to explore learner language in more nuanced ways. From this viewpoint, academic writing — regardless of linguistic background — can be seen as a dialect without native speakers, aligning this book with broader learner corpus studies.”
Jack A. Hardy, Oxford College of Emory University, in International Journal of Learner Corpus Research 11:2 (2025).
“Through a meticulous examination and multidimensional analysis of communicative text types, the book deepens our understanding of the underlying structures and patterns in university student writing. These insights are invaluable for improving the quality of instruction in university writing courses. Overall, [this] is a work of considerable academic merit. It warrants close study, not only for those involved in register variation and corpus linguistics but also for educational policymakers, writing instructors, and language learners. The book lays a firm foundation and offers critical insights that are sure to inspire future research in the field of university writing.”
Xinpei Hong, Fudan University, in Register Studies 6:2, 207-212 (2024).
Cited by (3)
Cited by three other publications
Goulart, Larissa & Tülay Dixon
2025. The relative influence of language backgrounds, communicative text types, and disciplines in undergraduate student
writing. International Journal of Learner Corpus Research 11:1 ► pp. 178 ff.
Hardy, Jack A.
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