Identifying and interpreting variables

Wolfram, Walt

doi:10.1075/z.68.10wol

In:American Dialect Research: Celebrating the 100th anniversary of the American Dialect Society, 1889–1989
Edited by Dennis R. Preston
[Not in series 68] 1993
► pp. 193–222

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Identifying and interpreting variables

Walt Wolfram

Published online: 7 June 1993

https://doi.org/10.1075/z.68.10wol

Cited by (46)

Cited by 46 other publications

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Kendall, Tyler, Charlotte Vaughn, Charlie Farrington, Kaylynn Gunter, Jaidan McLean, Chloe Tacata & Shelby Arnson

2021. Considering Performance in the Automated and Manual Coding of Sociolinguistic Variables: Lessons From Variable (ING). Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 4

Chappell, Whitney

2018. The importance of motivated comparisons in variationist studies . In Contemporary Trends in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics [Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics, 15], ► pp. 143 ff.

McLarty, Jason

2018. African American Language and European American English Intonation Variation Over Time in The American South. American Speech 93:1 ► pp. 32 ff.

SMITH, JENNIFER & SOPHIE HOLMES-ELLIOTT

2018. The unstoppable glottal: tracking rapid change in an iconic British variable. English Language and Linguistics 22:3 ► pp. 323 ff.

Bayley, Robert, Adam C. Schembri & Ceil Lucas

2015. Variation and change in sign languages. In Sociolinguistics and Deaf Communities, ► pp. 61 ff.

Grieve, Jack

2014. Chapter 1.1 A Multi-Dimensional analysis of regional variation in American English. In Multi-Dimensional Analysis, 25 years on [Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 60], ► pp. 3 ff.

Livia OUSHIRO

2014. TRATAMENTO DE DADOS COM O R PARA ANÁLISES SOCIOLINGUÍSTICAS. In Metodologia de Coleta e Manipulação de Dados em Sociolinguística, ► pp. 51 ff.

Tagliamonte, Sali A. & Julian Brooke

2014. A Weird (LANGUAGE) Tale: Variation and Change in the Adjectives of Strangeness. American Speech 89:1 ► pp. 4 ff.

Temple, Rosalind

2014. Where and what is (t, d)?. In Advances in Sociophonetics [Studies in Language Variation, 15], ► pp. 97 ff.

Paolillo, John C.

2013. Individual effects in variation analysis: Model, software, and research design. Language Variation and Change 25:1 ► pp. 89 ff.

Roberts, Gareth

2013. Perspectives on Language as a Source of Social Markers. Language and Linguistics Compass 7:12 ► pp. 619 ff.

Auer, Anita & Anja Voeste

2012. Grammatical Variables. In The Handbook of Historical Sociolinguistics, ► pp. 253 ff.

ELSIG, MARTIN

2012. Benchmark varieties and the individual speaker: Indispensable touchstones in studies on language contact. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 15:2 ► pp. 230 ff.

Tagliamonte, Sali A. & R. Harald Baayen

2012. Models, forests, and trees of York English:Was/werevariation as a case study for statistical practice. Language Variation and Change 24:2 ► pp. 135 ff.

Grieve, Jack, Dirk Speelman & Dirk Geeraerts

2011. A statistical method for the identification and aggregation of regional linguistic variation. Language Variation and Change 23:2 ► pp. 193 ff.

Hazen, Kirk

2011. Flying high above the social radar: Coronal stop deletion in modern Appalachia. Language Variation and Change 23:1 ► pp. 105 ff.

Hazen, Kirk

2017. Language Variation. In The Handbook of Linguistics, ► pp. 519 ff.

Hoffman, Michol F. & James A. Walker

2010. Ethnolects and the city: Ethnic orientation and linguistic variation in Toronto English. Language Variation and Change 22:1 ► pp. 37 ff.

Moore, Emma

2010. Interaction between social category and social practice: explainingwas/werevariation. Language Variation and Change 22:3 ► pp. 347 ff.

Aaron, Jessi Elana

2009. Coming back to life: From indicator to stereotype and a strange story of frequency1. Journal of Sociolinguistics 13:4 ► pp. 472 ff.

Aaron, Jessi Elana

2010. Pushing the envelope: Looking beyond the variable context. Language Variation and Change 22:1 ► pp. 1 ff.

Buchstaller, Isabelle

2009. The Quantitative Analysis of Morphosyntactic Variation: Constructing and Quantifying the Denominator. Language and Linguistics Compass 3:4 ► pp. 1010 ff.

Kendall, Tyler

2008. On the History and Future of Sociolinguistic Data. Language and Linguistics Compass 2:2 ► pp. 332 ff.

Kendall, Tyler

2013. Data in the Study of Variation and Change. In The Handbook of Language Variation and Change, ► pp. 38 ff.

Tagliamonte, Sali A.

2007. Representing Real Language: Consistency, Trade-Offs and Thinking Ahead!. In Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora, ► pp. 205 ff.

Tagliamonte, Sali A.

2009. Be like: The New Quotative in English. In The New Sociolinguistics Reader, ► pp. 75 ff.

Tagliamonte, Sali A.

2013. Analysing and interpreting variation in the sociolinguistic tradition*. In Research Methods in Language Variation and Change, ► pp. 382 ff.

Tagliamonte, Sali A.

2016. Quantitative analysis in language variation and change. In Spanish Language and Sociolinguistic Analysis [Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics, 8], ► pp. 3 ff.

Tagliamonte, Sali A.

2022. Comparing Syntactic Variables. In Explanations in Sociosyntactic Variation, ► pp. 30 ff.

Peter Auer, Frans Hinskens & Paul Kerswill

2005. Dialect Change,

Cheshire, Jenny

2005. Syntactic variation and beyond: Gender  and social class variation in the use of  discourse‐new markers1. Journal of Sociolinguistics 9:4 ► pp. 479 ff.

Feagin, Crawford

2004. Entering the Community: Fieldwork. In The Handbook of Language Variation and Change, ► pp. 20 ff.

Feagin, Crawford

2013. Entering the Community. In The Handbook of Language Variation and Change, ► pp. 17 ff.

Ceil Lucas

2001. The Sociolinguistics of Sign Languages,

Milroy, James, Lesley Milroy, Sue Hartley & David Walshaw

1994. Glottal stops and Tyneside glottalization: Competing patterns of variation and change in British English. Language Variation and Change 6:3 ► pp. 327 ff.

[no author supplied]

2002. References. In The Development of African American English, ► pp. 213 ff.

[no author supplied]

2003. References. In Sociolinguistics, ► pp. 231 ff.

[no author supplied]

2004. REFERENCES. The Publication of the American Dialect Society 89:1 ► pp. 293 ff.

[no author supplied]

2005. REFERENCES. The Publication of the American Dialect Society 90:1 ► pp. 125 ff.

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2014. Auxiliary Selection in Spanish [Studies in Language Companion Series, 155],

[no author supplied]

2020. The Analysis of Sociolinguistic Change over the Lifespan. In African American Language, ► pp. 22 ff.

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