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In:The Art and Architecture of Academic Writing
Patricia Prinz and Birna Arnbjörnsdóttir
[Not in series 231] 2021
► pp. 295–299

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Index

Published online: 10 September 2021
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https://doi.org/10.1075/z.231.index

A

  • academic communication8
  • academic discourse 8, 12, 18, 138
  • academic discourse community8
  • academic genres 6, 90, 245
  • academic language 11, 18
  • academic research 51, 160
  • academic texts 10, 20
  • academic vocabulary 9, 12–15, 20–21
  • academic voice 1, 14, 23
  • academic word families20
  • Academic Word List 12, 20
  • academic writing 3–5, 11, 17–19, 23–24, 45–46, 51, 58–61, 89, 137, 159–160, 163, 211, 216, 237, 273–274
  • adjective 41–42, 71, 123–124
  • adjectives 42, 71, 79, 123, 233
  • adverb 20, 42, 63, 106, 124
  • adverbial clauses 62–63, 66
  • adverbs 41–42, 105, 123
  • analysis 27, 31, 117, 127, 160, 183, 188–195, 203, 216, 224
  • analyze 37, 47, 67, 86, 98–99, 120, 132, 161, 187, 192, 195, 204, 238
  • analyzing the data203
  • annotated 254–256
  • annotation 255–256
  • APA 17, 79, 153, 155, 164, 167, 169, 177, 183, 216–219, 231–235, 240, 252, 254, 256
  • architecture 3, 23–24, 59–60, 67, 80, 89, 113, 116, 127, 154
  • argument 26–27, 31, 89, 161, 176, 238, 283
  • arranging to write (AWARE) 3, 46–47, 75, 82, 98, 102, 119–120, 132, 144, 150, 199, 226, 242, 243, 247, 249, 251, 254, 263, 265, 269, 277, 278, 282, 286
  • art 3, 14, 59
  • article 4, 14, 118, 138, 173, 174–177, 188, 234–235, 244, 248–249, 251–254, 258, 264, 274
  • articles 8, 138, 162, 197, 202, 218, 233, 241, 244–246, 248, 251–253, 264, 287
  • assess 13, 36, 37, 55, 58, 67, 78, 101–102, 145, 151, 186, 202, 229, 267, 286
  • assessing (AWARE) 3, 46, 55–58, 59, 78, 83, 101–102, 111, 121, 134, 145, 151, 229, 286
  • assessing strategy 101, 102, 121, 229
  • assessment 23, 59–60, 78, 122, 203, 286
  • assessment checklist58
  • assignment 4, 17, 19, 36, 38, 47, 51, 54–56, 67, 74–75, 82–83, 85, 153, 155, 159, 161, 182–183, 216, 219, 231, 238, 240, 244, 248, 271, 289
  • assignments 4, 6, 16, 18, 38, 51, 55–56, 127, 154–155, 159–160, 182, 211, 238, 267
  • author (authors) 16–17, 29–32, 163–174, 176–179, 216–219, 233–235, 252–254
  • AWARE 3–4, 45–67, 74, 82, 111, 131, 137, 144, 154, 183, 207, 209
  • AWARE Approach 45, 67

B

  • background information 25, 36, 140–141, 144–145, 152, 220, 222, 245, 282
  • background questions140
  • blueprint 28, 272, 276–277
  • body paragraph 25, 31, 34–35, 54, 78, 92, 121, 128, 213, 282, 289
  • body paragraphs 23, 25–26, 28–29, 31–32, 34–35, 53–54, 56–57, 60, 75, 77, 89–90, 92–94, 96–97, 100–101, 111, 113–115, 118, 120–121, 128–131, 134, 140, 152–155, 207, 209, 211, 227, 267, 271, 272–275, 276–279, 282, 286, 289
  • brainstorm 50, 53, 67, 75
  • brainstorming 47, 49–50, 75–77, 82, 98–99, 120, 132, 242
  • building blocks 3, 23, 25, 59–60, 80, 90, 183, 232–233

C

  • case studies 7, 90, 160, 181–184, 220
  • case study 46, 159–163, 181–205, 207–266, 268
  • case study research question 181, 187
  • case study research questions 176, 186–187
  • causal language 111, 127, 130–131, 134, 231
  • cause (see cause/effect, cause and effect) 63–64, 127–134, 154–155
  • cause and effect 29, 127, 131–135, 154–155
  • cause/effect 26–28, 30, 89, 111, 127, 137, 148, 154
  • checklist 58, 78, 79, 84, 123, 125, 134, 135, 152, 153, 179, 227, 231, 289
  • Chicago 17, 153, 191
  • citation 16–17, 162–164, 167, 177, 191, 207, 209, 216–220, 230, 232–233, 240, 243, 252–253, 257–258
  • citations 211, 213, 216–218, 220, 231–233, 240, 246, 253, 254, 259, 290
  • cite 216, 218, 227, 237, 251–252, 263
  • citing 16, 159, 163, 216, 232, 252, 255, 280
  • clause (clauses) 10, 39, 62–66, 79, 84, 105–106, 126
  • cluster 47, 98, 241–242, 259–261
  • clustering 47, 98, 100, 132, 201
  • code (codes) 192–195, 203–204
  • code index 194, 203
  • coding 193–195, 203
  • cohesion 67, 95, 105, 211–212, 215, 230, 277, 279, 287
  • collect 189, 202–203
  • collection 172, 183, 185, 188–191, 201–203, 261
  • comma splices 125–126, 135, 153, 179, 291
  • comma usage 79, 84
  • commonly confused words124
  • communicate 8, 23–24
  • communication 4–6, 18–19, 28, 39, 137–138, 218–220, 231–232
  • communities 5, 8, 237
  • community 4–6, 8, 17–18, 23–24, 26, 28, 162
  • community of practice6
  • compare (see compare and contrast, compare/contrast) 12, 25, 27–28, 30, 34, 36
  • compare and contrast 30, 111
  • compare/contrast 26–28, 31, 37, 89, 111–113, 115, 118, 120, 137, 143–145, 148, 151
  • concluding sentence 74, 185, 212, 214, 227, 239, 276, 277, 279
  • concluding sentences 89, 212, 214–215, 230, 267
  • conclusions 137, 146–152, 252, 257, 271, 283, 284–286, 289
  • conducting research 47, 51, 60, 161, 181, 183, 207, 237
  • conjunction 63–64, 124, 270
  • conjunctions 63, 79, 227, 287
  • connectors (see discourse connectors)
  • contrast (see compare and contrast, compare/contrast) 26–27, 30, 63, 112–115, 116, 118–121, 124, 144–145, 150–153
  • contrasts212
  • counterpoint 144–145
  • Coxhead 12, 13

D

  • data (see primary data, see secondary data sources) 13, 134, 160–162, 172, 181–205, 207–213, 216, 229–230, 245, 259–261, 263–264, 265, 270, 276, 291
  • data collection 172, 183, 185, 189–191, 197–198, 200–203, 207, 209, 261
  • data triangulation 198, 264, 265
  • date of publication 165, 176, 234–235, 248, 252, 254
  • description 19, 26, 27, 28, 30, 38, 69–78, 85, 153, 155, 83, 240, 255–269, 276, 284
  • description in thesis-driven writing70
  • description to support a thesis 74, 78
  • detailed outline 269–270, 277–278, 282
  • direct quotations 17, 163–164, 169, 172, 254
  • directives 36–38
  • disciplinary literacy245
  • discipline 5, 7, 13, 23, 55, 159, 162, 170, 178, 240, 245–246, 290
  • disciplines 3, 5, 14, 70, 161, 181–182, 237, 241, 244–246, 265, 273
  • discourse 4–5, 8–10, 12, 18, 138, 160, 237, 245–246
  • discourse connectors 9, 12, 14–15, 80–81, 84, 95–96, 105–108, 115–116, 128–129, 212, 269, 290–291
  • documenting 191, 243–244, 250, 252, 254
  • draft 49, 53–55, 59, 76–77, 83, 97, 100–103, 120–122, 134, 145, 151–153, 198, 213, 270, 278–279, 282, 286–288
  • drafting 49, 53–54, 59, 210–211

E

  • edit 67, 146, 152, 179, 252
  • editing (AWARE) 3, 46, 59, 61, 84, 105, 124, 146, 152–153, 179, 231, 288
  • editing checklist 79, 84, 125, 135, 153
  • effect (see cause/effect, cause and effect) 27, 29, 124, 127–133, 135, 290
  • effects 28, 50, 127–129, 131–133, 135, 155
  • email 19, 75, 77
  • enumeration 27–29, 32, 89, 93, 95–97, 107–108, 148, 154–155
  • essay assignment 36, 141, 185
  • essays 7, 25, 28–29, 90, 146, 154, 207
  • evaluate 37, 89, 237
    • evidence 229, 263–265
    • quantity and quality of data 195–198, 204–205
    • sources 192, 248–249, 251
    • thesis statement148
    • working thesis statement241
  • evaluating 121, 203
  • evaluation matrix 197–198, 205
  • evidence
    • assessing evidence 55–59
    • evaluating evidence 229, 264–265, 287, 289
    • evidence and conclusions 146, 223, 225, 284
    • evidence and introductions 138, 282
    • evidence in a case study 209, 210–214
    • evidence in a research paper 238, 241–245
    • evidence to support cause and effect 127–134
    • evidence to support compare and contrast 113–123
    • evidence to support a thesis 24–32, 34–37, 74–75, 97, 207, 241, 267
    • evidence to support a topic sentence 92–94
    • establishing and organizing evidence 51–55, 90, 98–103, 107–109, 111, 117–123, 227, 259–263, 271–278
    • description as evidence70
    • narrative as evidence82
    • revising evidence60
  • evidence evaluation matrix 197–198, 205
  • evidence to support a thesis 35, 74, 97, 207
  • expert sources 51, 55–56, 92–93, 97, 101, 240, 273–274
  • explanation 70, 76
  • expository 24, 37, 74, 151, 237
  • expository essay 23, 24, 25, 69, 154, 207
  • expository genres 6–8, 10
  • expository thesis 18, 26, 28, 112
  • expository writing 7, 24, 26, 69, 74, 82, 185

F

  • formal language 11, 18–19, 77, 152, 172, 231
  • format 153–155, 177, 183, 216–218, 231–232, 234–235, 240–244, 252, 254, 258, 289–290
  • formatting 79, 191, 216, 231–232, 234, 243, 290
  • formulating a research question 183, 201
  • fragment (fragments) 20, 39–43, 44, 63–66, 291
  • free writing 47, 132, 201

G

  • general to specific organization 140, 142–143, 147, 222, 227–228, 289
  • general topic 47, 49–51, 57, 99–100, 108, 142, 240, 269, 281–282
  • generating ideas 75, 98, 100, 119, 200–201
  • genre (genres) 6–8, 10, 23, 80, 90, 104, 146, 181, 245
  • gerund 20, 39, 41–43
  • graphic organizer 52, 81, 83
  • graphic organizers 52, 132

H

  • Hyland6
  • hypothesis160

I

  • illustration70
  • incorporating direct quotations169
  • infinitive phrases 41–43
  • informal language 8, 11–12, 152, 231
  • informational directives 36–38
  • informed consent184
  • instructions 36, 38, 154
  • interpretive directives37
  • interview (interviews) 164, 177–179, 188–191, 202–203, 218–220
  • in-text citation 164, 169, 177, 216, 218–219, 230, 253, 258
  • in-text citations 164, 173, 211, 216, 218–220, 230–232, 240, 253–254, 290
  • introduction (introductions) 25, 32–33, 35, 45–46, 75–77, 90, 93, 100, 114–115, 117–118, 133, 137–146, 154, 155, 220–224, 227–228, 238, 240, 246, 271, 274, 276, 278–284, 289
  • introductory words 84, 291

L

  • Lave & Wenger6
  • listing 47, 75, 98, 100, 132
  • literary 6–8, 16, 51
  • literary genres6
  • literary texts6
  • literature review 45, 51, 56, 237–240, 244, 246–248, 252
  • long quotations 167–168
  • long summaries176

M

  • methods 160, 182, 187, 190, 198, 218, 233
  • mind map 47, 98, 241–243
  • MLA 17, 79, 153
  • move (moves) 138–140, 139, 142, 146–147, 151, 154, 279
  • multiple authors 217, 233
  • multiple causes 127, 129, 131–133, 155
  • multiple effects 127–129, 131–133, 155
  • multiple sources 4, 31, 56–57, 95, 130, 229, 248, 264

N

  • narrative in thesis-driven writing69
  • narrative to support a thesis 80, 82
  • narrowed topic 49, 50, 99–100
  • narrowing the topic222
  • Nesi & Gardner 6, 23, 159
  • non-count nouns 61, 84, 291
  • noun 39, 41–42, 124, 135
  • noun clause 62, 64–66
  • nouns 41–42, 61, 122–123, 160, 288

O

  • observation 70, 161, 187, 191–192
  • observations 35, 101, 161, 188, 191–193, 197, 203, 255
  • organizational patterns 28, 37, 113, 127, 138
  • organize 24, 52, 132, 176, 181, 190, 192–193, 195, 198, 203–204, 211, 228, 237–238, 261, 267, 277
  • organized 8, 24, 26, 113, 141, 195, 198, 211, 230, 238, 260, 289
  • organizing 3, 7, 47, 52–53, 100, 193, 199, 238, 259, 260, 263, 270
    • organizing sources 259–260
    • organizing the data 193, 203, 259
  • outline 35, 52–54, 83, 100–102, 120–121, 128–129, 132–134, 198–199, 205, 210, 214, 226–230, 263–264, 269–274, 278–279, 282, 286–287
  • outlining 52, 100, 120

P

  • paragraph (paragraphs) 24–25, 28–32, 34–35, 54, 56–57, 60, 74, 78, 83, 89–96, 101–103, 107–108, 113–114, 118, 120–121, 128–130, 134–135, 222, 227–231, 239–240, 264–265, 272–277, 289, 290
  • paragraph unity 67, 102–103, 231
  • parallel 107–108, 287–288, 290
  • parallelism 287–288
  • paraphrase 16–18, 163, 169–173, 178–179, 225, 257–258, 284, 286
  • paraphrased 149, 163–164, 171, 173, 177, 219, 272
  • paraphrases 169–171, 259, 275, 283, 289–291
  • paraphrasing 164, 169–170, 172–173, 256–257, 283
  • paraphrasing direct quotations172
  • paraphrasing secondary sources257
  • participants 184–186, 197, 202, 219
  • past tense 172, 211, 227, 230, 291
  • personal communication 177, 218–220, 231–232
  • phrases 8–10, 38–42, 62, 84–85, 105, 150, 168, 176–177, 212, 214–215, 283, 288, 291
  • plagiarism 16–18, 159, 163, 173–179, 209, 254
  • planning 47, 83, 183, 189, 202
  • point of view 7, 24–26, 28–29, 47, 49–50, 54–55, 59, 67, 99–100, 107–108, 112, 127–129, 132, 142–143, 145, 147–149, 151, 208–209, 222–224, 227, 230, 241–243, 257, 269, 276, 289
  • point-by-point organization 113–114, 116–118, 120
  • precise language 11, 71, 123
  • precise vocabulary 70–72, 122–123
  • precision 12, 20, 78, 84
  • preposition (prepositions) 39–40, 124
  • prepositional phrases 39–40, 43, 62
  • present tense 211, 258
  • presenting 108, 132, 148–149, 163, 173, 207, 272, 279
    • evidence 37, 209, 230
    • data 193, 197, 264
    • information 10, 23, 28
    • quotations164
    • results245
  • primary 159–163, 187–190, 202, 211, 216, 219, 230, 264, 273
    • data 187–188, 202, 208, 213, 227, 230
    • data sources 187, 202
    • research 161, 163, 211, 230
    • sources 160–161, 181, 183, 187–190, 197, 202, 216, 218–219, 252, 273
  • private writing5
  • production 196, 210–214, 225
  • pronoun (pronouns) 39, 65, 233, 290
  • public writing 4–6
  • published sources 237, 244, 248, 250
  • punctuation 79, 86, 106, 167, 291
    • punctuation for discourse connectors 105, 125, 135, 291

Q

  • qualitative research 160, 182, 185, 202
  • quality of evidence 55, 121
  • quantitative research160
  • quantity of sources56
  • quotation (quotations) 17, 163–170, 172–173, 177, 188, 217–219, 257–259, 284
  • quote 101, 164–165, 167, 178, 188, 192, 252–256, 258–259
  • quotes 34–35, 163, 191, 193, 252, 257, 289–291
  • quoting 164, 256–257
    • quoting secondary sources257

R

  • reading to write 32, 72, 81, 92, 96, 116, 118, 129, 130, 139, 142, 148, 149, 162, 213, 221, 225, 239, 284, 285
  • reference list 191, 216, 218–220, 231–233, 236, 252, 254–255, 259, 290
  • references 17, 51, 164, 194, 216, 218, 231–234, 236–237, 240, 244, 246, 252, 254, 290
  • reflection 55, 59, 223
  • relative pronouns65
  • relevance 96, 138, 146–147, 150–151, 161, 192, 200, 249, 251, 255, 259, 264–265, 272
  • reliability of sources237
  • rephrase 101, 146, 228
    • rephrase the thesis 148, 151, 164, 223, 228
  • rephrasing 148, 169, 223–224
  • report (reports) 6–7, 23, 90, 159, 160–161, 166, 174, 177, 186, 202, 211, 218, 234–235, 237, 244, 258, 259, 272, 279
  • reporting verbs 165–166, 177, 179, 211
  • research 159–163, 182–197, 202–205, 208–209, 211, 216, 225, 226, 229, 238, 241, 244–246, 250, 252, 259–260, 263–265
  • research paper 159, 160, 200, 211, 218, 220, 237–238, 240, 243, 245, 250, 252, 257, 259, 263–264, 268–270, 272, 276–286
  • research question 162, 181, 183, 185–189, 192–198, 201–205, 207, 208, 226, 238, 241, 248, 251–252
  • research to support a thesis159
  • results 30, 37, 160, 211, 225, 245–246, 265–266
  • reverse outline 101–102, 121, 134, 229–230, 286–287
  • review 8, 37, 45, 146, 154, 163, 174, 179, 187, 189–190, 192–195, 204, 228, 237–242, 244–248, 251–252, 254, 261, 263, 277, 279–280, 283
  • review of the literature 237, 239, 241–242, 244, 272, 280
  • reviewing 161, 190, 192, 203, 243, 254, 260, 263
  • revise 59–60, 67, 84–85, 123, 134, 151, 210, 227, 230, 287–288
  • revising (AWARE) 3, 46, 59–60, 78, 84–85, 102–103, 122–123, 134, 146, 151–152, 179, 207, 230, 231, 288–289
  • revising strategy 58, 102, 122
  • revision 58–59, 120–121, 229, 288

S

  • sample draft essay273
  • sample reference list236
  • scholarly sources 244, 248
  • secondary 159–162, 211, 264, 268
  • secondary data sources 162, 211, 216, 230
  • secondary research 159–162 245–246
  • secondary sources 46, 160–162, 188, 200, 216, 237–238, 241, 243, 244, 248, 250, 252–253, 256–258, 264, 280
  • sentence (sentences) 39–44, 62–66, 83–85, 102, 105–106, 125–135, 166, 169, 171–174, 179, 284, 288, 289, 291
  • sentence fragments 8, 23–24, 39, 41–44, 62–64, 291
  • short summaries174
  • short quotations164
  • single cause 129, 132, 133, 155
  • single effect 129, 133, 155
  • social context of writing4
  • source (sources) 15–17, 51, 56–58, 94, 134, 160–165, 169–171, 173, 176, 177, 183–190, 192–195, 197, 202–205, 209, 216–220, 231–235, 237–252, 254–255, 257–259, 264–265, 272–278, 279–280, 282, 286–288, 289
  • spelling 13, 86–87, 291
  • statement (statements) 143, 145, 154, 164, 194, 222, 226–228, 280, 286
  • strategies 4, 46, 47, 78, 111, 140, 147, 163, 171, 172, 174, 186, 189, 191, 192, 193, 196, 221, 223, 227, 246, 248, 280, 283, 284, 286
  • strategy 54, 58, 67, 71, 72, 73, 99, 100, 101, 102, 105, 121, 122, 140, 142, 148, 149, 150, 193, 197, 222, 223, 225, 229
  • style (styles) 8, 11, 14, 15, 17, 20, 59, 153, 164, 169, 177, 191, 216, 231–233, 252, 255, 290
  • subject 39–43, 62–66, 81, 90–91, 111–115, 174, 181–185, 187, 190–193, 199–203, 208, 220, 222, 225–227, 238, 291
  • subject-by-subject organization 113–114
  • subordinate clauses 10, 39, 62
  • subordinate phrases 39, 62
  • summaries 173–174, 254, 258–259, 272–274, 290–291
  • summarize 17, 32, 34, 37, 163, 259, 276–277, 286
  • summarizing 177–178, 209, 240, 254, 256–258, 284
    • summarizing interviews177
    • summarizing secondary sources258
  • summary 17, 45, 56, 67, 102, 150, 163, 173–179, 234, 248, 255, 257–258, 289
  • Swales 6, 138
  • synthesis 146, 186, 216, 225, 228, 272–274, 276
  • synthesizing sources272

T

  • T chart 100, 117–118, 120, 261, 263, 264, 279
  • thematic analysis216
  • thematic coding 193–194
  • theme (themes) 192, 194–199, 203–208, 210–211, 213–214, 216, 225–230, 237–239, 241–242, 245, 248, 259–261, 263–264, 272, 279
  • thesis (see thesis statement) 24, 28, 35, 45, 54, 55, 58, 67, 74, 75, 78, 82, 101, 114, 140, 143, 148–150, 174, 220, 237, 241–243, 248, 250–251, 259–261, 263, 265, 267–275, 277–278, 280–287, 289
  • thesis and organizational patterns28
  • thesis statement 3, 24–35, 47, 49–52, 54, 58–61, 74, 78, 82–83, 90, 102, 112–115, 121–122, 127–129, 132, 138, 142, 144, 146–148, 151, 185, 187, 208, 210, 223–224, 226–227, 251, 267–274, 286–287, 289
  • thesis-driven writing 45, 51, 70
  • topic 4, 11, 24–29, 31–32, 35–37, 47, 49–50, 55, 58, 81–83, 91, 97–103, 107–109, 112, 113, 121, 127, 132– 133, 138, 140–142, 145–149, 183, 185–186, 194, 208, 212, 222, 238, 240, 242–243, 247, 251, 260, 268–270, 274, 277, 281, 286, 289–290
  • chosing a writing topic47
  • topic sentence 25, 31, 35, 54–57, 60, 81–82, 90–94, 100–104, 107–109, 114–115, 117, 121, 129–130, 134, 176, 214–215, 227, 229, 251, 259, 272–279, 287, 289
  • triangulation 197–198, 204, 264–265
  • two-column graphic organizer52

U

  • UK spelling 13, 86–87
  • understanding the assignment 75, 82, 240
  • US spelling 13, 86–87

V

  • Venn diagram 119–120
  • verb (verbs) 10, 20, 36, 39, 41–43, 61–66, 86, 124, 128, 130–131, 135, 165–166, 172, 186–187, 202, 211, 288, 291
  • verb endings86
  • verbal phrases 41–42
  • visualization 71–73, 78
  • visualize 52, 78, 132–133
  • voice 3–4, 14–16, 18, 67, 97, 107, 119, 122–123, 164

W

  • Web 162–163, 209, 233, 235, 244, 249–250, 253
  • word families20
  • word precision78
  • working thesis 47, 49, 53, 55, 58, 60, 67, 100, 120–122, 131–132, 138, 185, 226, 241–243, 246–247, 259–260, 263–264, 268–269
  • working thesis statement 47, 50, 54, 59, 76, 99–100, 122, 132, 208–210, 226–227, 229–230
  • writing (AWARE) 46, 53, 74, 76, 82, 97, 101, 118, 120, 131, 134, 144, 150, 154, 178, 199, 227, 278, 282, 286
  • writing assignment 17, 36, 38, 47, 51
  • writing assignments154
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