In:On Understanding Grammar: Revised edition
T. Givón
[Not in series 213] 2018
► pp. 291–298
General index
Published online: 7 March 2018
https://doi.org/10.1075/z.213.gi
https://doi.org/10.1075/z.213.gi
A
- abduction264
- abductive speculation226
- absolutive distribution214
- accessibility hierarchy 125, 149
- acquisition151
- acquisition of grammar217
- action 250, 261
- actions120
- active-agentive verbs257
- active clauses40
- active/ergative77
- adaptive selection11
- adjectival passive20
- adjectival-resultative18
- adjectival-stative passive 15, 82
- adjectives251
- adult 2nd-language pidgin222
- ADV-clause 194, 196
- adverb123
- adversive passives16
- affirmative 100, 104
- affirmative assertions102
- affirmative clauses40
- agency 208, 251, 257, 258, 259, 262
- agent 121, 122, 261
- Álvarez-González, A. 87, 89
- anaphoric61
- anaphoric distance 47, 48, 49, 61
- anaphoric grounding 126, 128
- anaphoric pronoun 44, 44, 45, 48, 52, 61, 131, 134, 136, 192
- anaphoric zero 74, 75
- anatomy12
- Anderson, J.122
- Anderson, S.143
- animacy208
- antipassive 77, 85
- antipassive morphology87
- antipassives85
- antipassive voice84
- Anttila, R.226
- applicative 125, 148
- arbitrariness 4, 7, 14
- Aristotle 4, 5, 7, 11, 12, 152, 204, 223, 227, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 242
- artifice230
- assertion108
- associative 121, 122
- attention 265, 266
- attentional activation61
- Attkinson, R. C.265
- Attneave, F. 103, 263
- automated processing 151, 171, 172
B
- Baddeley, A. D.265
- Baldwin, J. M.223
- Bartles, A.230
- Bates, E. 166, 212
- behavior-and-control properties120
- being235
- benefactive 121, 122
- Bickerton, D. 33, 65, 66, 67, 153, 165, 219
- big-game scavenging219
- Bird, C. 131, 132, 156
- Bloom, L. 33, 166, 212, 213
- Bloomfield, L. 10, 11, 23, 178, 224
- Boesch, C.212
- Bolinger, D. 23, 27, 61
- Bopp, F. 23, 178
- Bowerman, M. 33, 214, 215, 217
- Brainard, S. 77, 125
- Broca’s aphasia 203, 217, 223
- Brown, C. 49, 54, 151, 153, 158, 164
- Bybee, J.20
C
- Call, J.212
- canine communication207
- Caplan, B.212
- Carnap, R. 5, 6, 62, 93, 242, 243
- Carter, A.212
- Cartesian axiom239
- case-marking post-positions188
- case-role recoverability129
- cataphoric61
- cataphoric grounding128
- cataphoric persistence61
- cataphoric topicality 62, 74
- cataphoric zero 75, 78, 84
- cataphoroic grounding127
- causal explanation264
- causality 260, 262
- causation 258, 260
- causative-reflexive18
- causer261
- Chafe, W. 42, 122
- chained clauses 185, 188, 189
- chained equi-subject clauses159
- chain-initial re-orientation devices48
- change 103, 250, 263
- Chase, W.172
- Cheney, D. L. 33, 212
- child vs. adult language166
- Chomsky, N. 10, 23, 36, 37, 98, 119, 137, 152, 172, 176, 177, 178, 201, 203, 267
- Chung, S.120
- Clark, E.212
- Clark, H.108
- clause chain42
- clause chaining 131, 133, 162
- clause chains 27, 41
- clauses30
- clause union21
- cleft-focus180
- clitic anaphoric pronouns191
- Coates, J.42
- Cocchiarella, N. B.244
- coded lexicon213
- cognition207
- cognitive processing198
- cognitive saliency107
- cognitive status of negation103
- Cohen, L.268
- Cole, P.120
- communication 28, 207, 265
- communicative context 35, 218
- communicative efficacy175
- communicative function 32, 35, 267
- communicative mode 170, 212
- compactness249
- Comparative Method175
- comparative reconstruction224
- competence 98, 152, 168, 177, 267
- complement of cognition-perception verbs 160, 194
- complexity 213, 248, 249, 251
- complex mental structures262
- Comrie, B. 14, 22, 125, 143, 149
- concepts29
- conceptual lexicon28
- conceptual meaning30
- concreteness 248, 249, 250, 252
- conditionality260
- conjoined clauses156
- context dependence218
- continuity41
- continuous referents45
- contrary speech-act115
- contrastive focus 110, 115
- contrastive stress110
- control34
- convention230
- Cooreman, A. 76, 77, 85
- countability250
- counter-norm 104, 262
- Cratylus233
- crazy synchronic phonology178
- crazy synchronic syntax199
- crazy syntax175
- Creation240
- Creider, C.206
- creolization 171, 203
- creology152
- cross-event coherence222
- cross-language diversity267
- cross-language typological diversity 120, 149
- cross-language typology of rel-clauses129
- cross-turn spreading of utterances215
D
- Darwin, C. 13, 19, 203, 223
- Darwinian evolution203
- Darwinian model204
- dative 121, 122
- declarative clauses39
- declarative information219
- deductivism6
- deep structure37
- definite65
- definite head noun129
- definiteness61
- definite NPs47
- definite subjects 47, 97
- degree of grammaticalization154
- deixis219
- demonstrative pronouns 132, 140
- demonstrative ‘this’72
- denotation243
- deontic214
- Descartes, R. 23, 239
- development 171, 199
- developmental trends 152, 170, 223
- de-verbal conjunction187
- de Waal, F.211
- diachronic change 188, 267
- diachronic cycle 171, 198
- diachronic extension19
- diachronic pathways23
- diachronic syntax176
- diachronic typology 15, 78
- diachrony 3, 8, 9, 14, 23, 151, 152, 153, 171, 199, 202, 224
- Dik, S.27
- Dingwall, W. O.211
- Diogenes of Sinope267
- direct access to knowledge239
- direct object123
- direct-object rel-clauses135
- discontinuous referents57
- discourse30
- discourse coherence 31, 32, 41
- discourse context31
- discourse-pragmatic functions 93, 119
- discourse pragmatics100
- discourse-pragmatic word-order222
- discourse structure 41, 151
- Divers, J.63
- Dixon, R. M. W. 84, 143, 252
- DuBois, J.75
- Dunbar, R. M.265
E
- early childhood communication 166, 209
- early child language 212, 222
- early communicative modes222
- Elimelech, B.187
- embedded relative clause156
- embedded verb complements159
- Empedocles11
- emphatic focus construction133
- emphatic independent pronouns191
- empiricism23
- empiricist 229, 262
- empiricists23
- Enlightenment234
- Epicure 229, 230, 231, 232, 240
- episodic memory 211, 220, 266
- epistemic214
- epistemic modalities102
- equi-subject verb complements 159, 194
- ergative125
- ergative languages84
- Ericsson, K. A.172
- erosion of grammatical morphology171
- error rate155
- Ervin-Tripp, S.42
- event cognition222
- events 120, 209
- evolution 151, 171, 202
- evolutionary biology 171, 176, 203
- evolutionary relic221
- evolution of grammar218
- excess structure176
- experience261
- explanation264
- external universe261
- extraposed rel-clause132
F
- Félix-Armandáriz, R.195
- Fernald, R. D. 202, 223
- figure 108, 250, 262, 263
- Fillmore, C.122
- finite main clause194
- finite verbal-clause prototype136
- Firbas, J.61
- first-language acquisition171
- floating tone187
- focus clauses162
- focused negation110
- Foley, W.206
- foregrounded backbone59
- formal written discourse168
- formal written language164
- Fortescue, M.84
- fossil record12
- Fouts, R. S.33
- Fox, A.51
- Fox, B.145
- Frege, G. 62, 93, 241, 242, 243
- frequency198
- frequency definition of information263
- frequency distribution 103, 197
- full NPs49
- function11
- functional ambiguity19
- functionalism6
- functional overlap 18, 19
- functional re-analysis 19, 21
- functional similarity 14, 18, 19
- Futuyma, D. J.13
G
- García, E. 151, 172
- Gardner, B. T.33
- gathering219
- Gell-Mann, M.207
- general indefinites74
- Generative Grammar 2, 23
- generic-cultural knowledge218
- generic information211
- genesis of grammar171
- genesis of syntax out of discourse164
- Gestalt Psychology263
- GET-passive20
- Gildea, S.137
- global consequences176
- Goodall, J. 210, 211
- Gould, S. J. 152, 223
- government34
- grammar34
- grammatical agreement45
- grammatical category-labels34
- grammatical communication223
- grammatical constructions175
- grammaticalization 19, 151, 155, 171, 187, 188, 190, 221, 237
- grammaticalized subject155
- grammatical morphology 153, 166, 170, 171, 221
- grammatical processing164
- grammatical relations 21, 124
- grammatical roles 54, 123
- grammatical structure32
- grammatical subject22
- grammatical sub-systems 35, 36
- gravity256
- Greenberg, J. 23, 78, 175
- Greenfield, P.166
- Grice, H. P. 102, 263, 265
- ground 108, 250, 262, 263
- Gruber, J.166
H
- Haeckel, F. 204, 223
- Haiman, J. 176, 228
- Hall, B.119
- Halliday, M. A. K. 27, 61
- Hancock, I.69
- Hanson, R. N. 226, 228, 264
- Harris, Z. 36, 37, 137
- Haspelmath, M. 15, 23
- Hauser, M.203
- headless rel-clause139
- Heath, J. 76, 85
- Heine, B. 20, 140, 142, 160, 185, 187, 237, 247
- Hellenistic grammarians233
- Herzberger, H.94
- Hidalgo, R.82
- hierarchic constituency34
- hierarchic organization42
- hierarchic phrase structure170
- hierarchic structure 42, 255
- hierarchic syntactic structures 171, 221
- hierarchy of access to subjecthood124
- hierarchy of topicality124
- Hintikka, J.244
- Homo erectus219
- homogeneous gene pool210
- Hopper, P. 20, 59, 136
- Hrdy, S. B. 215, 219, 265
- Huang, F.72
- human culture207
- human sociality265
- Humboldt, W. von 23, 25
- hunting219
- Hyman, L. 61, 120, 124, 162, 178, 206
- hypothesis formation264
I
- iconicity176
- idealization 8, 10
- impersonal subject17
- implicative95
- importance 61, 68
- indefinite65
- indefinite head nouns127
- indefinite markers74
- indefiniteness62
- indefinite objects 47, 97
- indefinite referent 69, 73
- indefinite subjects97
- indefinite ‘this’73
- independent/contrastive pronouns192
- independent object pronouns191
- independent pronouns 44, 46, 47, 192
- independent syntax 151, 152
- indirect object123
- indirect-object relativization 127, 128, 135, 138, 148
- individuation 249, 250
- inertia103
- informal-oral language164
- information 211, 262, 266
- informational middle ground266
- informational stability210
- information imbalance219
- information theory103
- innate ideas232
- instrument 121, 122
- intention258
- Internal Reconstruction175
- interpersonal behavior261
- inter-personal universe261
- intonation 34, 170
- intonation contour42
- intonation rules216
- intransitive221
- inverse77
- irrealis 63, 64, 65, 95, 98, 102, 116, 118
- irrealis scope100
- irregularities176
- Itkonen, E. 22, 226, 229, 233, 240, 243, 260
J
- Janda, R.223
- Jay, P.211
- Jespersen, O. 23, 26, 178
- Juárez, C. 87, 89
- Justus, C.133
K
- Kant, I. 228, 230, 238, 241, 248, 253
- Kantian axiom239
- Karttunen, L.94
- Kawasha, B.80
- Keel, S.172
- Keenan, E. L. 22, 61, 94, 97, 109, 119, 120, 124, 125, 143, 149, 239
- Keenan-Comrie accessibility hierarchy145
- Kimenyi, A. 120, 146
- kin-based social organization210
- Kirsner, R.80
- Klaiman, M.85
- Klein, R.219
- Koffka, K. 103, 263
- Kosslyn, S. M. 262, 265
- Kripke, S.244
- Kuhn, T.6
- Kuno, S. 61, 130
L
- Labov, B. 9, 176
- Lakoff, G.37
- Lamarck, J.-B.223
- Lamendella, J. 201, 205, 209, 211
- language diachrony203
- language evolution 171, 201, 203
- language universals203
- langue 8
- Lao Tse240
- law of the excluded middle94
- Lazard, G.22
- L-dislocated object155
- L-dislocation 17, 18, 21, 48, 156, 179
- L-dislocation passive80
- left-right asymmetry257
- Lewis, D.63
- lexical acquisition213
- lexical concepts29
- lexicalization246
- lexical word-classes248
- lexicon34
- Li, C. N. 16, 83, 124, 158, 162, 163
- linearity rules217
- linear time253
- Linell, P.42
- local goals176
- locative 121, 122, 237
- logic 93, 266
- logical conditionality260
- Logical Positivism 5, 22, 241
- logical presupposition 94, 101
- Luu, P. 202, 205
M
- MacWhinney, B.215
- main clauses170
- main-declarative-affirmative-active38
- manipulative speech-acts218
- manner 121, 122
- marked107
- markedness36
- Marler, P.33
- Marlowe, F. W. 215, 219
- Mayr, E. 13, 15, 19, 202, 223
- Meillet, A. 151, 178
- Menn, L.217
- mental activity251
- mental representation28
- Miller, J. F.265
- Mishkin, M.33
- Mithun, M. 21, 131, 140
- mitosis254
- modal-aspectual verbs 190, 194
- mono-propositional coherence218
- mono-propositional discourse 209, 213
- mono-propositional pidgin communication221
- Montague, R.244
- Moravcsik, E. 124, 191
- morpho-genesis151
- morphology 34, 222
- motion 250, 256
- multi-propositional communication30
- multi-propositional discourse 28, 29, 31, 218, 220
N
- natural diachronic changes 189, 193
- natural drift in word-order change222
- naturalness 197, 198, 199
- naturalness in syntax176
- natural selection13
- nature230
- NEG-assertion 93, 102
- negation 65, 93, 108, 111, 115, 118
- negation scope 96, 100
- negative 100, 104
- negative assertion102
- negative clauses40
- negative speech-act95
- negative truth value93
- neo-recapitulationist204
- neoteny205
- network of nodes and connections262
- nominal case119
- nominalization 136, 195
- nominalized clausal subject194
- nominalized clauses 137, 193, 194
- nominalized subordinate clauses193
- nominal referents74
- non-declarative 38, 39
- non-finiteness136
- non-finite syntax193
- non-promotional passives 21, 22, 78, 79
- non-referring 65, 68, 73, 95, 98, 246
- non-referring indefinites64
- non-REF head noun129
- non-restrictive rel-clauses 128, 139, 141, 184, 185
- norm 104, 262, 263
- norm reversal103
- noun coding219
- noun-phrase negation109
- noun phrase prototype136
- nouns249
- novelty263
- numeral-marked indefinites70
O
- object incorporation86
- object pronoun 180, 191
- object relativization148
- object rel-clause 127, 128, 138, 194, 196
- object rel-clauses181
- object-topicalizing constructions182
- obligatory participants121
- Ochs, E. 153, 166, 168, 169
- Ochs-Keenan, E. 214, 215
- Old Testament238
- one-dimensional universe253
- ontogeny 152, 171, 199, 202, 205, 224
- ontology225
- optional constituents111
- optional participants121
- oral informal speech168
- other minds259
- OV order191
P
- paratactic154
- paratactic structures175
- paratactic two-word clauses220
- parenthetical assertions128
- parole8
- partial functional overlap184
- passive 77, 78, 179, 180
- passive clause163
- passive clauses40
- passive constructions15
- passivization 125, 126, 143, 144, 155
- patient 121, 122
- Paul, H. 23, 26
- Pawley, H. 162, 163
- Peirce, C. S. 6, 226, 228
- Pepperberg, I. M. 33, 208
- performance 98, 152, 168
- Perlmutter, D.120
- permanent semantic memory28
- Perrett, D. I.33
- phonological attrition175
- phonological changes178
- phylogeny 199, 205, 224
- physiology12
- Piaget, J.212
- pidgin communication 33, 165, 166
- pidginization203
- place208
- Plato 5, 232, 233
- Platonic 9, 10
- Popper, K. 6, 226
- Port Royal grammarians5
- Posner, M. I. 172, 262
- possessive constructions161
- Possible Worlds Semantics244
- Postal, P.120
- post-posing of subjects182
- post-Socratic epistemological tradition239
- pragmatically-controlled word-order flexibility182
- pragmatically prominent74
- pragmatic middle ground228
- pragmatic philosophy of science6
- pragmatic presupposition 126, 127
- pragmatic voice 75, 76
- precedence254
- pre-cognized universe238
- predicate123
- pre-grammatical33
- pre-grammatical communication 151, 169, 216
- pre-grammatical L2 Pidgin165
- pre-grammatical pidgin216
- pre-grammatical Pidgin 166, 218
- pre-grammatical pidgin communication214
- pre-grammatical processing 164, 216
- pre-human species33
- Premack, D.33
- presentative construction 46, 47
- presupposed shared background101
- presupposition 101, 102, 108
- primary grammatical signal34
- primary topic124
- primate communication211
- primates33
- Probert, P. 133, 157, 158
- processing speed154
- promotional22
- promotional passives 21, 82
- promotion to direct object 125, 146, 147, 148
- promotion to subject125
- pronominal agreement 49, 51, 134, 136
- propositional information 29, 30, 32
- propositional modalities 63, 95, 245
- propositional semantics28
- propositions 30, 31
- prototype nouns251
- prototypical nominal slots247
- prototypical verb slot247
- proximity rules217
- Pu, M.-M.54
- purpose 258, 259
- purposive motion 257, 258
- Purtill, R. L.244
Q
- quantity rules217
- Quine, W. 63, 245
R
- random motion258
- R-assertion102
- Rationalism23
- Rationalists23
- realis 63, 64, 65, 95, 96, 98
- recapitulation223
- reference 62, 241, 242
- referent-coding devices 41, 43
- referential accessibility124
- referential coherence 40, 41, 221
- referential continuity 43, 54, 55, 56, 57
- referential identity129
- referential importance124
- referential intent 244, 245
- referents208
- referring 65, 68, 95, 98, 246
- referring-indefinite65
- referring nominals64
- REF-indefinite head noun129
- re-finitization 193, 195
- reflexive passive 15, 82
- register152
- relational constraints on relativization144
- Relational Grammar 120, 158, 181, 193
- relative clauses 126, 162, 182, 183, 184
- relative topicality76
- relativization 126, 143, 146
- rel-clause markers185
- rel-clause structure185
- relevance34
- reorientation devices47
- restricted territorial range210
- restrictive rel-clause 126, 127, 142
- resultative verb compounds160
- rhythmics34
- rigid word-order131
- Ross, J. R.37
- Rousseau, J.-J.234
- Ruhlen, M.207
- Rumbaugh, D. M. 208, 212
- Russell, B. 5, 62, 93, 242, 243, 251, 252
- Russell’s Paradox242
S
- Sadock, J.120
- Samsara241
- Sankoff, G. 151, 153, 158, 164
- Sapir, E. 23, 26
- Saussure, F. de 2, 3, 7, 11, 23, 176, 177, 178, 224, 267
- Savage-Rumbaugh, S. 208, 212
- scala naturae 12
- scale of temporal stability253
- Schachter, P. 125, 143, 154, 162, 180
- Schaller, G. B.211
- Schieffelin, B. 166, 214, 215
- Shiffrin172
- Schmidt, R. A.172
- Schneider, W.172
- Scollon, R. 166, 212
- scope 34, 112
- scope of assertion115
- scope of negation 95, 108
- Scott, D.244
- secondary topic124
- selective attention262
- semantically referring67
- semantic bleaching 236, 237
- semantic features248
- semantic memory 211, 266
- semantic roles 119, 121, 122, 149
- semantic shift236
- sense 241, 242
- sensory-motor codes34
- sequential order34
- serial verbs16
- serial-verb adversive passives83
- serial-verb clauses 162, 185, 188
- serial-verb construction163
- Seyfarth, R. M. 33, 212
- Shannon, C. E. 103, 263
- Shapiro, D. C. A.172
- shared background102
- shared knowledge218
- Shibatani, M. 15, 76, 85, 130
- Shiffrin, R. 172, 265
- Silverstein, M. 76, 84
- Simon, H. 172, 255
- simplicity252
- Skinner23
- Slobin, D. 153, 215
- small social unit210
- Smith, E. D. 262, 265
- Snyder, C. R. R.172
- social interaction115
- Society of Intimates 116, 170, 209, 211, 218
- Society of Strangers170
- socio-cultural change210
- socio-cultural context 209, 215
- SOV mystery 201, 206
- SOV syntax206
- space235
- spandrels176
- spatial coherence249
- spatial compactness248
- spatial contiguity248
- spatial deixis213
- spatial diffuseness251
- spatial uniqueness255
- specific situational knowledge218
- speech-act102
- speech-act participants209
- speech acts 118, 212, 209
- spherical symmetry254
- Spitzer, M.262
- spontaneous oral discourse168
- Squire, L. R.33
- Stahlke, H.162
- standard of comparison106
- stasis 103, 263
- states120
- stationary organisms255
- statistical rarity263
- Stockwell, R. P.206
- Strawson, P.243
- stressed pronouns 46, 49, 53
- structural code33
- structuralism 3, 4, 10, 12, 268
- structural re-adjustment21
- subject123
- subject agreement 156, 181
- subjective certainty94
- subject prominent154
- subject properties119
- subject rel-clause 127, 128, 138, 196
- subordinate clauses 38, 39, 170, 191, 193, 195
- Sugiyama, Y.211
- Sun, C.-F.186
- surface structure37
- synchronic aberrations181
- synchronic typology23
- synchrony 8, 9, 14, 23, 199
- syntactic constructions 153, 222
- syntactic/grammaticalized processing216
- syntacticization153
- syntactic structure 151, 175
- syntactic two-word clauses220
- syntactic typology35
- syntactic word-order170
- syntax151
- synthetic apriori248
T
- Takizala, A. 181, 182
- Tao 238, 240, 241
- Taoist cosmology241
- Tao Teh Ching240
- task urgency262
- temporal237
- temporal compactness250
- temporal instability250
- temporality212
- temporal precedence260
- temporal sequentiality260
- temporal simultaneity248
- temporal stability 248, 249, 252
- tense-aspect markers 190, 191, 237
- tense-aspect renovation 189, 191
- terminal addition176
- Terrace, H. S.33
- text-frequency39
- The diachronic cycle153
- thematic continuity56
- Thompson, S. 16, 83, 136, 154, 158, 160, 162, 163
- three-dimensional universe256
- Thurman, R.137
- Timberlake, A. 61, 124
- time 121, 122, 208, 235
- token242
- Tomasello, M.212
- topical66
- topicality 61, 68, 124
- topicalization155
- topicalizing constructions 142, 184
- topic construction155
- topic-prominent154
- transformational relation36
- transformations137
- transitive221
- Traugott, E. C.237
- Tucker, D. M. 202, 204, 223
- TVX principle 189, 182
- two-valued logic94
- two-word clauses220
- type242
- typological diversity 18, 23, 171
- typological relic206
- typology of passive constructions23
U
- Universe of Discourse 62, 63, 67, 243, 244, 245, 246
- unmarked107
- unnatural syntax182
- unstressed anaphoric pronouns 49, 132
- unstressed clitic pronouns57
V
- van Lawick, H.210
- van Lawick-Goodall, J.211
- V-complements193
- Vendler, Z.261
- Vennemann, T. 57, 140, 182, 189, 206
- verbal clause 27, 137
- verb coding220
- verb-coding of semantic roles148
- verb-coding relativization strategy143
- verb-complements159
- verb phrase negation 109, 110
- verbs250
- vertical differentiation256
- vestigial relicts222
- voice constructions74
- volition 251, 259
- volitional agent257
- VP-nominalization 18, 20
- VP-nominalization passive16
W
- Waddington, C. H.223
- Washburn, D. W. 208, 212
- Watters, D.137
- Weaver, W. 103, 263
- Weber, D.137
- well-planned register170
- Werner, H.212
- West-Eberhard, M. J. 13, 152, 171, 199, 202, 204, 223, 224
- White, S. A. 202, 223
- WH-questions 162, 180, 182
- Williamson, K.188
- Wittgenstein, L. 225, 227, 229, 266
- word-class247
- word-class membership247
- word-order 54, 55, 57, 188
- word-order change191
- words 27, 29, 31
- working memory266
- Wright, S. 72, 73, 237
Y
- Yang, L. I. 15, 20, 82
- Y-movement 61, 140, 142, 183, 184, 185, 191, 192
- Young, P. 116, 209
Z
- Zeki, S.230
- zero 44, 49, 53, 57
- zero-agent passive18
- zero anaphora 44, 45, 53, 54, 61, 74, 130, 131, 161, 221
- zero-anaphora passive 17, 21
- zero-coded214
- zero-coding of referents223
- Zipf, G. 23, 26
- Zuberbühler, K.212
- Zubin, D.74
