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Article In: Writing/Reading Interface
Edited by Terry Joyce and Constanze Weth
[Written Language & Literacy 28:1] 2025
► pp. 85–117

Syntactic markers and syntactic spelling

The noun phrase in German and French

 | University of Luxembourg
 | Universität Potsdam
This content is being prepared for publication; it may be subject to changes.
Abstract
In this paper, we first summarize the results of studies that have investigated the acquisition, reading, and spelling of noun phrases (NPs) in German and French. Then, we present the assumptions made in those studies. In the main part of the paper, we provide a detailed comparison of German and French noun phrases. There are numerous differences that have never been discussed in this context before; for example, the behavior of articles in German and French and the consequences for graphematic representation, such as sentence-internal capitalization in German.
Article outline
  • 1.Disentangling syntax and spelling within empirical studies of syntactic spelling
  • 2.Grammatical comparisons: NP structures in French and German
    • 2.1Articles and article-like usage in German and French: NP markers
      • 2.1.1The proximity of articles and nouns
      • 2.1.2Presence (or absence) of an article
    • 2.2The inflections of the different components of NPs
      • 2.2.1The inflections and word-form of articles
      • 2.2.2The inflections and word-form of nouns
      • 2.2.3The inflections and word-form of adjectives
    • 2.3The interplay between graphemic forms and grammatical information
  • 3.The roles of nominal syntactic markers within the French and German graphematic systems
    • 3.1Written inflections
      • 3.1.1The inflectional morphology of written French
      • 3.1.2The inflectional morphology of written German
      • 3.1.3The inflections of adjectives in French and German
    • 3.2Stem constancy in German and heterography in French
    • 3.3The conjunctive and disjunctive spellings of compounds in German and French
    • 3.4Capital spelling as a syntactic marker in German versus indexing as reference in French
  • 4.Discussion
  • Acknowledgments
  • Notes
  • Author queries
  • References
References (110)
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