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In:Bermudian English: A sociohistorical and linguistic profile
Nicole Eberle
[Varieties of English Around the World G64] 2021
► pp. v–vi

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Published online: 12 May 2021

https://doi.org/10.1075/veaw.g64.toc

Table of contents

List of tables vii

List of figures xi

List of maps and pictures xiii

Acknowledgments xvii

1.Introduction 1

1.1Bermudian English as a blank spot: Existing research 2

1.2Research design and aims 6

2.The theoretical framework of Bermudian English as a contact-based variety 11

2.1Contact dialectology and dialects in contact 12

2.1.1Accommodation, its linguistic outcomes, and koinéization 13

2.1.2New-dialect formation models 17

2.2Beyond dialects in contact 24

2.2.1Universals and typologies of English(-based) varieties 24

2.2.2How to classify Bermudian English? 27

2.2.3Space, spatiality, migration and mobility 31

2.2.4The sociolinguistics of mobility 35

2.3Synthesis 37

3.Bermuda: 400 years of history 39

3.1The Bermudian social history: From shore to shore 39

3.1.1The beginnings of settlement and the early years 41

3.1.2Navigating the waters during Bermuda’s maritime age 48

3.1.3A new orientation in 19th-century Bermuda 55

3.1.420th-century Bermuda and the heyday of tourism 57

3.1.5A snapshot of contemporary life in Bermuda 59

3.2The Bermudian sociolinguistic situation 64

3.2.1The formation and historical development of Bermudian English 64

3.2.2The contemporary linguistic context of Bermudian English 70

4.Methodology and data 75

4.1Fieldwork methodology 75

4.2The corpus and potential caveats 78

5.Bermudian English morphosyntax: Qualitative and quantitative analyses 89

5.1A first descriptive profile of Bermudian English morphosyntax 89

5.1.1Noun phrase 90

5.1.2Adjective phrase 95

5.1.3Prepositional phrase 96

5.1.4Verb morphology and syntax 97

5.1.5First insights into Bermudian English morphosyntax 105

5.2Typological affiliations of Bermudian English: Cross-dialectal profiles 106

5.2.1Methodology 107

5.2.2Results and discussion of findings 114

5.3A variationist analysis of selected Bermudian English features 130

5.3.1Syllable-coda consonant cluster reduction 132

5.3.1.1Methodology 136

5.3.1.2Results and discussion of findings 140

5.3.2Past be leveling 154

5.3.2.1Methodology 160

5.3.2.2Results and discussion of findings 163

6.Conclusion 179

6.1The cross-dialectal profiles 179

6.2The feature analyses: Consonant cluster reduction and past be leveling 183

6.3Bermudian English: Not as blank a spot anymore 187

References 189

Primary data 189

Secondary sources 189

Appendices 203

Appendix 1.Informants 203

Appendix 2.Qualitative typological analysis 209

Appendix 3.Quantitative CCR results 220

Appendix 4.Quantitative past be leveling results 224

Index 229