Article published In: Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts
Vol. 4:2 (2018) ► pp.306–323
Calling for translation literacy
The use of covert translation in student academic writing in higher education
Published online: 26 April 2018
https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00014.kli
https://doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00014.kli
Abstract
When Danish university students write essays, project reports or theses in their L1, based on a reading of sources in English as an L2, a covert interlingual translation process takes place when summarizing, paraphrasing or synthesizing the sources. Unfortunately, due to poor L2 reading skills as well as general translation competences, the English source texts risk being mistranslated in such a way that they are misrepresented. Thus, I suggest that we address the need for translation literacy, this being viewed as an academic skill, a language awareness learning process and a discourse practice in the international university context, which is increasingly relying on research published in English.
Based on an empirical analysis of student academic writing, I argue that translation literacy is needed when teaching academic reading-for-writing in higher education in general. Mastering translation competences may facilitate more in-depth understanding of the foreign language sources used as well as raise students’ intercultural awareness in a multilingual world at large.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction: Key problems
- 2.Previous studies
- 3.Calling for translation literacy
- 3.1Literacy
- 4.Theoretical and methodological framework
- 4.1Translation in other learning contexts (TOLC)
- 4.2SLA studies: Reverse transfer
- 4.3Translation studies (TS)
- 5.The study
- 5.1The examples
- Examples of direct translation
- Examples of calque
- Example of condensation
- 5.1The examples
- 6.Conclusion
References
References (20)
Cook, Vivian. 2003. “Introduction: the Changing L1 in the L2 User’s Mind.” In Effects of the Second Language on the First, ed. by Vivian Cook, 1–17. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Council of Europe. 2001. Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Delabastita, Dirk. 1993. There’s a Double Tongue: An Investigation into the Translation of Shakespeare’s Wordplay, with Special Reference to ‘Hamlet’. Amsterdam: Editions Rodopi B.V.
González Davies, Maria. 2012. “The Role of Translation in Other Learning Contexts: Towards Acting Interculturally.” In Global Trends in Translator and Interpreter Training: Mediation and Culture, ed. by Séverine Hubscher-Davidson, and Michale Borodo, 160–179. London: Continuum.
. 2014. “Towards a Plurilingual Development Paradigm: From Spontaneous to Informed Use of Translation in Additional Language Learning.” The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 8 (1): 8–31.
Gottlieb, Henrik. 2005. “Anglicisms and Translation.” In In and out of English: For better, for worse?, ed. by Gunilla Anderman, and Margaret Rogers, 161–184. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Harris, Suzy. 2009. “Translation, Internationalisation and the University.” London Review of Education 7 (1): 223–233.
Jakobson, Roman. 1959/2000. “On Linguistic Aspects of Translation.” Reprinted in The Translation Studies Reader, ed. by Lawrence Venuti, 113–118. London and New York: Routledge.
Jarvis, Scott, and Aneta Pavlenko. 2008. Crosslinguistic influence in language and cognition. London and New York: Routledge.
Kern, Richard G. 1994. “The Role of Mental Translation in Second Language Reading.” Studies in Second Language Acquisition 6 (4): 441–61.
Klitgård, Ida. 2015. “Using sources in English – Writing about them in Danish: In Search of Translation Literacy in Danish Academic Writing.” In Translating the Voices of Theory / La traduction des voix de la théorie, ed. by Isabelle Génin, and Ida Klitgård, 135–151. Special issue of Vita Traductiva: Éditions québécoises de l’oeuvre. Quebec: Canada.
Neubert, Albrecht. 1991. “Models of Translation.” In Empirical Research in Translation and Intercultural Studies, ed. by Sonja Tirkonnen-Condit, 17–26. Tübingen: Narr.
Pavlenko, Aneta. 2003. “‘I Feel Clumsy Speaking Russian’: L2 Influence on L1 in Narratives of Russian L2 Users of English.” In Effects of the Second Language on the First, ed. by Vivian Cook, 32–62. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Pennycook, Alastair. 2008. “English as a Language always in Translation.” European Journal of English Studies 12 (1): 33–47.
Schjoldager, Anne, Henrik Gottlieb, and Ida Klitgård. 2010. Understanding Translation. Aarhus: Academica/Hans Reitzels Forlag.
Stathopoulou, Maria. 2015. Cross-language Mediation in Foreign Language Teaching and Testing. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
UNESCO. 2004. “The Plurality of Literacy – and its Implications for Policies and Programmes.” Education Sector Position Paper 131. [URL]
. 2006. “Understandings of Literacy.” In Education for All Global Monitoring Report, 147–159. [URL]
Vinay, Jean-Paul, and Jean Darbelnet. 1958/2000. “A Methodology for Translation.” Reprinted in The Translation Studies Reader, ed. by Lawrence Venuti, 84–93. London and New York: Routledge.
Wills, Wolfram. 1994. “A Framework for Decision-Making in Translation.” Target 61: 131–150.
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 21 november 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
