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In:Similative and Equative Constructions: A cross-linguistic perspective
Edited by Yvonne Treis and Martine Vanhove
[Typological Studies in Language 117] 2017
► pp. 259–290

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Chapter 10
Similarity, equality and the like in North Saami

Published online: 31 May 2017
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/tsl.117.11yli
Abstract
The paper discusses various linguistic expressions of similarity, equality and related meanings in North Saami, the major language of the westernmost branch of the Uralic language family. In addition to function-based synchronic description of similatives, equatives and functives (role phrases), the paper also discusses certain on-going language changes due to both external influences and language-internal development. Special attention is given to the use of the postposition láhkai ‘like; in the manner of’ and its development to a marker of a non-finite verb form in -nláhkai expressing not only similarity, but also purpose and at times even future events. As regards other parts of speech, it is proposed that a limited set of North Saami adjectives that refer to measurable physical properties such as size, weight, depth and strength have specialized equative forms on a par with the positive, comparative and superlative degrees. The analysis of similarity at phrase and clause levels is further extended to the derivational suffix ‑lágan that is used to turn both nouns and adjectives into ‘-like’ or ‘-ish’ adjectives and ultimately into semantically analogous ‘kind of’ or ‘-oid’ nouns.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.North Saami in its geographical and historical context
  • 3.Similarity, equality and related meanings in North Saami
    • 3.1Similative phrases
    • 3.2Similatives and functives
    • 3.3Comparison of equality and inequality
    • 3.4Similative clauses
    • 3.5Similes and accord clauses
    • 3.6Simulative clauses
  • 4.Purposive and future meanings of láhkai and the non-finite in -nláhkai
  • 5.Similative adjectives and nouns
    • 5.1Similative adjectives
    • 5.2Similative nouns
  • 6.Discussion and conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • Abbreviations
  • Corpus
  • References
References (30)
Corpus
SIKOR = SIKOR. UiT The Arctic University of Norway and the Norwegian Saami Parliament’s Saami text collection. <[URL]>
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