In:Humour in Self-Translation
Edited by Margherita Dore
[Topics in Humor Research 11] 2022
► pp. 63–86
Chapter 4From traduttore, traditore to traduttore, creatore
Creative subversion in the self-translations of Ha Jin and Pai Hsien-yung
Published online: 13 October 2022
https://doi.org/10.1075/thr.11.04fri
https://doi.org/10.1075/thr.11.04fri
Abstract
This paper presents cases of un-translation, substitution, and creative augmentation in the self-translated English-Mandarin short stories of Ha Jin and Pai Hsien-yung, ultimately problematizing the un-translatability of humour in literary (self-)translation. Ha Jin (1956–) augments the Chinese language translated text of his short stories “In the Crossfire/Liang Mian Jia Gong 两面夹攻” and “A Good Fall”/落地 Luo di from his 2010 anthology A Good Fall by adding wordplay, aphorisms, and other splashes of creative humour not present in the English language source text. In the English translation of his short story “A Sky Full of Bright, Twinkling Stars/Man tian li liang jingjing de xingxing 满天里亮晶晶的星星” from his self-translated anthology Taipei People/Taibei Ren (1971), Pai Hsien-yung (1937–) translates character names phonetically to preserve the source text puns, and domesticates the source text for the English-speaking readership by dividing long, cascading sentences into short staccato phrases. Through these case studies of creative subversion in self-translation, I argue that self-translators destabilise their source texts and invite the possibility for innumerable possible translated iterations.
Keywords: self-translation, Ha Jin, Pai Hsien-yung, Taipei People, A Good Fall, creative subversion
Article outline
- 1.Preliminary remarks
- 2.Conceptualising self-translation
- 3.Ha Jin’s “In the Crossfire” and “A Good Fall”
- 3.1“In the Crossfire”
- 3.2“A Good Fall”
- 4.Pai Hsien-yung’s “A sky full of bright, twinkling stars” Man tian li liang jingjing de xingxing (满天里亮晶晶的星星)
- 5.Recapitulation and conclusions
Acknowledgements Notes References
References (57)
Alibraham, Bashair and Sinan Antoon. (2020). A Barbarian in Rome, On Writing and Translating Between Two Literatures: A Conversation with Sinan Antoon. In Ruth Abou Rached, Edmund Chapman, David Charlston, Kelly Pasmatzi, M. Zain Sulaiman & Marija Todorova (Eds.) Rethinking (Self-)Translation in (Trans)national Contexts. Special Issue of New Voices in Translation Studies 22, 1–18.
Bolonik, Kara and Ha Jin. (2009). Next Stop: Main Street. New York Magazine. [URL]. (accessed: 21/06/2021).
Borges, Jorge Luis. (1998). “Pierre Menard, Author of the Quixote.” In Collected Fictions. Trans. Andrew Hurley. New York: Penguin, 1998.
. (2001). The Total Library: Non-fiction 1922 1986. E. Allen, Suzanne Jill Levine and Eliot Weinberger (Trans.) London: Penguin.
Chang, Sung-sheng Yvonne, Michelle Yeh, and Ming-ju Fan (Eds.). (2014). The Columbia Sourcebook of Literary Taiwan. New York: Columbia University Press.
Chiaro, Delia. (1992). The Language of Jokes. Analysing Verbal Play, London and New York, Routledge.
. (2000). Servizio complete? On the (un)translatability of puns on screen. In Rosa Maria Bollettieri Bosinelli, Christine Heiss, Marcello Soffriti and Silvia Bernardini (Eds.), La traduzione multimediale: Quale traduzione per quale testo? Bologna: CLUEB, 27–42.
. (2005). Foreword: Verbally Expressed Humor and Translation: An Overview of a Neglected Field. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 18(2), 135–145.
Dasilva, Xosé Manuel. (2009). Autotraducirse en Galicia: ¿bilingüismo o diglosia?” [“Self-translating in Galicia: Bilingualism or Diglossia?”], Quaderns, 16, 143–156
. (2011). “La autotraducción transparente y la autotraducción opaca” [“Transparent self-translation and opaque self- translation”] in Xosé Manuel Dasilva and Helena Tanqueiro (eds.), Aproximaciones a la autotraducción, Vigo: Editorial Academia del Hispnismo.
Delabastita, Dirk. (1993). There’s a Double Tongue: An Investigation into the Translation of Shakespeare’s Wordplay, with Special Reference to ‘Hamlet’. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
. (1997). Introduction. In Dirk Delabastita (Ed.), Traductio: Essays on Punning and Translation. Special Issue of Target 12 (1), 161–166.
. (2002). A Great Feast of Languages: Shakespeare’s Multilingual Comedy in King Henry V and the Translator The Translator, 8(2), 303–40.
Denton, John. (1996): A Brief Recollection. The University of Texas at Austin: Department of Germanic Studies. [URL]. (accessed: 13/06/2021).
DiBattista, Maria, and Emily Ondine Wittman. (2014). The Cambridge Companion to Autobiography. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Dore, Margherita. (2019). Humour in Audiovisual Translation. Theories and Applications. New York and London: Routledge.
Fitch, Brian T. (1985). The Status of Self-Translation. Texte: Revue de Critique et de Théorie Littéraire 4: 11–25.
Galatians 5:2. (2001). The New Oxford Annotated Bible: With the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books, New Revised Standard Version. Michael D. Coogan (Ed). New York: Oxford University Press.
GoGwilt, Chris and Ha Jin. An Interview with Ha Jin. Guernica Magazine. [URL]. (accessed: 19/02/2022).
Gong, Haomin. (2014). Language, Migrancy, and the Literal: Ha Jin’s Translation Literature. Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies 40 (1), 147–167.
Grutman, Rainier. (1998). Auto-translation. In Mona Baker (Ed.), Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. London and New York: Routledge, 17–20.
. (2009). Self-translation. In Mona Baker and Gabriela Saldanha (Eds.). Routledge Encyclopaedia of Translation Studies. London: Routledge, 257–260.
Jin, Ha. (2008). The Writer as Migrant. Chicago: University of Chicago Press (The Rice University Campbell Lectures).
Jin, Ha and Sara Fay. (2009). The Art of Fiction No. 202. The Paris Review 191. [URL]
Kristal, Efrain. Invisible Work: Borges and Translation. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 2002.
Hokenson, Jan and Marcella Munson. (2007). The Bilingual Text: History and Theory of Literary Self-translation. Manchester, UK: St. Jerome Publishing.
Jung, Verena. (2002). English-German Self-Translation of Academic Texts and its Relevance for Translation Theory and Practice. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
Kant, Immanuel. (1993). Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing, 422.
Klimkiewicz, Aurelia. (2013). Self-translation as Broken Narrativity: Towards an Understanding of the Self’s Multilingual Dialogue. In Anthony Cordingley (Ed.) Self-Translation. Brokering Originality in Hybrid Culture. London, New York: Bloomsbury Publishing, 189–201.
Levine, Suzanne Jill. (2009). The Subversive Scribe: Translating Latin American Fiction. Dalkey Archive Press.
Marinetti, Cristina. (2005). The Limits of the Playtext: Translating Comedy. New Voices in Translation Studies 1, 31–42.
Molina, Lucía and Amparo Hurtado Albir. (2002). Translation Techniques Revisited: A Dynamic and Functionalist Approach. Meta: Translators’ Journal, 47(4), 498–512. [URL]
Nölken, Stina J. (2020). Queer Multilingualism and Self-Translating the Queer Subject in Klaus Mann’s The Turning Point (1942) and Der Wendepunkt (1952). New Voices in Translation Studies, 22, 66–94.
Noonan, Will. (2013). Self-translation, Self-reflection, Self-derision: Samuel Beckett’s Bilingual Humor. Self-Translation: Brokering Originality in Hybrid Culture. New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 159–76.
Pai Hsien-yung. (2000). Taipei Ren/Taipei People (Chinese-English Bilingual Edition). Pai Hsien-yung and Patia Yasin (Trans.) and George Kao (Ed.), Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press.
. (2011). The Joys and Challenges of Translation: Crafting the Chinese/English Bilingual Edition of Taipei People. Fanyi ku, fanyi le: Taibeiren zhongying duizhaoben de lailong qumai/翻译苦,翻译 乐:《台北人》中英对照本的来龙去脉. United Daily News (UDN).
Palladino, DJ. (2006). Peony Dreams: Best-Selling Chinese Author Brings a Kunqu Classic to His Hometown. Santa Barbara Independent. [URL]. (Accessed: 30/04/2021).
Palmieri, Giacinto. (2017). Oral Self-Translation of Stand-up Comedy and its (Mental) Text: A Theoretical Model. Humor, 30(2), 193–210.
. (2018). Self-translation and Orality: The Case of Bilingual Standup Comedy. Perspectives, 26(3), 422–434.
Rutter, Jason. (1997). Stand-up as Interaction: Performance and Audience in Comedy Venues. University of Salford. [PhD dissertation].
de Saussure, Ferdinand. (1966). Course in General Linguistics. Wade Baskin (Trans.), Charles Bally and Albert Sechehaye (Eds.). New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 74–75.
Sebag-Montefiore, Clarissa. (2015). Dissident Author Ha Ji on Life in Bos. ton and Exile from China. The Financial Times Limited. [URL]. (accessed: 15/02/2022).
Shi, Flair Donglai. (2017). Coming out of History and Coming Home: Ho mosexual Identification in Pai Hsien-Yung’s: ‘Crystal Boys.’ Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews (CLEAR), 39, 135–52.
Shih, Shu-mei. (2019). Racializing Area Studies, Defetishizing China. Positions: Asia Critique, 27(1), 33–65.
Shuttleworth, Mark, and Moira Cowie. (2004). Dictionary of Translation Studies. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
Stella, Elena. (2020). Self-Translation in Spain between Visibility and Invisibility. New Voices in Translation Studies, 22, 6.
Sturr, Robert. (2004). Ha Jin. In Lisa Abney and Suzanne Disheroon Green (Eds.) Twenty-First-Century American Novelists, 292. New York: Gale, 187–193.
