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Article published In: Food and terminology: Expressing sensory experience in several languages
Edited by Rita Temmerman and Danièle Dubois
[Terminology 23:1] 2017
► pp. 38–65

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Multifaceted gustation

Systematicity and productivity of taste terms in Korean

 | Hankuk University of Foreign Studies |
 | Sangmyung University |
Published online: 10 November 2017
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/term.23.1.02rhe
Korean has a large number of taste terms and the paradigm is continuously expanding since the lexicalization operates systematically on a few robust principles. Based on the taste terms collected from lexicons, dictionaries, web-postings, and elsewhere, we classified the terms and analyzed the lexicalization patterns. In addition to the widely-known five classes of tastes, i.e., sweet, salty, sour, bitter and umami, Korean has three more classes in the basic category, i.e., pungent, fishy and bland. A large number of tactile sensory words to describe the touch sensations in the mouth at the tasting event and expressions denoting characteristic food texture and mastication also join in creating a rich taste vocabulary. The Korean taste lexicalization system is equipped with the means to signal diverse aspects of gustatory sensation, i.e., intensity, depth, purity and duration. Among such means are vowel polarity, consonantal sound symbolism, reduplication and onomatopoeia. The systematicity of taste lexicalization contributes to the plasticity of the paradigm, making the Korean taste vocabulary one of the most productive and elaborate paradigms.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Preliminaries
    • 2.1Vowel polarity
    • 2.2Consonantal sound symbolism
    • 2.3Ideophones and reduplication
  • 3.Lexicalization patterns of taste terms
    • 3.1Primary taste category
    • 3.2Extended taste category
    • 3.3Intensity, depth, purity & duration of gustatory sensation
    • 3.4Food texture & mastication
    • 3.5Extension to olfactory sensations
    • 3.6Evaluative viewpoints
  • 4.Discussion
    • 4.1Iconicity
    • 4.2Synesthesia
    • 4.3Attitudinal stance
    • 4.4Productivity and novel coinage
  • 5.Summary and conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
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