Article published In: Translation, Cognition & Behavior
Vol. 5:2 (2022) ► pp.165–186
When and how to revise?
Building a cognitive dyad of translator and reviser through workflow adjustment
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.
For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at rights@benjamins.nl.
This article was made Open Access under a CC BY 4.0 license through payment of an APC by or on behalf of the author.
Published online: 20 January 2023
https://doi.org/10.1075/tcb.00071.kor
https://doi.org/10.1075/tcb.00071.kor
Abstract
The translation production team that consists of a translator and a reviser can be investigated as a specific kind of (sub)system of socially distributed cognition, a cognitive dyad; this system is defined as only including the translation professionals who are directly involved in the drafting of the translation. Based on interviews with translation professionals, I argue that this fine-tuned cognitive dyad gets its form not only as a result of its participants’ characteristics, but also under the influence of other factors, some of which vary from one project to the next, leading to the flexible formation of the reviser’s task in particular. The three most important project-specific influencing factors are the text genre, the translator’s experience and competence, and the client’s needs and requirements. While genre and the client’s needs and requirements seem to have a markedly similar impact, mainly influencing the internal task configuration of the cognitive dyad, the translator’s experience and competence often leads to non-revision. Trust is an important element in this process.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 1.1Revision practices and procedures of LSPs
- 1.2Distributed cognition
- 1.2.1Extended and distributed cognition in cognitive science
- 1.2.2Distributed cognition in translation studies
- 2.Data and methods
- 3.Results: Forming a cognitive dyad under the influence of project-specific factors
- 3.1Text genre
- 3.2Experience and competence of the selected translator
- 3.3Client’s needs and requirements
- 4.Discussion: A complex network of factors requires flexibility
- 5.Conclusion
- Notes
References
References (32)
Abdallah, Kristiina. 2012. Translators in Production Networks: Reflections on agency, quality and ethics. Joensuu: University of Eastern Finland. [URL]
Abdallah, Kristiina, and Kaisa Koskinen. 2007. “Managing Trust: Translating and the network economy”. Meta, 52 (4): 673–687.
Alfer, Alexa. 2017. “Entering the Translab: Translation as collaboration, collaboration as translation, and the third space of ‘translaboration’”. Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 3 (3): 275–290.
Brunette, Louise, Chantal Gagnon & Jonathan Hine. 2005. “The GREVIS Project: Revise or court calamity”. Across Languages and Cultures 6 (1): 29–45.
Chesterman, Andrew. 1997. Memes of Translation: The spread of ideas in translation theory. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Dawson, Michael R. W. 2013. Mind, Body, World: Foundations of cognitive science. Edmonton: Athabasca University Press.
Gallotti, Mattia, and Chris D. Frith. 2017. “Social Cognition in the We-Mode”. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 17 (4): 160–165.
Hernández Morin, Katell. 2009a. La révision comme clé de la gestion de la qualité des traductions en contexte professionnel [Revision as a key to managing translation quality in a professional context]. Doctoral thesis, Université Rennes 2. [URL]
. 2009b. “Pratiques et perceptions de la révision en France [Practices and perceptions of revision in France]”. Traduire (Paris) 2111: 58–78.
Korhonen, Annamari. 2021. “From Language Check to Creative Editing: Exploring variation in the revision stage of the LSP workflow”. In Translation Revision and Post-Editing: Industry Practices and Cognitive Processes. Edited by Maarit Koponen, Brian Mossop, Isabelle S. Robert & Giovanna Scocchera, 131–147. Abingdon: Routledge.
Korhonen, Annamari & Maija Hirvonen. 2021. “Joint Creative Process in Translation: Socially distributed cognition in two production contexts”. Cognitive Linguistic Studies 8 (2): 251–276.
Krüger, Ralph. 2016. “Situated LSP Translation from a Cognitive Translational Perspective”. Lebende Sprachen 61 (2): 297–332.
Muñoz Martín, Ricardo. 2016. “Reembedding Translation Process Research: An Introduction”. In Reembedding Translation Process Research. Edited by Ricardo Muñoz Martín, 1–20. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
. 2017. “Looking toward the Future of Cognitive Translation Studies”. In The Handbook of Translation and Cognition. Edited by John W. Schwieter & Aline Ferreira, 555–572. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell.
. 2021. Situated cognition. In Handbook of Translation Studies, vol 51. Edited by Yves Gambier & Luc van Doorslaer, 207–212. John Benjamins.
Nurminen, Mary. 2020. “Raw Machine Translation Use by Patent Professionals: A case of distributed cognition”. Translation, Cognition & Behavior 3 (1): 100–121.
Perry, Mark. 1999. “The Application of Individually and Socially Distributed Cognition in Workplace Studies: Two peas in a pod?” Proceedings of European Conference on Cognitive Science, Siena, Italy: 87–92.
Pleijel, Richard. 2021. “Translation Teams as Cognitive Systems: Archival Material, Cognitive Artifacts, and Group-Level Cognitive Processes”. Cognitive Linguistic Studies 8 (2): 307–327.
Pym, Anthony. 2004. “Propositions on Cross-Cultural Communication and Translation. Target 16 (1): 1–28.
Rasmussen, Kirsten Wolch & Anne Schjoldager. 2011. “Revising Translations: A Survey of Revision Policies in Danish Translation Companies”. The Journal of Specialised Translation 151: 87–120. [URL]
Risku, Hanna. 2009. Translationsmanagement: Interkulturelle Fachkommunikation im Informationszeitalter [Translation management: Intercultural specialized communication in the information era]. 2nd ed. Tübingen: Gunter Narr.
. 2014. “Translation Process Research as Interaction Research: From mental to socio-cognitive processes”. In Minding Translation, ed. by Ricardo Muñoz Martín, special issue of MonTI. Monografías de Traducción e Interpretación: 331–353.
Risku, Hanna, and Regina Rogl. 2021. “Translation and Situated, Embodied, Distributed, Embedded and Extended Cognition”. In The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Cognition. Edited by Fábio Alves, and Arnt Lykke Jakobsen, 478–499. Abingdon: Routledge.
Risku, Hanna & Regina Rogl. 2022. “Praxis and Process Meet Halfway: The convergence of sociological and cognitive approaches in Translation Studies”. The International Journal for Translation and Interpreting Research 14 (2): 32–49.
Sannholm, Raphael. 2021. Translation, Teamwork, and Technology: The Use of Social and Material Scaffolds in the Translation Process. Stockholm: Stockholm University. [URL]
Schnierer, Madeleine. 2019. Qualitätssicherung. Die Praxis der Übersetzungsrevision im Zusammenhang mit EN 15038 und ISO 17100 [Quality assurance. The practice of translation revision in connection with EN 15038 and ISO 17100]. Berlin: Frank & Timme.
Uotila, Anna. 2017. Revision and Quality Assurance in Professional Translation: A Study of Revision Policies in Finnish Translation Companies. Master’s Thesis, University of Tampere. [URL]
Zwischenberger, Cornelia. 2020. “Translaboration: Exploring Collaboration in Translation and Translation in Collaboration”. Target 32 (2): 173–190.
Cited by (2)
Cited by two other publications
Korhonen, Annamari
2025. Revision files as cognitive ethnographic data. In Field Research on Translation and Interpreting [Benjamins Translation Library, 165], ► pp. 226 ff.
Riondel, Aurélien
2025. The translator–reviser relationship in specialised translation. Target. International Journal of Translation Studies
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 5 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
