How important is the way you say it?
A discussion on the translation of linguistic varieties
Published online: 16 December 2009
https://doi.org/10.1075/target.21.2.04pin
https://doi.org/10.1075/target.21.2.04pin
Discussions of translation often rely on the concept of meaning—not only the meaning of the words, but also the significance of the use of certain words in a certain text and context. Moreover, translation always involves a process of identifying the different components of the texts in order to establish a hierarchy of relevance of those elements (see Toury 1980: 38). The priority given to some elements to the detriment of others will have a decisive influence on the choice of certain strategies and the final outcome. The literary use of a dialect in literary texts seems to be a particularly good example of that balancing of meaning and prioritization of elements. Not only because of its very localised meaning (both in time and space), but also because it is always embedded in the source text with a communicative and semiotic significance. It can challenge the translator who, when faced with the impossibility of looking for referential equivalences and formal correspondences, is forced to decide on the importance and meaning of the use of a specific dialect in the text. That decision will define the strategies to be used, which can go from total normalization of the text to a recreation of a linguistic variety in the target text. The purpose of this article is threefold: To present for discussion a model summarising the strategies identified in a number of case-studies; to present and discuss the strategies identified in a corpus of 12 Portuguese translations of Bernard Shaw’s Pygmalion and Alan Jay Lerner’s My Fair Lady, as well as the contextual factors which might have influenced the translators’ choices; and to establish whether there are regularities in the associations between media ( translation for stage, page and screen) and strategies for dealing with non-standard language.
Résumé
Les discussions au sujet de la traduction se fondent souvent sur le concept de signification, non seulement en rapport avec la signification en termes de mots, mais également en rapport avec la signification de l’usage de mots particuliers en contexte et dans le texte. Il convient d’ajouter que toute traduction implique l’identification—en termes de processus—des différentes composantes du texte en vue d’établir leur pertinence de manière hiérarchique (voir Toury 1980 : 38). La priorité accordée à certains éléments particuliers au détriment des autres aura une influence décisive sur l’option pour des stratégies déterminées, et pour le résultat global et final. Le recours au dialecte—pour des motifs littéraires—dans les textes littéraires semble représenter un excellent exemple d’un tel équilibre entre signification et focalisation sur des éléments particuliers. Ce qui est en cause, outre sa position très spécifique (en termes de temps et d’espace), c’est l’inévitable position du dialecte dans le texte source, bref sa signification communicative et sémiotique. En l’occurrence, le dialecte est susceptible de représenter un défi pour le traducteur : dès qu’il se voit dans l’impossibilité de rechercher équivalence formelle ou équivalence formelle, il aura à décider sur l’usage et l’importance d’un dialecte donné dans un contexte donné. De telles options définiront la stratégie à choisir, de la normalisation totale du texte à la production créatrice de variations linguistiques dans le texte cible.
Le présent article a un triple objectif : 1° proposer la discussion d’un modèle qui synthétise les stratégies relevées dans un nombre donné d’études de cas ; 2° amener et discuter les stratégies détectées dans un corpus de 12 traductions portugaises du Pygmalion (Bernard Shaw) et de My Fair Lady (Alan Jay Lerner) ainsi que les facteurs contextuels susceptibles d’avoir inspiré les options traductives ; établir, finalement, dans quelle mesure des options données seraient à la base des connivences médiatiques (traduction pour la scène, pour la lecture, pour l’impression, pour l’écran) et des stratégies face à la langue non standardisée.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Linguistic varieties in literary texts
- 3.The model
- 4.The case study
- 5.The presence of linguistic variation in the source text
- 6.The target texts
- 7.Page translations
- 8.Stage translations
- 9.Screen translations
- 10.Discussion
- 10.1Normalization of the discourse
- 10.2Use of non-standard features
- 11.Conclusion and final remarks
- Notes
Bibliography References
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Corpus:
a. Source Texts:
b. Target Texts:
Book translations
Stage translations
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