A Theoretical Account of Translation - Without a Translation Theory
Published online: 1 January 1990
https://doi.org/10.1075/target.2.2.02gut
https://doi.org/10.1075/target.2.2.02gut
Abstract
This paper argues that the phenomenon commonly referred to as "translation" can be accounted for naturally within the relevance theory of communication developed by Sperber and Wilson: there is no need for a distinct general theory of translation. Most kinds of translation can be analysed as varieties of interpretive use. I distinguish direct from indirect translation. Direct translation corresponds to the idea that translation should convey the same meaning as the original. It requires the receptors to familiarise themselves with the context envisaged for the original text. The idea that the meaning of the original can be communicated to any receptor audience, no matter how different their background, is shown to be a misconception based on mistaken assumptions about communication. Indirect translation involves looser degrees of resemblance. Direct translation is merely a special case of interpretive use, whereas indirect translation is the general case. In all cases the success of the translation depends on how well it meets the basic criterion for all human communication, which is consistency with the principle of relevance. Thus the different varieties of translation can be accounted for without recourse to typologies of texts, translations, functions or the like.
Résumé
Cet article veut rendre compte du phénomène communément appelé "traduction", en le rapportant à la théorie de la communication pertinente mise au point par Sperber et Wilson, sans faire appel à une théorie générale de la traduction. La plupart des types de traduction peuvent s'analyser en tant que variétés d'un usage interprétatif. La traduction directe est distincte de la traduction indirecte; elle répond à Vidée que la traduction doit avoir la même signification que l'original, et appelle les récepteurs à se familiariser avec le contexte de ce dernier. Que la signification puisse être transmise à toutes les audiences, dont les arrière-plans sont souvent très différents, apparaît comme une méprise fondée sur une conception abusive de la communication. La traduction indirecte entraîne un degré moins élevé de ressemblance. Elle s'impose comme la règle générale, alors que la traduction directe est un cas particulier d'usage interprétatif. Dans tous les cas, le succès de la traduction dépend de ses aptitudes à respecter le critère fondamental de toute communication humaine: le lien avec le principe de la pertinence. Ainsi, les variétés traductives s'expliquent sans recours à des typologies de textes, de traductions ou de fonctions.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.The Framework
- 3."Incidental" Translation
- 4.Conveying the Original Message
- 5.Translation as Interpretive Use
- 6.Translating Communicative Clues
- 7.Translation, Faithfulness and Successful Communication
- 8.On the Limits of Direct Translation
- 9.Conclusion
- Notes
References
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