Article published In: Heterolingualism in/and Translation
Edited by Reine Meylaerts
[Target 18:1] 2006
► pp. 121–137
Language politics, translation, and American literary history
Published online: 5 December 2006
https://doi.org/10.1075/target.18.1.07boy
https://doi.org/10.1075/target.18.1.07boy
The article deals with the problem of linguistic alterity in American literary histories. The debate over the ‘foreignness’ or the ‘domesticity’ of a text or translation is usually conducted in a rather polarizing fashion, as in the case of Venuti, Lawrence. 1995. The translator’s invisibility: A history of translation. London/New York: Routledge. . Venuti’s conceptual framework fails to provide adequate criteria for differentiating domesticating and foreignizing translation strategies, which easily results in inflated claims about the linguistic hegemony of the Anglo-American world. In reaction to this, the article reconceptualizes the two translation strategies as part of the paradoxical internal logic of culture in order to highlight how every culture is continually in the process of (re-)translating itself. Therefore, the analysis is broadened to include the domesticating aspects of the foreignizing strategy, and vice versa, the foreignizing potential of domesticating translations. The domestication of the foreign is evident in the ambiguous inclusion of non-English or bilingual texts in American literary histories. The foreignization of the domestic, by contrast, appears from a persistent tendency on the part of literary historians to describe their forerunners or competitors as excessively Anglo- or Eurocentric. Through this reflexive application of Venuti’s strategies, the article draws attention to the paradoxical togetherness of the foreign and the domestic inside American literary culture.
Résumé
Cet article traite du problème de l’altérité linguistique dans les histoires littéraires américaines. Le débat concernant ‘l’altérité’ ou la ‘familiarité’ d’un texte ou d’une traduction est d’habitude mené en termes polarisants, comme c’est le cas de Venuti, Lawrence. 1995. The translator’s invisibility: A history of translation. London/New York: Routledge. . Le cadre conceptuel de Venuti ne propose pas de critères adéquats pour différencier des stratégies de traduction ‘ethnocentriques’ et ‘exocentriques’ et donne lieu à des assertions exagérées concernant l’hégémonie linguistique du monde anglo-saxon. Le présent article reconceptualise les deux stratégies comme faisant partie de la logique paradoxale des cultures et démontre comment toute culture se (re)traduit continuellement. Par conséquent, il faut analyser le caractère ‘ethnocentrique’ des stratégies d’altérité, et vice versa, le potentiel d’altérité des traductions ethnocentriques. La domestication de l’altérité est illustrée par l’inclusion camouflée de textes non anglais ou bilingues dans les histoires littéraires américaines. L’altérisation de la domesticité, par contre, se lit dans la caractérisation continuelle des prédécesseurs ou concurrents comme excessivement anglocentriques ou eurocentriques. A travers cette mise en œuvre critique des stratégies de Venuti, l’article attire l’attention sur la co-présence paradoxale de l’altérité et de la familiarité à l’intérieur de la culture littéraire américaine.
Article outline
- 0.Introduction
- 1.Paradoxes of culture
- 2.Domesticating the foreign
- 3.Foreignizing the domestic
- 4.Conclusion
- Notes
References
References (27)
Baym, Nina. 1989. “Early histories of American literature: A chapter in the institution of New England”. American literary history 1:3. 459–488.
Duyckinck, Evert A. and George L. Duyckinck. 1855. Cyclopaedia of American literature. 21 vols. New York: Charles Scribner.
Faust, Albert B. 1921. “Non-English writings I. 1. German”. William Peterfield Trent, ed. Cambridge history of American literature. 3rd vol. Cambridge/ New York: Cambridge University Press and Macmillan Company, 1921. 572–590.
Gonzalez, Cristina. 1996. “Spanish is not a foreign language”. Publications of the modern language association 111:3. 475–476.
Luhmann, Niklas and Eva Knodt. 1995. Social systems. tr. John Jr. Bednarz and Dirk Baecker. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
McQuade, Donald. 1988. “Intellectual life and public discourse”. Emory Elliot, gen. ed. Columbia literary history of the United States. Columbia: Columbia University Press, 1988. 715–732.
Matthews, Brander. 1896. An Introduction to the Study of American literature. New York: American Book Company.
Matthiessen, F.O. 1941. American renaissance: Art and expression in the age of Emerson and Whitman. London: Oxford University Press.
Messmer, Marietta. 2003. “Toward a declaration of interdependence; or, interrogating the boundaries in twentieth-century histories of North American literature”. Publications of the modern language association 118:1. 41–55.
Pease, Donald. 1990. “New Americanists: Revisionist interventions into the canon”. Boundary 2 17:1. 1–37.
Richardson, Charles Francis. 1891. American literature 1607–1885. New York; London: Putnam/ The Nickerbocker Press.
Saldívar, José David. 1991. The dialectics of our America: Genealogy, cultural critique, and literary history. Durham: Duke University Press.
Schleiermacher, Friedrich. 1838. “Über die verschiedenen Methoden des Übersetzens”.Sämmtliche Werke: Dritte Abteilung (Zur Philosophie). 2nd vol. Berlin: Georg Reimer.
. 1907–1908. The reminiscences of Carl Schurz. 31 vols. New York: McClure. Vol. 31 includes a “Sketch of Carl Schurz’s political carreer, 1869–1906” by Frederic Bancroft and William A. Dunning.
Sollors, Werner. 1997. “For a multilingual turn in American Studies”. American Studies association newsletter 20:2.
Cited by (4)
Cited by four other publications
Huang, Qin & Xiaoli Liu
2017. Seruya, Teresa, and Justo, (eds) (2016). Rereading Schleiermacher: Translation, Cognition and Culture
. Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 63:2 ► pp. 285 ff.
Huang, Qin & Xiaoli Liu
2017. Seruya, Teresa, and Justo, (eds) (2016). Rereading Schleiermacher: Translation, Cognition and Culture
. Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 63:2 ► pp. 285 ff.
Ožbot, Martina
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 4 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
