In:The Mysterious Address Term anata 'you' in Japanese
Yoko Yonezawa
[Topics in Address Research 4] 2021
► pp. vii–x
Get fulltext
This article is available free of charge.
Published online: 26 October 2021
https://doi.org/10.1075/tar.4.toc
https://doi.org/10.1075/tar.4.toc
Table of contents
AcknowledgementsXI
AbbreviationsXIII
List of figuresXV
List of tablesXVII
Chapter 1.Introduction1
1.1The mystery of the address pronoun anata ‘you’1
1.2Scope, methodology, and data8
1.2.1Scope8
1.2.2Methodology11
1.2.3Data12
1.3Issues in existing approaches to the address pronoun anata19
1.3.1The formality ranking-based approach19
1.3.2The sociolinguistic approach22
1.3.3The deixis-based approach25
1.3.4The cognitive approach28
1.3.5Summary and filling the gaps revealed in the previous literature31
1.4Organization of the study35
Chapter 2.The history of anata, person reference terms in Japanese, and social norms in Japanese communication37
2.1Introduction37
2.2The history of anata37
2.3Person reference terms in Japanese45
2.4Social norms in Japanese communication54
2.4.1The issue of ‘cultures’55
2.4.2Personhood in Japanese communication56
2.4.3A deeper look into vertical relationships in Japan60
2.4.4Politeness in Japanese communication62
2.5Summary66
Chapter 3.The perceptions of native speakers67
3.1Introduction67
3.2The survey68
3.2.1Aims of the survey68
3.2.2Participants68
3.2.3Methods of data collection69
3.3Results72
3.3.1The use of anata toward a superior72
3.3.2The use of anata toward an inferior73
3.3.3The use of anata toward an equal75
3.4Reasons for the avoidance of anata75
3.4.1Toward a superior76
3.4.2Toward an inferior77
3.4.3Toward an equal78
3.5Situational dimensions81
3.5.1Toward a superior82
3.5.2Toward an inferior84
3.5.3Toward an equal86
3.6Summary89
Chapter 4.Absolute specification in a socially undefinable relationship91
4.1Introduction91
4.2Referring to a general audience92
4.3Generic and ‘vague’ uses of anata94
4.4Referring to a collective entity105
4.5Referring to a depersonalized addressee108
4.6Referring to an unfamiliar addressee114
4.7Summary115
Chapter 5.Absolute specification in a socially definable relationship117
5.1Introduction117
5.2The use of anata to reject a given social relationship118
5.2.1The case of a contractual relationship118
5.2.2The case of a kin relationship121
5.2.3The case of parliamentary debate129
5.2.4The case of jocular utterances135
5.3The use of anata to refer to an addressee’s core self137
5.3.1The case of conveying a sincere message137
5.3.2The case of giving advice141
5.4Summary143
Chapter 6.Ideology, identity, reflexive processes, and the use of anata145
6.1Introduction145
6.2Language policy, emerging egalitarianism, and the use of anata146
6.3Public debates about the use of anata153
6.3.1Emerging egalitarians vs. norm upholders153
6.3.2The impossibility of the symmetrical use of anata158
6.4A wife’s use of anata toward her husband160
6.5Summary170
Chapter 7.Conclusion171
References175
Resources191
Data sources193
Appendix195
Index201
