In:It’s not all about you: New perspectives on address research
Edited by Bettina Kluge and María Irene Moyna
[Topics in Address Research 1] 2019
► pp. 435–447
Index
Published online: 28 November 2019
https://doi.org/10.1075/tar.1.index
https://doi.org/10.1075/tar.1.index
A
- Abulhaija, Lutfi 28–29
- academic contexts 26, 29, 255–256, 264–266 ; See also English conference introductions
- accusative forms 145–149, 147f, 147t, 149f
- address avoidance
- Dutch 261–262, 263, 268
- emotion/attitude and32
- Finnish 102, 107, 113
- in marketing48
- pragmatics on4
- in service encounters111
- in translation 66, 68
- Uruguayan Spanish213
- address form identification2
- Address(ing) (Pro)Nouns: Sociolinguistics and Grammar of Terms of Address9
- Address in Intercultural Communication in Europe Today7
- Address in Some Western European Languages (RUMACCC)7
- address mixing184
- address researchSee also literature reviews
- address forms as diagnostic and257
- fragmentation in 5–6
- global network limitations10
- INAR bibliographies on 9–10, 47–48
- methodologies36
- venues for 6–9
- address switching
- Dutch270
- Early Modern English30
- Palenquero Creole 170–175, 181, 184
- radio270
- Russian31
- Spanish 50, 54–55, 90, 91, 94, 175n
- Vietnamese31
- address variation 2–3 ; See also address switching; nominal address; pronominal address; V to T address transitions
- Adler, Max K 26–27
- advertising 4, 29, 67–68
- affectionSee emotion/attitude; endearments; social closeness
- Afful, Joseph B.28
- age differences
- Colombian Spanish pronominal address and 82, 88–89
- Finnish public figure interactions and114
- honorifics and 411, 412
- introductions and 382–384, 383f, 383t, 388, 392–393
- Italian pronominal address transitions and 223, 227, 229–230, 229f, 237
- kinship terminology and 421, 422, 424n
- nominal masculine vocatives and367
- Slovak third person V address and131
- Uruguayan Spanish V form and 199, 205–206, 206t, 213–214
- Ajlouni, Mays Q 28–29
- Alba-Juez, Laura 357–358
- Almasov, Alexery31
- Amany, Farideh 33, 34
- American EnglishSee also American English informalization
- address vs. reference nominals in398
- familiarizers in 357, 360, 361, 363, 367, 369
- intimacy/distance in31
- introductions and 387, 388, 390, 391, 393
- T/V distinction and3
- American English informalization
400–412
- address vs. reference nominals398
- corpus for401
- meeting minutes as genre and 402–403, 404
- 1940s 403–404, 403t
- 1950s 405–407, 405t
- 1960s 407–408, 407t
- 1970s 408–409, 408t
- 1980s 410, 410t
- setting400
- Anchimbe, Eric 336, 337, 349
- Anderman, Gunilla M33
- Andersen, Henning356
- Angermeyer, Philipp67
- An Introduction to Sociolinguistics (Wardhaugh)27
- appellatives
- in presidential election debates 315–317, 324–325, 324t
- translation and 55, 56
- archaic terms of address 61–62
- Ardiente Paciencia (Skármeta) 54–55
- asylum hearings 66–67
- asymmetric address
- Cameroon French 346, 347, 348
- Dutch264n
- Italian225
- Spanish 54, 64, 171, 193
- translation of 53–55, 64, 65
- audienceSee mass media audiences
- audiovisual translation 48, 49–51, 62–66
- Australian English
- familiarizers in 30, 358
- introductions in 387, 388, 390, 391
- Austro-Hungarian Empire128
- avoidanceSee address avoidance
B
- bae (North American English)368nn
- Baker, Mona51
- Bala, Madhu27
- Baron, Naomi26
- Bashir, Abeer28
- Bates, Elizabeth 27, 223–224, 225
- Bednjanec, Katarina29
- Beidelman, Thomas O.26
- Bella, Spyridoula346
- Benigni, Laura 27, 223–224, 225
- Berger, Tilman 48, 51, 52
- Bertolotti, Virginia194
- Bible translation 69–70
- Billmyer, Kristine103
- Birošcáková, Miroslava132
- Blas Arroyo, José Luis312
- Bloch, Maurice26
- Blum-Kulka, Shoshana103
- BPSee Brazilian Portuguese; Brazilian Portuguese pronominal address evolution
- brah/bruh (North American English) 359, 363, 367–368
- Braun, Friederike 7, 26–27, 29
- Brazilian Portuguese (BP)See also Brazilian Portuguese pronominal address evolution
- literature review 8–9
- topicalization 165–166
- translation of53
- Brazilian Portuguese pronominal address evolution
141–158
- accusative forms 145–149, 147f, 147t, 149f
- conclusions 156–158, 157t
- dative forms 149–152, 150t, 151f, 152f
- genitive forms 154–156, 155f, 155t, 156f
- methodology 142–143, 143t
- oblique forms 152–154, 153f, 153t, 154f
- regional variations141
- subject forms 143–145, 144f
- British English 357–358, 391
- brocatives 357–359 ; See also Canadian English nominal masculine vocatives
- bro (North American English) 359, 363
- Brown, Dan 59–61
- Brown, Penelope 24, 26–27, 34
- Brown, Roger W. 3, 24, 25, 27, 28, 31, 56, 253, 397, 399
- Brusciotto, Giacinto182
- Bühler, Karl317
- Bull, Peter309
- Burger, John D.89
- Burt, Susan Meredith392
- business contexts 26, 29, 255–256, 262–263
- Buu, Khai26
C
- Calderón Campos, Miguel 85–86
- calques 125, 126, 127, 129–130, 428
- camaraderie politeness 398, 399–400, 410, 411
- Cameroon French nominal address
335–351
- condolences 349–350, 350t
- endearments 343–344, 346, 348–349
- friendship terms 343–344
- Hexagonal French and 335–336
- honorifics 341, 346, 347
- in invitation refusals 348–349, 348t, 349t
- in invitations 346–348, 346t, 347t
- kinship terminology 339–341, 345–346
- methodology 338–339
- occupational titles 341–343
- service encounters 345–349
- social titles344
- Canadian English nominal masculine vocatives
355–356, 357–370
- dude vs. man367
- F-F interactions 365–366, 365f
- F-M interactions 366, 366f
- gender and 367, 368
- methodology 360–362
- M-F interactions 364, 365f
- M-M dyads 363–364, 364f
- overall distribution 362–363, 362f
- social/identity variables and 367–368
- speaker-addressee relationships and369
- Carbaugh, Donal377
- Caribbean Spanish
- Palenquero Creole and 161, 162, 164n, 165, 170–171, 175, 178–179, 180
- pronominal address evolution 175–176, 177–178, 180
- Casson, Ronald W.26
- Cavalcante, Silvia R. 152–154
- celebritiesSee public figure studies
- Chao, Yuen R.25
- character limits 62, 77
- Chatelain, Emile24
- childrenSee kinship terminology; relatives, address for
- Chilean Spanish53
- Citroën68
- class differences
- Italian pronominal address transitions and 223–224
- pronominal differentiation and 81, 88, 139
- third person V address and 130, 130–131n
- Uruguayan Spanish V form and 197, 199
- cliticsSee also Brazilian Portuguese pronominal address evolution
- Mongolian 416, 418, 419, 422–423
- Palenquero Creole 164, 167, 168
- Spanish 281n, 287–288, 289, 290, 296, 297, 311n, 316, 317
- closenessSee social closeness
- closures268
- Clyne, Michael 7, 28, 222, 253, 254, 256, 269, 399
- CMCSee Computer-Mediated Communication; social media
- Coca-Cola68
- Colombian Spanish pronominal address
- emotion/attitude and 87–88, 87f, 88f, 93, 94
- methodology 82–84
- overall dataset85f
- overview 79–82, 79t
- regional variations 80–82, 80f, 85–86, 86f
- social characteristics and 88–90, 89f
- common ground 237, 393 ; See also solidarity
- community interpreting66
- comparative perspectiveSee cross-linguistic comparison
- Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC)76See also email; social media
- discussion fora 4, 132, 133, 134, 256, 269n
- Conant, Francis P.26
- conative vocatives356
- condolences 349–350, 350t
- Congreso de Formas y Fórmulas de Tratamiento en el Mundo Hispánico y Luso-Brasileño / Congresso Formas e Fórmulas de Tratamento do Mundo Hispânico e Luso-brasileiro6
- construal roles 283, 300
- contraction166
- conversation analysis91
- conversation structure 172–173, 175
- Cook, Haruko M.27
- Cooke, Joseph R.26
- cool solidarity357
- Corpus Eletrônico de Documentos Históricos do Sertão8
- Corpus Histórico do Português Tycho Brahe8
- Corpus Interaccional del Español285
- Coseriu, Eugenio308n
- Costa Rican Spanish181n
- counterdiscourses411
- courtesy titlesSee honorifics
- court interpreting 66–67
- Creoles183See also Palenquero Creole
- cross-linguistic comparison
- Discourse Completion Tests for 103, 108, 108f
- International Network on Address Research9
- introductions and 390, 392
- kinship terminology26
- literature review 26, 32
- pragmatics and 4–5
- research networks focusing on 7, 8
- translation and 48–49
- T/V distinction and3
- variational pragmatics on378
- Cuban Spanish176
- cultural values 28, 33, 34, 103
- curse words 87, 88f
- customer/waiter relationships225
- Czech
- Jewish stereotypes134
- linguistic purism129
- onikání 126, 129, 132–135
- social history of 127–128
- Czechoslovakia128
- Czech Republic128
D
- Dabbaghi, Azizollah 33, 34
- Danish127
- Darbelnet, Jean34
- dative forms 149–152, 150t, 151f, 152f
- Da Vinci Code, The (Brown) 59–61
- Dawkins, Richard92
- de-conventionalization406
- DeepL48
- definiteness 416, 418
- de Oliveira, Sandie Michelle 255, 256, 257, 314n
- depersonalization55
- derogatory terms58See also curse words
- diachrony 24, 69–70 ; See also specific languages
- diminutives 56, 340, 343–344
- discontinuous subjects169
- Discourse Completion Tests (DCTs)100
- for Cameroon French nominal address338
- limitations of 103–104
- visual materials with 104–111, 116
- distance426See also intimacy/distance; speaker-addressee relationships
- distance politeness 398, 411
- domestication/alienation translation strategy 33, 51
- Don Quijote (Cervantes)69
- Downton Abbey 61–62
- dubbing 49, 64–66
- dude (American English) 357, 360, 361, 363, 367, 369
- Duranti, Alessandro27
- du-reform (Swedish)399
- Dutch 254–255, 254t ; See also Dutch address negotiations in email
- Dutch address negotiations in email
255–270
- avoidance 261–262, 263, 268
- email chain texts 273–279
- implicit 266–268
- jullie and 264–265, 267, 269
- literature review 255–259
- methodology 259–260, 260t
- T as opening gambit 265–266
- V as opening gambit 263–264
- Dynel, Marta 76, 78
E
- Early Modern English30
- Economidou-Kogetsidis, Maria29
- egalitarianism400
- Ehrismann, Gustav24
- Eisenstein, Jacob29
- ellipsis of terms of address36
- emailSee also Dutch address negotiations in email
- hybrid nature of 255, 257, 270
- literature review 29, 255–256
- politeness theory on29
- Emihovich, Catherine A.32
- emoticons78
- emotional capital30
- emotion/attitude
- address avoidance and32
- address switching and 30, 31, 50, 54–55, 91
- Colombian Spanish pronominal address and 87–88, 87f, 88f, 93, 94
- literature review 30–31
- topicalization and175
- tweet types and90
- endearments
- as alternative to pronominal address 51, 52
- Cameroon French 343–344, 346, 348–349
- nominal address categorization and56
- pronominal differentiation and91
- sociolinguistics on24
- translation and65
- on Twitter 87, 87f
- En Familia (Sánchez)194
- EnglishSee also American English; American English informalization; Australian English; British English; Canadian English nominal masculine vocatives; English conference introductions
- acquisition of10
- address as less prominent in 5–6, 33
- early 24, 30
- Early Modern30
- German translation from 52–53, 63–64
- kinship terminology59
- lack of pronomial T/V distinction in 25, 50–51, 376
- as lingua franca 5, 7, 10, 50, 376, 377, 386
- Mongolian calques from428
- neutral you5
- pluricentric nature of 376–377, 378, 392
- Russian translation from 67–68
- translation from Polish63
- English conference introductions
375–393
- age differences and 382–384, 383f, 383t, 388, 392–393
- complexity of 385–387
- country of origin and 381–382, 381t
- gender and389
- intercultural communications and 376–377
- methodology 378–380
- occupational titles and 386, 388
- personal names and 386, 387, 391
- relative status and 388–389, 392
- results overview380
- seniority/hierarchy and 388–389
- theoretical approach378
- Ensemble c’est tout (Gavalda)53
- Ervin-Tripp, Susan30
- Esmae’li, Saeedeh28
- Estonian 68–69
- ethnoeducation162
- ethnonyms343
- etiquetteSee politeness
- European Portuguese (EP) 140–141
F
- face
- condolences and349
- introductions and392
- invitations and 346, 347, 348
- literature review27
- occupational titles and343
- presidential election debates and306
- Spanish second person object forms and282
- V to T address transitions and266
- Facebook 76, 78 ; See also social media
- familiarizers 24, 357 ; See also Canadian English nominal masculine vocatives
- family membersSee relatives
- famous peopleSee public figure studies
- fantasy/alternative worlds62
- Faulkner, William34
- feelingsSee emotion/attitude
- Félix-Brasdefer, César 240, 345
- Fetzer, Anita309
- fiction, translation of 49, 50, 51, 53, 54–55, 59–62
- Field, Trevor51
- Filbeck, David26
- film dialogue 29, 50, 52–53
- Finnish 100–102, 101t ; See also Finnish visual materials studies
- Finnish visual materials studies
99, 102, 104–117
- imaginary customer studies 104–111, 105f, 106f, 107f, 109f, 110f
- public figure study 111–116, 113f, 115f
- first person plural pronouns 309–310
- Fishman, Joshua2
- Fiske, Shirley26
- flexible translation strategy33
- flirting 81, 87, 240–241, 243
- focalization 166, 167, 168–169
- focus-sensitive operators 168, 169
- focus words168
- Fontanella de Weinberg, María Beatriz 55, 56, 176
- Ford, Marguerite 24, 25, 31, 56
- foreignization translation strategy 33–34, 51, 53, 58, 59, 64, 68
- Formentelli, Maicol 358, 392
- formulaic address402
- Foster, Daniel83
- Foster, George26
- Fremer, Maria 29, 399
- FrenchSee also Cameroon French nominal address
- Guyanese Creole and183
- pluricentric nature of 336–338
- pronominal chains in181n
- topicalization165
- translation of 53, 67
- Fresco, Romero50
- Friedemann, Nina S. de164
- Friedrich, Paul 26, 27
- friendship termsSee also endearments; solidarity terms
- Cameroon French 343–344
- Mongolian 425–427, 430–431
- Fuller, Janet 411, 412
- functional grammar approaches35
G
- Gains, Jonathan255
- Gavalda, Anna53
- Gedike, Friedrich 24, 127
- gender
- endearments and65
- familiarizers and 357, 358
- introductions and389
- Italian pronominal address transitions and 223–224, 227, 230, 231f
- literature review 26, 29
- Mongolian nominal address and 421n, 425, 426–427, 430–431
- nominal masculine vocatives and 367, 368
- pronominal differentiation and 81, 82, 93
- Spanish second person object forms and 297–298
- Uruguayan Spanish V form and214
- genitive forms 154–156, 155f, 155t, 156f
- genre
- in mass media 293–295, 293t
- meeting minutes as 402–403, 404
- Twitter as 86, 87, 90
- Geoghegan, William30
- German
- calques from 126, 127, 129–135
- email norms256
- Idiomatisierung177n
- intermediate pronominal address (ihr) 254, 269
- kinship terminology58
- as linguistic enemy of Czech 128, 135
- literature review24
- nominal address categories57t
- third person V address in 126–127, 129–130
- translation from English 52–53, 60–61, 63–64
- translation from Spanish 54–56, 58t, 63–64
- Giger, Markus128
- Gilman, Albert 3, 24, 25, 27, 28, 31, 397, 399
- globalization 67–68
- Goddard, Cliff377
- Goffman, Erving 283, 313–314
- GoldVarb Lion286
- Gottfried, Biserka31
- Gringa, La (Sánchez) 194, 195–196
- Groundhog Day 52–53
- Grzega, Joachim130
- güey (Mexican Spanish)358
- Günther, Georg127
- Gutiérrez Maté, Miguel176
- Guyanese Creole183
- guys (American English)357
H
- Haeseryn, Walter254
- Hajek, John392
- Hammermüller, Gunther317
- Hampel, Elisabeth29
- hashtags77
- Haugh, Michael377
- heterosexism357
- Hexagonal French 335–336 ; See also French
- Hoffmann, Christian76
- Holy Roman Empire128
- Homans, George C.25
- Hömmecke, Christin 63–64
- honorSee relative status
- honorificsSee also American English informalization
- age differences and 411, 412
- Cameroon French 341, 346, 347
- Dutch261
- sociolinguistics on24
- translation and 33, 34
- Hook, Donald D.26
- How to address? Variation and change in address practices (University of Helsinki)8
- Hrubín, František133
- Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)258
- Hummel, Martin6
- humor 132, 133–134, 239
- Humphrey, Caroline422
- Hungarian 128, 129, 134, 135
- Hwang, Shin Ja J. 30, 31, 33
- hypersentences 25–26
I
- Idiomatisierung177n
- ihr (German) 254, 269
- imaginary customer studies 104–111, 105f, 106f, 107f, 109f, 110f
- imperatives 169, 172
- impersonal constructionsSee address avoidance
- implicit address forms 102, 107, 113 ; See also address avoidance
- imposition 243, 246
- INAR (International Network on Address Research)9
- bibliographies 9–10, 47–48, 49n, 50
- indefinite-generic forms5
- individualization144
- infinitives 55, 68
- informalizationSee also V to T address transitions
- Italian223
- overview 397–400
- solidarity/power model and 3, 25, 26, 27, 397–398, 399
- Spanish323
- Uruguayan Spanish 194–197
- informative debates285See also presidential election debates
- Instagram76
- Interaction and Variation in Pluricentric Languages8
- intercultural communications 376–377 ; See also English conference introductions
- International Network on Address Research (INAR)9
- Internet29See also social media
- interpreted speech 49–50, 66 ; See also translation
- interrogatives172
- intimacy/distance 31–32, 144 ; See also speaker-addressee relationships
- introductions377See also English conference introductions
- invitation refusals 348–349, 348t, 349t
- invitations 346–348, 346t, 347t
- irony132
- I Simpósio do LaborHistórico6
- Isosävi, Johanna 9, 398
- ItalianSee also Italian pronominal address transitions
- dialects 224–225, 244–245
- literature review24
- translation from English 61–62
- Italian pronominal address transitions
221–245
- age differences and 223, 227, 229–230, 229f, 237
- asymmetric address and225
- circumstantial effects 236–241, 243
- common ground and237
- dialects and 224–225, 244–245
- expected results227
- gender and 223–224, 227, 230, 231f
- humor and239
- literature review 222–225
- mechanisms for 235–236, 235f, 241–242, 243
- methodology 225–227, 249–250
- overall frequency 228–229, 228f
- person initiating 227, 234–235, 234f, 241–243, 246
- regional variations 224, 227, 230, 231f, 232, 244–245
- restaurant status and 226, 227, 233, 233f, 238, 242, 246
- town size and 227, 232–234, 232f, 238, 246
J
- Jalli, Ninni28
- Jang, Ji Son 81, 85, 86
- Jansen, Frank 258–259
- Janssen, Daniel258n
- Japanese416
- je (Dutch) 254, 268–269 ; See also Dutch address negotiations in email
- Jewish stereotypes 134–135
- jij (Dutch)254See also Dutch address negotiations in email
- Johnen, Thomas 317–318
- Johnston, Oliver M.24
- Jonz, Jon G.26
- Joyce, James34
- Jucker, Andreas H.30
- jullie (Dutch) 254, 264–265, 267, 269 ; See also Dutch address negotiations in email
- Jungmann, Josef129
- Juričić, Želimir B.26
K
- Kantorovich, V.31
- Kennedy, Arthur G.24
- Kess, Joseph F.26
- Kesselová, Jana130
- Kiesling, Scott F. 357, 360–361
- Kikongo 162, 163, 164n, 165, 181–182 ; See also Palenquero Creole
- kinship terminology
- age differences and 421, 422, 424n
- Cameroon French 339–341, 345–346
- intimacy/distance and32
- literature review 25, 26, 29
- Mongolian 418–425, 420t
- translation and 33, 34, 58–59
- Kitagawa, Chisato32
- Kluge, Bettina 6, 9
- Koch, Peter177
- Konthong, Nathawadee 33, 34, 59
- Koshal, Sanyukta 26–27
- Koul, Omkar N.27
- Kovács, Magdolna28
- Kramer, Cheris26
- Kretzenbacher, Heinz Leo 9, 29, 256
- Krishnan, Vinodh29
- Künzli, Alexander67
L
- LaborHistórico6
- Lakoff, Robin Tolmach 397–398, 399–400, 404, 411
- Laman, Karl E.182
- Lambert, Wallace E.27
- language acquisition10
- language competence4
- Lappalainen, Hanna 28, 398
- Latin24
- Lawrence, D. H.34
- Leech, Geoffrey 24, 357
- Lehrer, Adrienne32
- lei (Italian) 222, 244–245, 246 ; See also Italian pronominal address transitions
- Lepik, Ramona 105–106
- Levinson, Stephen C. 24, 26–27, 34, 253, 308
- life-size figure simulations 111–116
- Lillian, Donna L.411
- linguistic purism126
- Lipski, John M.174
- literal translation strategy 33, 34, 48, 58
- literary worksSee fiction
- literature reviews
23–36
- early studies24
- lack of theoretical framework and29
- pragmatics 30–32
- social media 29, 76
- sociolinguistics 25–30
- specific social contexts 26, 29
- translation 32–34, 47–48, 49–51, 69–70
- localization 49, 59–62, 63, 65, 68
- locational metadata78
- Lopes, Célia Regina dos Santos 8, 145–149, 152–154
- Lord of the Rings, The (Tolkien)62
- Lotfollahi, Bahareh 33, 34
- Lounsbury, Floyd G.25
- Lyons, John33
M
- magazines, television 285, 293, 294
- Málková, Iva133
- Manitoba, CanadaSee Canadian English nominal masculine vocatives
- Manjulakshi, Lakkaiah28
- man (North American English) 359, 361, 363, 367, 369
- Manns, Howard28
- marketing68See also advertising
- Martin, Samuel E.31
- mass mediaSee also Computer-Mediated Communication; mass media audiences; radio; television
- genres in 285, 293–295
- literature review29
- mass media audiences
- construal roles in 283, 300
- hearer vs. addressee 281, 282–283, 284–285, 289–293
- mate (Australian English) 30, 358
- McConnell-Genet, Sally26
- McIntire, Marina L.26
- mediaSee mass media
- medical contexts29
- meeting minutes as genre 402–403, 404
- Mehrotra, Raja R.30
- Melbourne Address Pronoun European Typology (MAPET) project (RUMACCC)7
- memes 90, 92
- metadata, Twitter 78, 79, 83f, 88, 91
- Methven, Andrew34
- Mexican SpanishSee also presidential election debates
- familiarizers358
- grammatical categories 310–311
- salutations318
- M’Hijo el Dotor (Sánchez) 195–196
- microbloggingSee Twitter
- military contexts26
- Millán, Mónica 81–82, 87
- missionary linguistics 69–70
- Mistrík, Jozef132
- Mongolian nominal address
415–433
- addressee/speaker independence 416–417
- friendship terms 425–427, 430–431
- methodology 417–418
- morpho-syntactic properties 418–419
- occupational titles 429–430
- self-reference terms 416, 418, 423, 426, 429–430
- terms for lovers 427–428, 430–431
- terms for relatives 419–425, 420t
- Montgomery, John283
- moodSee emotion/attitude
- Moreno, Pilar Mestre81
- Moretti, Giovanni245n
- Moyna, María Irene 9, 78, 358
- Mrs. (American English) 410, 411–412 ; See also American English informalization
- multilingual societies 68–69, 162
- Murillo Fernández, Mary Edith81
- Murko, Anton130n
- Murray, Denise E.255
N
- Naden, Tony26
- Nanny, The 64–66
- Narcos 63–64
- národní obrození (National Revival) movement (Czech)129
- Ndhlovu, Finex J.28
- negative politeness399
- Netflix 62n, 63–64
- netiquette256
- Neumann-Holzschuh, Ingrid163
- Nevala, Minna399
- Newall, Gregory 81–82
- Newmark, Peter34
- New Palenquero 164n, 174, 184
- news programs 285, 293–295
- Ngo, Thanh33
- n-grams78
- Nguyen, Binh T. T.28
- nicknames 56, 343
- Nike68
- nobility terms62
- noise79
- nominal abstractions 2, 176, 179, 193
- nominal address
2, 31
See also kinship terminology; personal names
- address vs. reference nominals398
- as alternative to pronominal address 50–51, 52, 53, 59
- Cameroon FrenchSee Cameroon French nominal address
- categorization of 55–56, 57t
- English377
- informalization and398
- intimacy/distance and31
- Kikongo182
- MongolianSee Mongolian nominal address
- nominal abstractions 2, 176, 179, 193
- nominal masculine vocatives 357–359 ; See also Canadian English nominal masculine vocatives
- in presidential election debates 315–317, 324–325, 324t
- pronominal address evolution and 127, 140
- pronominal third person V address and127
- public figure studies114n
- sociolinguistics on30
- translation ofSee nominal address, translation of
- nominal address, translation of
55–59, 57t, 58t
- shining-through effects 48–49, 51, 53, 59
- subtitling/dubbing comparisons66
- vocatives 54, 62–64
- non-address functions5
- nonfiction, translation of 66–69
- Nord, Christiane 48, 55, 56, 58
- normalization51
- Norrby, Catrin 8, 399
- North American EnglishSee American English; Canadian English nominal masculine vocatives
- Norwegian127
- novelsSee fiction
- null pronouns167
- null-subject parameters35
O
- oblique forms 152–154, 153f, 153t, 154f
- occupational titles
- Cameroon French 341–343
- introductions and 386, 388
- Mongolian 429–430
- translation and 55–56
- Oliveira, Thiago 149–152
- onikání (Czech) 126, 129, 132–135
- onikanie (Slovak) 126, 130–132, 133
- O Senhor/A Senhora (Portuguese)140
- O sistema de tratamento de segunda pessoa no Português Brasileiro: retenção e difusão de formas conservadoras e inovadoras (Lopes)8
- Ostör, Ákos32
- Otterbein, Keith F.26
- overgeneralization 177, 181
- overhearing audience 283, 314
P
- Pajusalu, Renate28
- Palenquero Creole
161–163
See also Palenquero Creole pronominal address
- Caribbean Spanish and 161, 162, 164n, 165, 170–171, 175, 178–179, 180
- focalization 166, 167, 168–169
- Kikongo and 162, 163, 164n, 165, 181–182
- New Palenquero164n
- Palenquero Creole pronominal address
163–184
- address switching 170–175, 181, 184
- evolution overview184t
- methodology164
- politeness neutralization 181–183
- second person syntax 165–170, 165t
- syntactic distribution 179–181, 180t
- topicalization 165–166
- Papiamentu 161–162
- Para uma Historia do Português Brasileiro (PHPB) (Lopes)8
- parentsSee kinship terminology; relatives, address for
- Parkinson, Hannah Jane91
- passive forms102See also address avoidance
- Patiño Rosselli, Carlos164
- Peninsular Spanish 193, 358, 368
- persistence effects 172, 173–174
- personal feelingsSee emotion/attitude
- personality assessment4
- personal letters as sources 142–143
- personal namesSee also American English informalization; nominal address
- Cameroon French 340, 350
- Dutch261
- introductions and 386, 387, 391
- public figure studies114n
- translation and 55, 56
- person-referring expressions (PREs)398See also American English informalization; informalization
- person shifts32
- persuasion strategies 317–318
- phatic vocatives356
- phonetic erosion 177–178, 193
- physical appearance 104, 109 ; See also Finnish visual materials studies
- Pillet-Shore, Danielle393
- pluricentric languages 7, 8, 336–338, 376–377, 378, 392
- Polish63
- politeness
- address negotiation and253
- Brown/Levinson theory 4, 26–27, 29
- Cameroon French345
- computer text translation and48
- informalization and 397–398, 399–400, 410
- Kikongo182
- literature review 26–28
- machine translation and48
- Mongolian 416, 418, 422–423
- neutralization of 181–183
- pragmatics on5
- solidarity terms for 27, 81
- Spanish second person object forms and282
- translation and34
- political discourse 309–310 ; See also presidential election debates
- politic behavior 27–28
- polylogues4
- PortugueseSee also Brazilian Portuguese; Brazilian Portuguese pronominal address evolution
- conferences on6
- Creoles based on 161–162
- pronominal address evolution 139–141, 140f, 141f
- positive politeness 399, 410
- possessive suffixes101
- postcolonial pragmatics 336–338 ; See also Cameroon French nominal address
- Postmes, Tom 257–258
- postverbal subjects168
- power semantics
- pragmatics on31
- solidarity/power model 3, 25, 26, 27, 397–398, 399
- Uruguayan Spanish 193–194
- V to T address transitions and 242, 243, 246
- pragmatics
4–5
See also English conference introductions
- on address switching 172–174
- literature review 30–32
- on nominal address categorization56
- postcolonial 336–338
- social media and 78, 90
- on translation 5, 35
- Pragmatics of Address in the L2 Classroom in Germany and Australia7
- PREsSee person-referring expressions
- presidential election debates
305–328
- appellative function in 315–317, 324–325, 324t
- data overview 321–322, 322t
- discursive speech acts in 317–320, 325–326, 325t
- format of 311–312
- grammatical categories 310–311, 322–323, 323t
- literature review306
- methodology 307–310
- participant roles 313–315
- referential expressions in320
- syntactic categories 311, 323–324, 323t
- turn-taking 312–313
- Prinsen, Lutien 258, 268
- prodeictic317
- pro-drop languages 35, 84, 179, 311n
- product labeling68
- pronominal address, translation of
52–55
- amalgamation 52, 53
- archaicisms and62
- asymmetric address dyads 53–55, 64
- audiovisual translation and 48, 65, 66
- fanning-out effect 52, 65
- nominal address as alternative 50–51, 52, 53, 59
- pronominal differentiation and 52–53, 62, 65
- target-language orientation of 51, 52
- pronominal addressSee also Brazilian Portuguese pronominal address evolution; Palenquero Creole pronominal address
- in advertising translation 67–68
- bound/free180
- Caribbean Spanish evolution 175–176
- Colombian Spanish overview 79–82, 79t
- in conversation91
- Discourse Completion Tests for 107–111, 107f, 108f
- Finnish overview 101–102, 101t
- French revolution and25
- horizontal vs. vertical status dimensions25
- intimacy/distance and 31, 32
- in memes92
- public figure studies 112, 114–115, 115f
- Spanish evolution 176–178, 192
- status relationship and 25–26
- Swedish101
- translation of 48, 50–51, 52–53, 62, 65, 66, 67–68 ; See also shining-through effects
- Vulgar Latin origins139
- pronominal chains 180, 180–181n
- pronoun switchingSee address switching
- proper namesSee personal names
- public figure studies 111–116, 113f, 115f
Q
- questionnaire method202See also Discourse Completion Tests; Uruguayan Spanish V form
- questionsSee interrogatives
R
- Rachel, Lucena 154–156
- radio 29, 269–270 ; See also mass media
- ratified vs. non-ratified participants 78, 313–314
- Rbrul 202–203
- Recktenwald, Daniel76
- Reed, Darren J.76
- reference nominals60
- regional variations
- Brazilian Portuguese141
- Colombian Spanish 80–82, 80f, 85–86, 86f
- French 336–338
- Italian 224, 227, 230, 231f, 232, 244–245
- literature review26
- Uruguayan Spanish 194, 199–200, 200f, 205, 205t, 214
- regular expressions 83, 83f
- Reiber, Rebecca 64–66
- relational tokens398
- relatives, address forSee also kinship terminology
- Palenquero Creole171
- politeness and182
- third person V address and 130–131, 133, 193–194
- relative statusSee also respect
- introductions and 388–389, 392
- literature review 25–26, 28–29, 30
- nominal address and56
- pragmatics on30
- translation and56
- workplace 28–29
- Rendle-Short, Johanna 28, 30, 358
- Renzi, Lorenzo 242, 243
- reported dialogues 90, 93, 144
- Research Unit for Multilingualism and Cross-Cultural Communication (RUMACCC) (University of Melbourne)7
- respectSee also relative status
- Cameroon French nominal address for340
- kinship terminology for 340–341
- Palenquero Creole pronominal address and171
- Slovak third person V address for 131, 133
- reverenceSee respect
- reverse addressing strategy341
- Robles, Damián69
- Rohlfs, Gerhard224
- Romanian2
- RUMACCC (Research Unit for Multilingualism and Cross-Cultural Communication) (University of Melbourne)7
- Russian
- Mongolian calques from428
- pronominal address in69
- translation from English 67–68
S
- Sadock, Jerrold 25–26
- Sales, Marlon James 69–70
- salience 287–288
- Salner, Peter 134, 135
- salutations
- Dutch 261, 262, 268
- as speech acts 318–319
- Sánchez, Florencio194
- Sandrelli, Annalisa 61–62
- Sardinian 224, 244
- Scherre, Maria Marta Pereira Lucca141
- Schindler, Ellen225
- Schneider, David M.25
- Schneider, Edgar W.163
- Schüpbach, Doris29
- Schusky, Ernest L.26
- Schwegler, Armin 164, 165, 171
- Searle, John R. 25, 318
- second person object formsSee Spanish second person object forms
- second person V address 129, 182–183
- Sedláková, Marianna130
- Seifert, Jaroslav133
- self-reference terms
- defined416
- Mongolian 416, 418, 423, 426, 429–430
- self-reported data 79, 360–361
- semantic contrast169n
- semanticsSee solidarity/power model
- service encountersSee also Italian pronominal address transitions
- Cameroon French nominal address and 345–349
- Finnish visual materials studies 104–111, 105f, 106f, 107f, 109f, 110f
- sexism26
- Shanmugam, Pillai N.26
- Shehab, Ekrema34
- shining-through effects 48–49, 51, 53, 59 ; See also pronominal address, translation of
- siblingsSee kinship terminology; relatives, address for
- Sie (German) 126–127, 129–130
- Simon, Horst9
- Sinner, Carsten 48, 52
- Skármeta, Antonio 54–55
- slaves 176, 178, 182
- Slobin, Dan I.26
- Slovak
- Jewish stereotypes 134, 135
- onikanie 126, 130–132, 133
- social history of 127–128
- Slovakia128
- Slovene 126, 127, 130n
- Smith, Karen 67–68
- soap operas63
- Sobrero, Alberto A.224
- social classSee class differences
- social closenessSee also endearments; friendship terms
- meeting minutes and 400, 406
- politeness and81
- V to T address transitions and240
- Social Deixis: Address Terms as a Mirror of Societal Transformations (University of Helsinki)8
- “socially adequate behavior” 27–28
- social mediaSee also Twitter research
- Czech/Slovak third person V address and 132, 133, 134
- defined76
- literature review 29, 76
- methodology 82–84, 83f
- research challenges79
- sociolinguistics
- literature review 25–30
- on nominal masculine vocatives 357–359
- pragmatics and5
- research in 3, 4
- on social values27
- third wave4
- solidarity/power model 3, 25, 26, 27, 397–398, 399
- solidarity terms
- Cameroon French 343–344, 347–348
- Caribbean Spanish176
- Colombian Spanish 80, 82, 91
- familiarizers as 357, 358, 369
- for politeness 27, 81
- translation and65
- Uruguayan Spanish196
- song lyrics78
- SoundCloud76
- source-language oriented translation 33, 51
- Souza, Camila 145–149
- Souza, Janaína 143, 144
- SpanishSee also Caribbean Spanish; Colombian Spanish pronominal address; Mexican Spanish; Spanish second person object forms
- address switching 50, 54–55, 90, 91, 94, 175n
- asymmetric address171
- conferences on6
- emotion/attitude 50, 54
- German translation from 54–56, 58t, 63–64
- grammatical categories 310–311
- kinship terminology58
- nominal address categories57t
- as pro-drop language179
- share of address research on 5, 10
- Spanish second person object forms
281–300
- expression/omission 287–289, 288t
- gender and 297–298
- hearer/addressee function distribution and 289–293, 290t, 291t
- mass media audiences and 281, 282–283, 284–285
- mass media genre and 293–295, 293t
- meaningful choice and284
- methodology 285–287
- socio-professional affiliation and 286, 295–297, 295t
- style and 284–285, 298–299, 299f
- speaker-addressee relationshipsSee also kinship terminology; relatives, address for; relative status
- centrality of 23–24
- intimacy/distance in 31–32, 144
- literature review 25–26, 28–29
- nominal masculine vocatives and369
- pronominal differentiation and 81–82
- status and 25–26, 28–29
- translation and 33–34, 56, 58
- Uruguayan Spanish V form and 204, 205t, 212–213
- specification/generalization translation strategy33
- speech act theory 172, 284, 317–320
- Staley, Larssyn225
- Starbucks398
- statusSee relative status
- Štekauer, Pavol130
- Stidston, Russell O.24
- Stivers, Tanya28
- Stommel, Wyke 259, 270
- Štšadneva, Valentina 68–69
- style 284–285, 299f
- subject forms
- Brazilian Portuguese 143–145, 144f
- Palenquero Creole 166–169
- subtitling 49, 62–66
- subtweeting91
- Suomela-Härmä, Elina223
- survey methodSee questionnaire method
- Susanne, Mühleisen 52–53
- swear words 87, 88f
- Swedish
- German V address calque127
- informalization 53, 399
- kinship terminology 58–59
- pronominal address101
- translation from French67
- translation of53
- Szarkowska, Agnieszka63
- Szymańska-Matusiewiccz, Grażyna28
T
- Taavitsainen, Irma30
- Tagalog 69–70
- Takao, Suzuki 26–27
- talk shows285
- Tánczos, Outi T.28
- target-language oriented translation 33, 51, 52
- Teich, Elke51
- television 64–66 ; See also mass media; presidential election debates
- Tempesta, Immacolata223
- terms of address, defined 415–416
- ternary pronominal systemsSee also pronominal address; specific languages
- Romanian2
- Spanish 53, 69, 79, 79t, 80
- text forms of computer address translation48
- Theodoropoulou, Irene29
- third person V addressSee also usted (Spanish)
- German 126–127, 129–130
- onikání (Czech) 126, 129, 132–135
- onikanie (Slovak) 126, 130–132, 133
- third wave sociolinguistics4
- T + LN address 65–66
- Tolkien, J. R. R.62
- Tomcala, Ján132
- Ton, Thoai N. L. 28, 30–31, 32, 33, 47
- topical chains167
- topicalization 165–166, 175
- translation
47–70
- advertising 67–68
- audiovisual 48, 49–51, 62–66
- Bible 69–70
- court interpreting 66–67
- cross-linguistic comparison and 48–49
- domestication/alienation translation strategy for 33, 51
- English as lingua franca and 50–51
- of fiction 49, 50, 51, 53, 54–55, 59–62
- flexible strategy for33
- foreignization strategy for 33–34, 51, 53, 58, 59, 64, 68
- globalization and48
- honorifics and 33, 34
- interpreted speech 49–50, 66
- kinship terminology and 33, 34, 58–59
- language distinctiveness and 33, 34
- literal strategy for 33, 34, 48, 58
- literature reviews 32–34, 47–48, 49–51, 69–70
- localization and 49, 59–62, 63, 65, 68
- machine translation48
- marketing68
- multilingual societies and 68–69
- nominal addressSee nominal address, translation of
- nominal-pronominal address interaction and59
- nonfiction 66–69
- pragmatics on 5, 35
- pronominal address 48, 50–51, 52–55, 62, 64, 65
- source-language vs. target-language oriented 33, 51, 52
- speaker-addressee relationships and 33–34, 56, 58
- specification/generalization strategy for33
- strategies for 33–34, 51, 63
- translation memory systems65
- tu (Brazilian Portuguese)See Brazilian Portuguese pronominal address evolution
- tú (Caribbean Spanish)176
- Tucker, Richard G.27
- tu (Italian)222See also Italian pronominal address transitions
- Tuscan dialect224
- tuteo (Colombian Spanish) 79–82, 79t ; See also Colombian Spanish pronominal address
- T/V model 3, 24, 25, 126n ; See also V to T address transitions
- tweets 77–78, 90–93 ; See also Twitter
- Twitch76
- Twitter research
75–76, 82–94
- advantages and challenges 78–79, 93–94
- data characteristics 77–78
- methodology 82–84, 83f
- quantification 84–90, 85f, 86f
- tweet types 90–93
- Twitter as distinct genre and 86, 87, 90
U
- Uber, Diane Ringer 81, 181n
- u (Dutch)254See also Dutch address negotiations in email
- Ueber du und Sie in der deutschen Sprache (Gedike)24
- Ullrich, Helen 26–27
- unaddressed audience78
- Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)8
- University of Helsinki8
- upper-case letters 87, 88f
- Uruguayan Spanish
191–192, 200
See also Uruguayan Spanish V form
- familiarizers 358–359
- Uruguayan Spanish V form (usted)
193–215
- age differences and 199, 205–206, 206t, 213–214
- conditional inference tree 209–211, 210f, 211f
- education level and 200–201, 206, 206t
- evolution of 193–197
- methodology 198–203
- occupation type and 201, 206–207, 207t
- overall usage204t
- random forests 207, 208f, 209f
- regional variations 194, 199–200, 200f, 205, 205t, 214
- school type and 201, 206–207, 207t, 214
- speaker-addressee relationships and 204, 205t, 212–213
- US EnglishSee American English
- usted de enojo/usted de cariño 50, 54, 55, 91
- ustedeo (formal; Colombian Spanish) 79–82, 79t ; See also Colombian Spanish pronominal address; usted (Spanish)
- usted (Spanish)See also Uruguayan Spanish V form
- address switching and 50, 54, 55–56, 91
- Colombian Spanish overview 79–82, 79t
- evolution of 2, 176–178, 193–197
- overgeneralization of 170, 181n
- Palenquero Creole and 170, 175, 178–179
- syntactic behavior of179
V
- van Zalk, Franceina258
- Vargas, Dengo C.31
- Varghese, Manka103
- variational pragmatics 378, 392 ; See also English conference introductions; pluricentric languages
- Vatuk, Sylvia26
- Velman-Omelina, Jelena 68–69
- Venuti, Lawrence51
- Vermaas, Hannie J. A. M.254
- Vietnamese31
- Vinay, Jean-Paul34
- Vismans, Roel 9, 253, 269
- visual material for researchSee Finnish visual materials studies
- vocativesSee also Canadian English nominal masculine vocatives
- appellative function of 315–316
- literature review 357–359
- overview 356–357
- translation and 54, 62–64
- você (Brazilian Portuguese)See Brazilian Portuguese pronominal address evolution
- Vogue 67–68
- voi (Italian)222See also Italian pronominal address transitions
- vos (Caribbean Spanish) 175–176
- voseo 79–82, 79t ; See also Colombian Spanish pronominal address
- Vossa Mercê (Portuguese) 140, 144, 146
- vowel harmony418
- V to T address transitionsSee also Dutch address negotiations in email; Italian pronominal address transitions
- implicit negotiations 266–268
- intimacy/distance model and31
- mechanisms for 223, 235–236, 235f, 241–242, 243, 246, 268, 269, 270
- pragmatics on4
- translation of 52–53, 63–64, 65
- vuestra merced (Spanish) 2, 69, 176–177, 193
- vuestro/a (Spanish) 176, 179, 193
- Vulgar Latin139
- vusté (Caribbean Spanish)179
- vykání (Czech)129
W
- Waldvogel, Joan 255–256
- Wardhaugh, Ronald 27, 28
- Watts, Richard 26–27
- Williams, Tracy R.349
- Wilson, Andrew J.398
- Winkler, Eva29
- Winter, Werner7
Y
- Yang, Chunli33
- YouTube 76, 78
- Ypyä, Janica 104–111
Z
- Zago, Raffaele29
- Žagwaral, R.422n
- Zappavigna, Michele 77, 78, 92
- Zeitlyn, David398
- zero term of addressSee address avoidance
- Zhang, Hang28
- Zuengler, Jane175
- Zwicky, Arnold315
