A speaker/hearer-based grammar

This chapter argues for a speaker/hearer-based grammar conceived of as a structured set of procedures and procedural elements which clarify how interlocutors can produce and understand utterances. Some basic issues of a speaker/hearerbased grammar (primacy of the utterance, interaction between utterance and frame of reference, morphemes as procedural elements, the cueing function of phonetic elements in communicative processes) will be elucidated by an analysis of possessive constructions and novel compounds. Their use is based on a relationship that the speaker and hearer can integrate into their conceptualization of the frame of reference in the light of their interpretation of the current situation, their knowledge of the world and possibly the situations communicated in previous utterances and sometimes even utterances to come.