The Categories of Grammar

• Prelim pages | pp. i–vi
• Table of contents | pp. vii–x
• Acknowledgements | pp. xi–xii
• Introduction | pp. xiii–xiv
• Chapter 1. The Problem of lui and le | pp. 1–29
• 1. Traditional Grammatical Categories
• 2. The Problem to Be Solved
• 3. Language-specific Grammatical Categories
• 4. The Goal of this Study
• 5. The Framework of the New Analysis
• 5.1. The Theoretical Background
• 5.2. Linguistic Meaning
• 5.3. Syntax? Semantics? Pragmatics?
• 5.4. Signals
• 5.5. Substance and Value
• 6. Columbia School Contrasted with Other Meaning-based Schools of Analysis
• 7. Grammatical Categories as Hypotheses
• 8. Lui versus the à Phrase
• 9. Precursors to this Analysis
• Chapter 2. The System of Degree of Control | pp. 30–82
• 1. Participants and Events
• 2. Degree of Control
• 3. The Status of the Highest Controller
• 4. The Satellite Relationship and Degree of Control
• 5. The Assigning of Roles via Degree of Control
• 6. Where the Roles Come From
• 7. Meaning Not in the Sentence
• 8. Precision as a Factor in Choice of Meaning
• 9. Strategies of Exploitation
• 10. A Look Ahead
• 11. Participants in the Event vs. Non-participants
• 11.1. Participants in Events vs. Circumstances of Events
• 11.2. Participants vs. Prepositional Phrases
• 11.3. Participants vs. Possessive Adjectives
• Chapter 3. Semantic Substance: Exploitations of Degree of Control | pp. 83–159
• 1. Types of Involvement Associated with the Mid Controller
• 1.1. Interactor
• 1.2. Expediter/Enabler
• 1.3. Causer
• 1.4. Motivator
• 2. Lui- with “Predicate” Nouns and Adjectives
• 3. Illusory Categories of Fractional Meaning: “Dative of Possession” and “Dative of the Disadvantaged”
• 3.1. The “Dative of Possession”
• 3.2. “Beneficiary” and “Maleficiary”
• Chapter 4. Linguistic Value: Lui versus Le | pp. 160–205
• 1. Substance and Value in Linguistic Analysis
• 2. Validating the Opposition between lui- and le-
• 3. The Superagent: A Striking Manifestation of Value
• 3.1. Harmer's Examples with faire
• 3.2. Other Instances of the Superagent
• 4. Three- versus Two-participant Messages
• 5. Animacy Skewing in Two-participant Messages
• 6. Low Level of Activity with le-
• 7. Wider Exploitation of the Control Opposition in Two-Participant Messages
• 8. Occurrences of lui- and le- with Semantically-Defined Verb Classes
• 9. The Network of Oppositions: Verbs of “Commanding”
• Chapter 5. Networks of Oppositions | pp. 206–256
• 1. The System of Participants
• 1.1. The Grammatical Interlock
• 1.2. Focus
• 1.3. The Focus-Control Interlock
• 1.4. The First and Second Persons
• 1.5. Deixis
• 1.6. Communicative Motivation for Paradigmatic Structure
• 2. The High Controller in Two-Participant Messages
• 3. Interaction of the High- and Non-High Controller Strategies
• 4. Case Study: Verbs of “Asking”
• 5. The Pseudo-Phenomenon of “Government”
• Appendix A: Verbs Included in Counts of Tables 5.3 and 5.4
• Appendix B: Additional Charts Showing Control Level in Relation to “Government”
• Chapter 6. The Theory of the Sentence and the Traditional Canon | pp. 257–287
• 1. Lui- and le- as a Linguistic Problem
• 2. The Theory of the Sentence
• 2.1. Deductively Motivated Categories
• 2.2. The Tripartite Relationship
• 2.3. Testing the Theory of the Sentence: The Appendix
• 3. Traditional Grammar and Generative Grammar
• 4. Direct and Indirect Object in the Grammar of French
• 5. Notional or Formal Categories?
• 6. A Morpho-syntactic Approach: Blinkenberg
• 7. The Notion of “Transitivity”
• 8. Transitivity as an Explanatory Construct
• 9. The Traditional Canon of Categories
• 10. A Functionalist View: Hopper & Thompson
• 11. Linguistic Resources vs. Linguistic Products
• Chapter 7. A New Perspective on the Notions “Pronominalization” and “Cliticity” | pp. 288–320
• 1. The “Pronoun” as a Grammatical Category
• 1.1. The Problem of Pronominalization
• 1.2. Taking the Morphemes Seriously
• 1.3. The Term “Dative” and the Problem of the Dative
• 2. A Columbia-school approach to à phrases
• 2.1. Degree of Control with Nouns
• 2.2. Choice of Preposition
• 2.3. The Contribution of à
• 2.4. From Circumstance to Control
• 2.5. The Precision Factor
• 2.6. A vs. par: An Exploitation of Relative Precision
• 2.7. Summary
• 3. The Function of Cliticity
• 3.1. Ordering among the Clitics
• 3.2. Combinatory Skewings among Clitics
• 3.3. Word Order in Imperative Messages
• Chapter 8. The Categories of Grammar | pp. 321–341
• 1. Grammar as Explanation
• 2. Language, Thought, and Communication
• 3. Functionalist Schools of Grammar
• 4. The Nature and Role of Linguistic Theory
• 5. The Acquisition and Use of Language
• 6. Observations and Hypotheses in Linguistics
• 7. The Human Factor in Language
• Notes | pp. 342–359
• | pp. 360–370
• Abbreviations
• Abbreviations of Texts Cited
• Index | pp. 371–378

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