In:Paradigms in Word Formation: Theory and applications
Edited by Alba E. Ruz, Cristina Fernández-Alcaina and Cristina Lara-Clares
[Studies in Language Companion Series 225] 2022
► pp. 343–378
Chapter 13Derivational paradigms in ELT textbooks
Published online: 19 September 2022
https://doi.org/10.1075/slcs.225.13gra
https://doi.org/10.1075/slcs.225.13gra
Abstract
Developing morphological awareness is an effective learning strategy which can simplify learning L2 vocabulary. The present chapter explores how far morphological-awareness activities are represented in over 100 international ELT coursebooks, 10 teacher training manuals and 17 practice books. The results show the coverage is rather low and unsystematic except in specialist manuals for vocabulary teaching and vocabulary practice books. Even in them the quality varies. Materials mostly focus on affixation and are not based on research findings. Attention should be paid to presenting teachers and teacher-trainees with more information on teaching derivational paradigms, and to introducing existing research and reliable materials which contain quality exercises and explicit information for students as well as ideas for classroom use.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 1.1Historical background
- 1.2Morphological awareness and explicit word-formation instruction
- 1.3Morphological awareness in language teaching
- 1.4Research questions
- 2.Data and method
- 3.Results and discussion
- 3.1A quantitative survey of ELT coursebooks
- 3.2A closer exploration of content of selected coursebooks
- 3.3Teacher-training manuals
- 3.4Vocabulary practice books
- 4.Pedagogical implications
- 5.Conclusion
Notes References Appendix
References (67)
Apel, Kenn. 2014. A comprehensive definition of morphological awareness: Implications for assessment. Topics in Language Disorders 34(3): 197–209.
Arnbak, Elisabeth & Elbro, Carsten. 2000. The effects of morphological awareness training on the reading and spelling skills of young dyslexics. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research 44(3): 229–251.
Balteiro, Isabel. 2011. Awareness of L1 and L2 word-formation mechanisms for the development of a more autonomous L2 learner. Porta Linguarum 15: 25–34.
Bauer, Laurie. 2022. Interlocking paradigms in English compounds. In Paradigms in Word Formation: Theory and Applications [Studies in Language Companion Series 225], Alba E. Ruz, Cristina Fernández-Alcaina & Cristina Lara-Clares (eds). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. (This volume).
Bauer, Laurie & Nation, Paul. 1993. Word families. International Journal of Lexicography 6(4): 253–279.
Bensoussan, Marsha & Laufer, Batia. 1984. Lexical guessing in context in EFL reading comprehension. Journal of Research in Reading 7(1): 15–32.
Berninger, Virginia W., Abbott, Robert D., Nagy, William & Carlisle, Joanne. 2010. Growth in phonological, orthographic, and morphological awareness in Grades 1 to 6. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 39: 141–163.
Boers, Frank & Lindstromberg, Seth. 2008. Cognitive Linguistic Approaches to Teaching Vocabulary and Phraseology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Carlisle, Joanne F. 1988. Knowledge of derivational morphology and spelling ability in fourth, sixth, and eighth graders. Applied Psycholinguistics 9(3): 247–266.
2000. Awareness of the structure and meaning of morphologically complex words: Impact on reading. Reading and Writing 12(3): 169–190.
Coady, James. 1993. Research on ESL/EFL vocabulary acquisition: Putting it in context. In Second Language Reading and Vocabulary Learning, Thomas N. Huckin, Margot Haynes & James Coady (eds), 3–23. Norwood NJ: Ablex.
Comenius, Jan Amos. 1659. Orbis sensualium pictus. Facsimile of the edition of 1659, Charles Hooke (trans). Oxford: OUP.
Deacon, S. Helene & Kirby, John R. 2004. Morphological awareness: Just “more phonological”? The roles of morphological and phonological awareness in reading development. Applied Psycholinguistics 25(2): 223–238.
Ebbers, Susan M. & Denton, Carolyn A. 2008. A root awakening: Vocabulary instruction for older students with reading difficulties. Learning Disabilities Research & Practice 23(2): 90–102.
Goodwin, Amanda, Lipsky, Miriam & Ahn, Soyeon. 2012. Word detectives: Using units of meaning to support literacy. The Reading Teacher 65(7): 461–470.
Jeon, Eun Hee. 2011. Contribution of morphological awareness to second-language reading comprehension. The Modern Language Journal 95(2): 217–235.
Jeon, Eun Hee & Yamashita, Junko. 2014. L2 reading comprehension and its correlates: A meta-analysis. Language Learning 64(1): 160–212.
Ke, Echo & Koda, Keiko. 2017. Contributions of morphological awareness to adult L2 Chinese word meaning inferencing. The Modern Language Journal 101(4): 742–755. <[URL]>
Ku, Yu-Min & Anderson, Richard C. 2003. Development of morphological awareness in Chinese and English. Reading and Writing 16(5): 399–422.
Kuo, Li-Jen & Anderson, Richard C. 2006. Morphological awareness and learning to read: A cross-language perspective. Educational Psychologist 41(3): 161–180.
Kupferborg, Irit & Olshtain, Elite. 1996. Explicit contrastive instruction facilitates the acquisition of difficult L2 forms. Language Awareness 5(3–4): 149–165.
Lardiere, Donna. 1995. L2 acquisition of English synthetic compounding is not constrained by level-ordering (and neither, probably, is L1). Second Language Research 11(1): 20–56.
Laufer, Batia, Meara, Paul & Nation, Paul. 2005. Ten best ideas for teaching vocabulary. The Language Teacher 29(7): 2–10.
Lewis, Michael. 1993. The Lexical Approach: The State of ELT and a Way Forward. Hove: Language Teaching Publications.
Lin, Chen-Chun. 2012. The nature of word learnability in L2 contexts. In Current Perspectives in Second Language Vocabulary Research, David Hirsh (ed), 57–76. Bern: Peter Lang. <[URL]>
Lin, Ming-Fang. 2017. Developing EFL learners’ morphological awareness: Instructional effect, teachability of affixes, and learners’ perception. International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching 57(3): 289–325.
McCutchen, Deborah, Stull, Sara, Herrera, Becky, Lotas, Sasha & Evans, Sarah. 2014. Putting words to work: Effects of morphological instruction on children’s writing. Journal of Learning Disabilities 47(1): 86–97.
McCutchen, Deborah & Stull, Sara. 2015. Morphological awareness and children’s writing: accuracy, error, and invention. Reading and Writing 28(2): 271–289.
Mochizuki, Masamichi & Aizawa, Kazumi. 2000. An affix acquisition order for EFL learners: an exploratory study. System 28(3): 291–304.
Morin, Regina. 2006. Building depth of Spanish L2 vocabulary by building and using word families. Hispania 89(1): 170–182.
Nagy, William E., Diakidoy, Irene-Anna N. & Anderson, Richard C. 1993. The acquisition of morphology: Learning the contribution of suffixes to the meanings of derivatives. Journal of Reading Behavior 25(2): 155–170.
Nagy, William E., Berninger, Virginia W. & Abbott, Robert D. 2006. Contributions of morphology beyond phonology to literacy outcomes of upper elementary and middle-school students. Journal of Educational Psychology 98(1): 134–147.
Nation, Paul & Newton, Jonathan. 2009. Teaching ESL/EFL Listening and Speaking. New York NY: Routledge.
Ogden, Charles Kay. 1932. Basic English: A General Introduction with Rules and Grammar. London: Paul Treber & Co.
Olshtain, Elite. 1981. English nominal compounds and the ESL/EFL reader. In On TESOL 80: Selected Papers from the 15th Annual Conference of Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Mary Hines & William Rutherford (eds), 153–166. Washington DC: TESOL.
Pawley, Andrew & Syder, Frances H. 1983. Two puzzles for linguistic theory: Native-like selection and native-like fluency. In Language and Communication, Jack C. Richards & Richard W. Schmidt (eds), 191–225. London: Longman.
Pittman, William. 2003. Building vocabulary through prefixes, roots and suffixes. The Internet TESL Journal 9(7). <[URL]>
Richards, Jack C. & Rodgers, Theodore S. 2014. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching, 3rd edn. Cambridge: CUP.
Sasao, Yosuke & Webb, Stuart. 2015. The Word Part Levels test. Language Teaching Research 21(1): 12–30.
Schmidt, Richard W. 1990. The role of consciousness in second language learning. Applied Linguistics 11(2): 129–158.
1992. Psychological mechanisms underlying second language fluency. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 14(4): 357–385.
Schmitt, Norbert & Zimmerman, Cheryl Boyd. 2002. Derivative word forms: What do learners know? TESOL Quarterly 36(2): 145–171.
Sharwood Smith, Michael. 1993. Input enhancement in instructed SLA: Theoretical bases. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 15(2): 165–179.
Stoffelsma, Lieke, Spooren, Wibert, Mwinlaaru, Isaac Nuokyaa-Ire & Antwi, Victor. 2020. The morphology-vocabulary-reading mechanism and its effect on students’ academic achievement in an English L2 context. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 47.
Swan, Michael. 2006. Chunks in the classroom: Let’s not go overboard. The Teacher Trainer 20(3). <[URL]>
Templeton, Shane. 2012. Teaching and learning morphology: A reflection on generative vocabulary instruction. Journal of Education 192(2–3): 101–107.
. 2019. Methodology texts and the construction of teachers’ practical knowledge. In The Routledge Handbook of English Language Teacher Education, Steve Walsh & Steve Mann (eds), 509–521. Abingdon: Routledge.
Ward, Jeremy & Chuenjundaeng, Jitlada. 2009. Suffix knowledge: Acquisition and applications. System 37(4): 461–469.
Wei, Zheng. 2015. Does teaching mnemonics for vocabulary learning make a difference? Putting the keyword method and the word part technique to the test. Language Teaching Research 19(1): 43–69.
Wei, Zheng & Nation, Paul. 2013. The word part technique: A very useful vocabulary teaching technique. Modern English Teacher 22(1): 12–16.
