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Article published In: Evidentiality, Modality and Grammaticalization
Edited by Eric Mélac
[Studies in Language 48:3] 2024
► pp. 575–607

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Evidentiality, discourse prominence and grammaticalization

ORCiD logo with link | University of Copenhagen
Published online: 21 November 2023
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/sl.23001.boy
Abstract
This paper seeks to answer three questions: (1) What is the difference between grammatical and lexical indications of information source? (2) What qualifies an element for grammaticalization as an evidential? (3) How can we identify grammatical evidentials and instances of evidential grammaticalization? The answers proposed are as follows: (1) The difference between grammatical and lexical indications of information source is a difference between indications conventionalized as discourse secondary and indications conventionalized as potentially discourse primary. (2) A candidate for grammaticalization as an evidential must (i) have propositional scope, (ii) belong in the conceptual domain of information source, (iii) be frequent enough to pass the threshold for conventionalization, and (iv) be discourse secondary, but not by convention. (3) Grammatical evidentials and instances of evidential grammaticalization can be identified based on focusablity, addressability and modifiability.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Outline of a usage-based theory of the grammatical-lexical distinction
  • 3.Evidentials, discourse prominence, and the lexical-grammatical distinction
  • 4.A theory of grammaticalization
  • 5.What qualifies an element for grammaticalization as an evidential?
    • 5.1Structural qualification: Dependency and scope
    • 5.2Functional qualification: Discourse prominence and conceptual domain
    • 5.3Information source as a grammaticalizable concept
  • 6.How to identify grammatical evidentials and cases of evidential grammaticalization
    • 6.1How to identify grammatical evidentials
    • 6.2How to identify cases of evidential grammaticalization
  • 7.Conclusions
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • Abbreviations
  • References
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