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Article published In: Studies in Language
Vol. 42:4 (2018) ► pp.847–885

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The typological change of motion expressions in Chinese revisited

Motion events in Old Chinese and its Modern Chinese translation

 | Zhejiang University
 | Zhejiang University
 | Indiana University Bloomington
Published online: 4 February 2019
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/sl.18010.shi
Abstract
This paper reports on a corpus-based study aimed at reexamining the typological status and diachronic change of motion expressions in Chinese, drawing on parallel texts consisting of autonomous motion expressions in Old Chinese (OC) and its Modern Chinese (MoC) translation. The results show that MoC significantly differs from OC both in the preference of lexicalization patterns (Talmyan typology) and semantic components distributed in discourse (Slobinian typology) when narrating similar motion scenes. However, these results fail to support the viewpoint that Chinese has undergone a change from a verb- to a satellite-frame (Li, Fengxiang. 1993. A diachronic study of V-V Compound in Chinese. Buffalo, NY: SUNY at Buffalo dissertation.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; . 2000. Toward a cognitive semantics, vol. 21. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Peyraube, Alain. 2006. Motion events in Chinese: A diachronic study of directional complements. In Maya Hickmann & Stéphane Robert (eds.), Space in Languages: Linguistic systems and cognitive categories, 121–138. Amesterdam, Phiadelphia: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Shi, Wenlei & Yicheng Wu. 2014. Which way to move: The evolution of motion expressions in Chinese. Linguistics 52(5). 1237–1292. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar). It is argued that (i) the Talmyan typology and the Slobinian typology should be treated separately. In Talmyan typology, the diachrony of Chinese demonstrates the change of a V- to a parallel-frame, in that satellite- and verb-framed constructions in MoC have equal frequency and show no bias for the encoding of subtypes of autonomous motion. In Slobinian typology, MoC remains as a Path-salient language, as it gives considerable weight to the expression of Path; (ii) the dominant lexicalization pattern in a language varies from one sub-domain of motion to another (see also Lamarre, Christine. 2003. Hànyǔ kōngjiān wèiyí shìjiàn de yǔyán biǎodá – jiānlùn shùqūshì de jǐ gè wèntí [Linguistic encoding of motion events in Chinese: Several issuses on verb-directional constructions]. Xiàndài zhōngguóyǔ yánjiū [Studies on Modern Chinese Language] (5). 1–18. [published in Japan].Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar), and thus the typology of motion expressions is sub-domain-specific; and (iii) motivating forces and blocking forces, furthermore, co-exist diachronically for the typological evolution of motion encoding due to the idiosyncrasy of the morphosyntactic system.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Methodology
    • 2.1Corpus selection and description
    • 2.2Data transcription
  • 3.Lexicalization patterns
    • 3.1Lexicalization patterns of autonomous motion events
    • 3.2Lexicalization patterns of Manner and Path encoded simultaneously
  • 4.Semantic components in discourse
    • 4.1Encoding of Manner in discourse
      • 4.1.1Types of Manner verbs
      • 4.1.2Tokens of Manner verbs
      • 4.1.3Adverbial elements that encode Manner
    • 4.2Encoding of Path in discourse
      • 4.2.1Types of Path verbs
      • 4.2.2Tokens of Path verbs
    • 4.3Emergence of Cause
    • 4.4Encoding of Ground
  • 5.General discussion
    • 5.1Reassessing the typological change of motion expressions in Chinese
    • 5.2Domain-specific variation in motion encoding
    • 5.3Typological shift and maintenance of motion encoding
  • 6.Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • Abbreviations
  • References
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