The Role of Prescriptivism in American Linguistics 1820–1970

• Prelim pages | pp. i–iv
• Preface | pp. v–vi
• Table of contents | pp. vii–x
• 1.0 Introduction | pp. 1–5
• 1.1 Prescriptivism
• 1.2 Descriptivism
• 1.3 Other Linguistic Attitudes
• 1.4 Ecology of Language
• 1.5 Correctness in America
• 1.6 Organization of the Study
• 1.7 Attitude and Behavior
• 2.0 The Challenge to Prescriptivism: 1820-1851 | pp. 6–16
• 2.1 Reaction Against Rote Learning
• 2.2 William Samuel Cardell
• 2.3 Noah Webster
• 2.4 Attacks on Murray's Grammar
• 2.5 Goold Brown
• 2.6 Asa Rand
• 2.7 Effect of Nationalism
• 2.8 An Appeal from the Old Theory of English Grammar
• 2.9 Boundlessness and Romanticism
• 3.0 The Revival of Prescriptivism: 1851-1875 | pp. 17–30
• 3.1 Hempl's Indictment
• 3.2 The Genteel Culture
• 3.3 The Great Dictionary War
• 3.4 Attack on ‘Innovations’
• 3.5 Goold Brown Redux
• 3.6 Marsh and the ‘Anglican Community’
• 3.7 Prescriptivism and Personal Impressions
• 3.8 Correctness in the Common Schools
• 3.9 Richard Grant White
• 3.10 Fitzedward Hall
• 3.11 General Cultural Conditions
• 4.0 The Persistence of the Prescriptive Notion: The 20th-century | pp. 31–49
• 4.1 Public Attitudes and Linguistic Developments
• 4.2 Science and Language Study
• 4.3 Linguistic Ecology
• 4.4 The Genteel Continuity
• 4.5 The Role of NCTE
• 4.6 The ‘Standard English’ Notion
• 4.7 The Role of Grammar Instruction
• 4.8 The Stylistic Dimension
• 4.9 The Failed Revolutions
• 4.10 Correctness in the 1960's
• 4.11 Transformational Grammar and Correctness
• 4.12 The Intellectual Spirit of the 20th-century
• 4.13 The 1890's
• 4.14 The Revolt Against Formalism
• 4.15 The Progressive Dilemma and Language
• 4.16 The Special Status of Linguistic Attitudes
• 4.17 The Romantic Continuity
• 4.18 The Academic Protest
• 4.19 Universal Attitudes and Local Conditions
• 5.0 The Dictionary War | pp. 50–77
• 5.1 The Third and American Structuralism
• 5.2 The Initial Press Reaction
• 5.3 Deeper Criticisms
• 5.4 The Third as Bolshevism
• 5.5 The Editorial Touchstones
• 5.6 Gove's Rebuttal
• 5.7 Journalistic Defenses of the Third
• 5.8 Attacks by Professional Publications
• 5.9 Mario Pei
• 5.10 The Debate Sustained
• 5.11 The Character of the Attacks
• 5.12 Two Principal Attacks
• 5.13 The Professional Split
• 5.14 Sledd's Indictment
• 5.15 Prescriptive Strength
• 5.16 The British View
• 5.17 Business Rivalry
• 5.18 The Usage Panel
• 5.19 Prescriptivism Evidenced
• 6.0 Black English and the American Dream | pp. 78–106
• 6.1 Black vs. ‘Standard’ English
• 6.2 The Reality of ‘Standard’ English
• 6.3 The Reality of Black English
• 6.4 The Deficit Notion
• 6.5 Labov's Rebuttal
• 6.6 Eradication Movement
• 6.7 Enlightened Bidialectalism
• 6.8 Motives for Bidialectalism
• 6.9 Objections to Bidialectalism
• 6.10 Jensenism
• 6.11 A Sociolinguistic Option to Bidialectalism
• 6.12 The Prescriptive Continuity
• 7.0 Conclusion | pp. 107–109
• | pp. 113–123
• Index | pp. 125–130

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