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Article published In: Spanish in Context
Vol. 19:1 (2022) ► pp.72–98

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La voz como reacción emocional

De qué nos informa la prosodia

 | Universitat d’Alacant

Article language: Spanish

Published online: 25 February 2022
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/sic.20029.pad
Abstracta
Nuestra habilidad para entender las emociones de los demás en el habla es clave para conseguir una interacción social exitosa. Estudios procedentes de varias disciplinas apuntan que la prosodia es un elemento fundamental para que este éxito se produzca. Partiendo de la premisa de que la emoción es principalmente una reacción o respuesta a un estímulo previo, en este trabajo hemos analizado si es posible establecer una relación entre el enunciado que provoca la reacción emocional (detonador) y la respuesta emocional propiamente dicha, observando el comportamiento de las magnitudes acústicas (F0, dB y VEL) en el marco de la conversación coloquial. Para ello hemos llevado a cabo dos tipos de análisis: (a) la reacción sintagmática, entendida como la reacción a lo anterior (sea a la intervención de un hablante previo o sea a la parte no emocional de la intervención de un mismo hablante); y (b) la reacción paradigmática, esto es, qué sucede con los parámetros acústicos mencionados si son cotejados con el registro medio del hablante (F0, dB, VEL). Los resultados del análisis acústico-estadístico señalan que hay regularidad y direccionalidad manifiestas en el comportamiento de la F0 en las relaciones sintagmáticas. Esta regularidad, sin embargo, no es extrapolable a las otras dos magnitudes, ni a las reacciones paradigmáticas.
Abstract
The voice as an emotional reaction: What the prosody tells us
Our ability to understand other people’s emotions in speech is key to successful social interaction. Studies from various disciplines suggest that prosody is a key element to this success. Starting from the premise that emotion is mainly a reaction or response to a previous stimulus, we have analysed whether it is possible to establish a relationship between the statement that provokes the emotional reaction (trigger) and the emotional response itself by observing the behaviour of the acoustic magnitudes (F0, dB and VEL), within the framework of colloquial speech. To this end, we have carried out two types of analysis: (a) the syntagmatic reaction, understood as the reaction to the above (either to the intervention of a previous speaker or to the non-emotional part of the intervention of the same speaker); and (b) the paradigmatic reaction, that is, what happens to the previously mentioned acoustic parameters when compared with the average register of the speaker (F0, dB, VEL). The results of the acoustic-statistical analysis show that there are regularity and directionality evidences in the behaviour of the F0 in syntagmatic relationships. This regularity, however, cannot be extrapolated to the other two magnitudes, nor to the paradigmatic reactions.
Article outline
  • 1.Introducción
  • 2.La voz como respuesta-reacción emocional
    • 2.1Parámetros de análisis
    • 2.2Vías de exploración prosódica
  • 3.Reacciones pragmaprosódicas
    • 3.1Reacción sintagmática y reacción paradigmática
  • 4.El corpus y la selección de ejemplos
  • 5.Análisis acústico
    • 5.1Resultados
  • 6.Análisis de correlación
    • 6.1Interpretación estadística
  • 7.Discusión
  • 8.Conclusiones
  • Notas
  • Referencias
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