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In:Multilingual Acquisition and Learning: An ecosystemic view to diversity
Edited by Elena Babatsouli
[Studies in Bilingualism 67] 2024
► pp. 194–216

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Chapter 7
Early phonological acquisition in multi-accent contexts

 | National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University
 | University of Cambridge
Published online: 30 May 2024
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https://doi.org/10.1075/sibil.67.07sim
Abstract
Many children acquire the sound system of their language(s) in multi-accent environments. Yet, the variation and inconsistencies that exist in the linguistic input to these children and the effects of variable input on early phonological development remain relatively underexplored and underrepresented in the field of language acquisition. This chapter provides an overview of the growing body of work that examines early phonological acquisition in diverse contexts. It first describes the monolingual and bilingual contexts in which the phonetic and phonological properties of adult input can be particularly variable, followed by the different types of input variability. The implications of variable input on phonological development in children are then discussed, before some recommendations for researching early phonological acquisition.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
    • 1.1Input variability and phonological acquisition
  • 2.Sociolinguistic contexts in which input properties can be variable
    • 2.1Multi-varietal monolingual contexts
    • 2.2Bi-/multilingual contexts
      • 2.2.1Late-L2 bilingual caregivers and L1 attriters
      • 2.2.2Ethnic minorities/heritage speakers
      • 2.2.3Multilingual societies and long-term language contact
  • 3.Types of variability
    • 3.1Differential features in late-L2 bilingual caregivers and L1 attriters
    • 3.2Structured and socially-conditioned variation
      • 3.2.1Intra-speaker variation
      • 3.2.2Inter-speaker variation
  • 4.Implications of variable input for early phonological development
    • 4.1Regularisation
    • 4.2Delayed category formation / unstable phonemic categories
    • 4.3Input effects and differential production in children
    • 4.4Acquisition of socially-conditioned variation
    • 4.5Influence of peer and community norms
  • 5.Conclusion and some recommendations for researching child language
  • References
References (117)
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Cited by five other publications

Ghimenton, Anna, Christophe Coupé, Nelly Bonhomme, Jinke Song & Vincent Arnaud
2025. Modeling monolingual and bilingual children’s language attitudes towards variation in metropolitan France. Journal of Child Language ► pp. 1 ff. DOI logo
Sim, Jasper Hong & Brechtje Post
2025. Systematicity in Variability: English Coda Laterals of English-Malay Bilinguals in Multi-Accent Singapore. Language and Speech DOI logo
Babatsouli, Elena
2024. Phonological Disorders in Child Bilingualism. In The Cambridge Handbook of Bilingual Phonetics and Phonology, ► pp. 308 ff. DOI logo
Kwek, Geraldine
2024. Children’s English in Singapore: acquisition, properties, and use. Asian Englishes 26:3 ► pp. 718 ff. DOI logo
Sim, Jasper Hong
2024. Variation in VOT in English child-directed speech of English-Mandarin and English-Malay early bilinguals in Singapore. Asian Englishes 26:3 ► pp. 631 ff. DOI logo

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 1 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.

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