In:Columbia School Linguistics in the 21st Century
Edited by Nancy Stern, Ricardo Otheguy, Wallis Reid and Jaseleen Sackler
[Studies in Functional and Structural Linguistics 77] 2019
► pp. 259–280
A comparative study of the restrictive markings of mandarin Jiù, Cái, and Zhǐ
Published online: 2 October 2019
https://doi.org/10.1075/sfsl.77.10xia
https://doi.org/10.1075/sfsl.77.10xia
Abstract
This study analyzes Mandarin 就 (jiù),
才(cái), and 只(zhǐ), all of which
communicate messages of restrictiveness and may be translated as ‘just,’ ‘only,’ ‘no more,’ ‘no other,’ and other
such expressions of small quantity and restriction. The study shows that the three particles distinguish distinct
restricted situations vis-à-vis the backdrop of a “spatio-temporal-existential cline” (Tobin, 1995). Jiù’s restrictive meaning centers on the situation
itself, marking it as all there is. Cái evokes a temporal cline on which more entities
may accrue following the situation’s temporal progression. Zhǐ is similar to the English notion
of “only,” affirming one entity while excluding other entities in the same situation. The paper concludes with a
discussion of comparable restrictive markings in English and Mandarin.
Keywords: restrictive marking, Mandarin adverbs, Mandarin particles,
jiù
,
cái
,
zhǐ
, corpus, Columbia School, monosemic approach
Resumen
Un estudio comparativo de los marcadores restrictivos jiù, cái, zhǐ en MandarínEl presente estudio ofrece un análisis de las formas del mandarín 就
(jiù), 才(cái) y 只(zhǐ), las
cuales sirven para comunicar mensajes restrictivos que podrían traducirse como “solamente”, “nada más”, “no más”,
“ningún otro”, y otras restricciones cuantitativas de baja magnitud. El estudio demuestra que las tres partículas
distinguen situaciones restrictivas contra el fondo de una “escala espacio-temporal-existencial”
(Tobin, 1995). El significado restrictivo de
jiù
no hay más o todo lo que hay se centra en la situación en sí misma. Cái invoca
una escala temporal a la cual se pueden añadir más entidades. Zhǐ es similar a “only” en inglés,
afirmando una entidad al mismo tiempo que se excluyen otras en la misma situación. El trabajo concluye con una
comparación de marcadores de restrictividad en mandarín y en inglés.
Palabras clave: marcación restrictiva, adverbios en mandarín, partículas, jiù, cái, zhǐ, corpus, aproximación monosémica
Article outline
- 1.Mandarin particles of restrictiveness: Jiù, Cái, Zhǐ
- 2.Data and methodology
- 3.Meaning hypotheses
- 4. Jiù: all there is or [a = a]
- 5.Cái: inception or [a= > ABCD….]
- 6. Zhǐ: affirming one entity+negating other entities or [ABCD…]
- 7.Discussion and conclusion
Acknowledgments Notes References
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