In:Observing Eurolects: Corpus analysis of linguistic variation in EU law
Edited by Laura Mori
[Studies in Corpus Linguistics 86] 2018
► pp. 169–198
Chapter 8Observing Eurolects
The case of Greek
Published online: 6 December 2018
https://doi.org/10.1075/scl.86.08sos
https://doi.org/10.1075/scl.86.08sos
Abstract
The present paper presents the findings from the analysis of the Greek corpus of European Union directives spanning the years 1999–2008 (corpus A) and the corpus of the legal instruments used to transpose them into Greek law (corpus B). The aim of the analysis is to verify the existence of a Greek Eurolect, born through translation, and to highlight the differences between this new legal variety and the corresponding Greek legal variety. The findings of the study are particularly interesting as they point to the existence of a Greek Eurolect characterised by Europeisms on a lexical level; morphosyntactic preferences which do not conform to the Greek legal language conventions and norms; an extensive use of the future tense as a result of translating English shall into Greek; and an oscillation between the use of Κatharevousa and Demotiki, that is an H-variety and an L-variety of the Greek language.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.EU law and EU legal language
- 3.Greek law and legal language
- 4.Corpus design and methodology
- 4.1Directives: Translation and transposition characteristics
- 4.1.1The translation of directives
- 4.1.2The transposition of directives
- 4.2Corpus A
- 4.3Corpus B
- 4.4Corpus analysis: A multi-method approach
- 4.5Levels of analysis
- 4.1Directives: Translation and transposition characteristics
- 5.Corpora analysis and findings
- 5.1Qualitative analysis
- 5.1.1Interviews
- 5.1.2Qualitative corpus analysis
- 5.2Quantitative analysis and triangulation of results
- 5.2.1Analysis of EU-rooted phenomena
- 5.2.2Analysis of contact-induced features
- 5.2.3Analysis of intra-linguistic variability
- 5.2.4Triangulation of results and discussion
- 5.1Qualitative analysis
- 6.Conclusion
Acknowledgements Notes References
References (47)
(2014b). The textual fit of translated EU law: A corpus-based study of deontic modality. The Translator, 20(2), 1–24.
Biel, Ł., & Engberg, J. (2013). Research models and methods in legal translation. Linguistica Antverpiensia, 12, 1–11. Retrieved from <[URL]> (17 October 2016).
Bowker, L. & Pearson, J. (2002). Working with specialized language: A practical guide to using corpora. London: Routledge.
Caliendo, G., Di Martino, G., & Venuti, M. (2005). Language and discourse features of EU secondary legislation. In G. Cortese & A. Duszak (Eds.), Identity, community, discourse. English in intercultural settings (pp. 381–404). Bern: Peter Lang.
European Commission. nd. DGT In-house Style Guide for Greek. Retrieved from <[URL]> (17 October 2016).
Garzone, G. (2000). Legal translation and functionalist approaches: A contradiction in terms? In Legal translation: History, theory/ies and practice. Proceedings of the International Colloquium, University of Geneva (pp. 395–414). Bern: ASTI.
Gombos, K. (2014). EU law viewed through the eyes of a national judge. Retrieved from <[URL]> (17 October 2016).
Koskinen, K. (2008). Translating institutions: An ethnographic study of EU translation. Manchester: St. Jerome.
Koutsivitis, V. (1991). Quelques observations linguistiques concernant la version grecque des textes communautaires. Terminologie et Traduction, 3, 245–253.
Lenz, M. (2006). Grammatik und Stil: Das Passiv als stilistisches Mittel im Vergleich zu konkurrierenden grammatischen Konstruktionen (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Technical University Berlin. Retrieved from <[URL]> (17 October 2016).
Mason, I. (2012). Text parameters in translation: Transitivity and institutional cultures. In L. Venuti (Ed.), The translation studies reader (3rd ed.) (pp. 399–410). London: Routledge.
Mori, L. (2018). Introduction. The Eurolect Observatory Project
. In L. Mori (Ed.), Observing Eurolects. Corpus analysis of linguistic variation in EU law (Studies in Corpus Linguistics 86). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. (this volume)
(2011). Linguistic variation in legal Maltese: EU directives compared to national implementation laws. In S. Caruana, R. Fabri & T. Stolz (Eds.), Variation and change: The dynamics of Maltese in space, time and society (pp. 109–127). Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
(2008). Gli anni Sessanta e la costruzione dell’identità linguistica europea. Sulla formazione della varietà comunitaria d’italiano. In M. de Pasquale, G. Dotoli & M. Selvaggio (Eds.), I linguaggi del sessantotto. Atti del Convegno multidisciplinare (pp. 531–544). Roma: Editrice Apes.
(2005). L’italiano lingua della legislazione europea. In B. Turchetta, L. Mori, & R. Elisa (Eds.), Il mondo in italiano. Varietà ed usi internazionali della lingua (pp. 73–106). Roma: Editori Laterza.
(2003). L’euroletto: Genesi e sviluppo dell’italiano comunitario. In V. Ada, P. Molinelli, P. Cuzzolin & G. Bernini (Eds.), Ecologia linguistica. Atti del XXXVI Convegno internazionale di studi della Società di Linguistica Italiana (pp. 473–492). Roma: Bulzoni.
Moser, A. & Panaretou, E. (2011). Why a mother’s rule is not a law: The role of context in the interpretation of Greek laws. In A. Fetzer & E. Oishi (Eds.), Context and contexts. Part or whole? (Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 209) (pp. 11–40). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Panaretou, E. (2009). Νομικός Λόγος: Γλώσσα και Δομή του Νόμου [Legal language: Language and structure of the law]. Athens: Papazissis.
Pavlidou, T. (1991). Linguistic nationalism and European unity: The case of Greece. In F. Coulmas (Ed.), A language policy for the European community. Prospects and quandaries (pp. 279–289). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Piehl, A. (2006). The influence of EU legislation on Finnish legal discourse. In M. Gotti & D. S. Giannoni (Eds.), New trends in specialized discourse analysis, (pp. 183–194). Bern: Peter Lang.
Richards, J. C., Platt, J., & Platt, H. (1992). Longman dictionary of language teaching and applied linguistics. London: Longman.
Saldanha, G. (2009). Principles of corpus linguistics and their application to translation studies research. Revista Tradumàtica, 7. Retrieved from <[URL]> (17 October 2016).
Somssich, R., Várnal, J. & Bérczi, A. (2010). Lawmaking in the EU multilingual environment. Brussels: European Commission. Directorate General for Translation.
(2011). Training translators to work for the EU institutions: Luxury or necessity? JoSTrans ‒ The Journal of Specialised Translation, 16, 77–108. Retrieved from <[URL]> (10 October 2016).
Stephany, U. (2015). Mood and modal verbs in the English, German, and Greek official versions of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. In E. Miola & P. Ramat (Eds.), Language across languages: New perspectives on translation (pp. 123–142). Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars.
Tirkkonen-Condit, S. (2001). EU project proposals as hybrid texts: Observations from a Finnish research project. Across Languages and Cultures, 2(2), 261–264.
Tomatis, M. (2018). The Eurolect Observatory Multilingual Corpus. Construction and query tools. In L. Mori (Ed.), Observing Eurolects. Corpus analysis of linguistic variation in EU law (Studies in Corpus Linguistics 86). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. (this volume)
Tosi, A. (2005). EU translation problems and the danger of linguistic evaluation. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 15(3), 384–388.
Trosborg, A. (1997). Translating hybrid political texts. In A. Trosborg (Ed.), Text typology and translation (pp. 145–158). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Valeontis, K. E. & Krimpas Panagiotis, G. (2014). Νομική γλώσσα, νομική ορολογία: θεωρία και πράξη [Legal language, legal terminology: Theory and practice]. Athens: Nomiki Bibliothiki.
Cited by (3)
Cited by three other publications
Mori, Laura & Benedikt Szmrecsanyi
Kozobolis, Stavros
Mori, Laura
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 1 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
