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In:Applying Corpora in Teaching and Learning Romance Languages
Edited by Henry Tyne and Stefania Spina
[Studies in Corpus Linguistics 122] 2025
► pp. 403–406

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Index

Published online: 20 November 2025
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/scl.122.index
A
  • abroad, living or studying See also stay, contact 27, 95, 206, 356, 365
  • academicSee academic purposes, academic Spanish, academic writing
  • academic purposes 66–88, 181
  • academic Spanish 68, 69, 84
  • academic writing 19–21, 24, 25, 67, 69, 163
  • accent 43, 99
  • accuracy See also CAFIC 104, 151, 192–199, 274, 276, 286, 354
  • acquisition of language See also acquisition of discourse markers, acquisition of L3/Ln, acquisition of word order, second language acquisition (SLA) 90, 103, 188, 312
  • acquisition of discourse markers 206–228
  • acquisition of L3/Ln 91, 92, 104, 105, 354, 356, 366–368
  • acquisition of word order 229–255
  • additional language (L3/Ln) See also acquisition of L3/Ln 89–112, 352–374
  • advanced 16, 22, 184–188, 192, 236–238, 248–250, 313
  • affordanceSee affordance strategies, corpus affordances
  • affordance strategies 156, 158, 161
  • ageSee demographics
  • A-level examination 323–351
  • American English (AE) 133–153, 209, 314
  • AntConc See also concordancer 134, 150, 163, 166–169
  • artificial intelligence (AI)150
  • authenticity, authentic language, materials or contexts See also real language 28, 30–32, 40–42, 46, 48–51, 57, 58, 128, 162, 214, 266, 314, 324, 334, 336, 337, 397, 399
  • awarenessSee metalinguistic awareness, pragmatic awareness
B
  • beginner 124, 192, 248, 249, 275, 282, 394
  • booster 66–88
  • British English (BE) 133–153, 314
C
  • CA (Conversation Analysis) 375, 376
  • CAFIC (Complexity, Accuracy, Fluency, Idiomaticity, and Coherence model)354
  • causality 127, 366, 376
  • CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) 18, 124, 230, 238, 239, 251, 264, 275, 302, 352, 354, 392–394
  • children See also younger learners 117, 120, 236, 259, 260, 264, 267, 268, 274, 275, 326
  • classroom routines 265, 286
  • CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) 156, 163
  • code-switching269
  • cognition, cognitiveSee cognitive load or demand, cognitive process or ability, teachers’ cognition
  • cognitive load or demand 128, 160, 266
  • cognitive process or ability 22, 30, 42, 90–92, 104, 162, 258, 265
  • coherence See also CAFIC 68, 96, 98, 100–102, 105, 120, 161, 207, 265, 267, 352–374
  • cohesion 96, 98, 100–102, 105, 129, 161, 165, 352–374
  • collocationSee collocation knowledge, collocation learning, opaque collocation, transparent collocation
  • collocation knowledge187
  • collocation learning 189, 195, 198
  • Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR)See CEFR
  • common law 134, 148
  • communication, communicativeSee communicative consequences, communicative language teaching, communicative skill, oral communication
  • communicative consequences 94, 95, 100, 101, 105, 357, 359
  • communicative language teaching 162, 275
  • communicative skill 262, 350, 392, 396
  • competenceSee discourse competence, linguistic competence, metalinguistic competence, multicompetence, multilingual competence, narrative competence, phraseological competence, pragmatic competence
  • complexity See also CAFIC 29, 148, 184, 229–255, 279, 281, 282, 285, 354
  • comprehensionSee listening comprehension, reading comprehension
  • concordancer See also AntConc 22–24, 30, 168, 398–399
  • connector See also discourse connector, logical connector 16, 118, 119, 122–127, 394, 395
  • constitutionSee Italian constitution
  • contact with target language See also extracurricular contact 160, 162, 213, 214, 223
  • Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL)See CLIL
  • contracts, language of 132–153
  • contrastive See also non-contrastive 133, 231, 238, 242, 243, 245–250
  • Conversation Analysis (CA)See CA
  • corpus affordances 15, 294, 303, 306, 308, 313, 315, 323, 324, 328, 333, 345
  • crosslinguistic influence 90–93, 103, 104, 106
  • culture, cultural See also educational culture, interculture 50, 76, 81, 134, 148, 150, 151, 258, 259, 261–263, 310, 339, 379, 398
D
  • demographics 26, 207, 209, 213, 214, 260, 300–302, 304
  • deonticity, deontic 132–153
  • developmentSee professional development
  • dictionary 12, 28, 41, 43, 49, 56, 57, 163, 170, 174, 188, 224
  • discourseSee discourse competence, discourse connector, discourse marker
  • discourse competence354
  • discourse connector 207, 208
  • discourse marker 206–228
  • discovery learning 14, 16, 28, 29, 158, 163, 165, 188, 189, 296, 335, 337, 344, 345
  • draft See also writing 114–118, 120, 121, 123, 129
E
  • educationSee educational culture
  • educational culture See also culture 286, 287
  • elaborate response See also restricted response 267, 268, 285
  • end-focus principle231
  • end-weight principle See also weight229
  • epistemicSee epistemic fluency, epistemic modality
  • epistemic fluency134
  • epistemic modality 68, 70
  • error analysis 92, 309, 356
  • extracurricular contact See also contact 221–223, 225
F
  • facilitative transfer See also non-facilitative transfer 93, 94, 101, 106, 366
  • feedback 57, 90, 114, 151, 170, 301, 354, 355, 362–365, 368, 370
  • fluency See also CAFIC, epistemic fluency, listening fluency 44, 151, 214, 287, 333, 354
  • (Le) français fondamental 28, 41, 48–50
  • French as a foreign language (FFL, FLE) 20, 31, 113, 258–293, 375–402
G
  • GCSE examination 323–351
  • genderSee demographics
  • genetics, genetic 115, 118
H
  • heaviness, heavy See also weight 229–231, 235, 237, 241, 251
  • hedging 67, 70, 78, 84, 213
I
  • idiomaticity, idiomatic See also CAFIC 148, 150, 151
  • induction 16, 17, 21, 47, 57, 161, 163, 165, 296, 313
  • input processing model232
  • instructed second language acquisition (ISLA) See also second language acquisition370
  • IntelligenceSee artificial intelligence
  • Interaction 375–402
  • interculture, intercultural See also culture 132–153
  • interlanguage 92, 93
  • intermediate 16, 22, 88–111, 184, 192, 248, 249, 352, 355, 356, 366, 368, 369
  • intuition 12, 50, 58, 314
  • Italian constitution 156–179
J
  • jurilinguistics132
L
  • language for specific purposes (LSP) 156–179
  • law See also common law, legal 133, 152, 167, 172
  • learner-as-researcher 53, 58
  • legalSee legal language, legal systems, legal texts, legal translation
  • legal language133
  • legal systems 134, 150
  • legal texts 132, 133, 141, 146
  • legal translation 150, 152
  • lexical approach22
  • lexical-semantic 98, 100–103, 105
  • lexicogrammar 163, 165, 170, 181, 299, 325, 326
  • linguistic competence 156, 174, 182, 207, 212, 213, 223, 354
  • listeningSee listening competence, listening comprehension, listening fluency
  • listening competence44
  • listening comprehension 26, 40–64, 341, 392
  • listening fluency 41, 44
  • logical connector 159, 208
M
  • metacognition, metacognitive 22, 30, 160, 376, 398
  • metadiscourse, metadiscoursal, metadiscursive 66–73, 75, 81, 84, 85, 353
  • metalanguage, metalinguisticSee metalinguistic awareness, metalinguistic competence
  • metalinguistic awareness 93, 104, 355, 362, 367, 368
  • metalinguistic competence160
  • mitigation 66–88
  • motivation 85, 163, 259, 286, 353
  • multicompetence90
  • multilingual competence355
  • multilingualism, multilingual See also multilingual competence 30, 32, 34, 90, 101, 104–106, 355, 368
  • multimodality, multimodal 24, 25, 30, 34, 326, 376, 377, 379, 380, 384, 389, 398, 399
N
  • narrative See also narrative competence 268, 275, 375–402
  • narrative competence275
  • native speaker See also non-native speaker 18, 22, 40, 42–44, 58, 84, 85, 185, 187, 223, 231, 379
  • non-contrastive See also contrastive 245–247
  • non-facilitative transfer See also facilitative transfer 93, 94, 101, 102, 106, 366
  • non-native speaker See also native speaker 44, 87, 379
  • noticing 158, 161–163, 165, 168, 174

O

  • (semantically) opaque collocation 180–205
  • oralSee oral communication, oral data See also spoken corpora
  • oral communication 43, 58
  • oral dataSee spoken data
  • Orléans, Orléanais 29, 41, 48, 50, 52
  • orthography, orthographic See also spelling 26, 47, 98–100, 103, 239, 357
P
  • pedagogic corpus 13, 14, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 296, 315, 323, 325, 330, 344–346
  • phraseology, phraseological See also phraseological competence148
  • phraseological competence 180–204
  • positive transfer 103–105
  • pragmatics, pragmatic, pragmaticalisation See also pragmatic awareness, pragmatic competence 41, 44, 45, 49, 160, 207–209, 217, 232, 250, 310, 326, 353, 354, 359, 366, 376, 391, 392, 395, 398
  • pragmatic awareness See also pragmatics 376, 398
  • pragmatic competence See also pragmatics 30, 31, 208
  • primary school 114, 123, 126, 127, 262, 274, 303, 326
  • professional development 287, 316, 328, 338
  • pronunciation 43, 310, 326
  • prosody, prosodic See also prosodic weight, semantic prosody 26, 43, 232, 238, 377–380, 385, 397
  • prosodic weight 230, 235–237, 241
R
  • reading See also reading comprehension 24, 43, 44, 46, 58, 127, 181, 261, 275, 341, 365, 366, 368
  • reading comprehension 42, 160
  • real language See also authenticity 17, 47, 335, 336, 350, 351
  • register 150, 214, 220, 225, 336, 337, 340, 346, 398
  • responseSee elaborate response, restricted response
  • restricted response See also elaborate response 267, 268
  • role-play 30, 32, 263
  • routineSee classroom routines
S
  • scaffolding 156, 168, 189, 259, 274, 285, 287
  • schoolSee primary school, secondary school
  • second language acquisition (SLA) See also instructed second language acquisition 14, 15, 91, 92, 183, 369
  • secondary school 15, 30, 114, 126, 158, 162, 163, 259, 268, 273, 275, 299, 300, 324, 327, 344, 345–346, 365
  • semantic preference 158, 165, 169
  • semantic prosody159
  • semantic transparency 158, 180–204
  • semantics, semantic See also lexical-semantic, semantic preference, semantic prosody, semantic transparency 18, 45, 105, 151, 170, 207, 208, 236, 310, 353, 357
  • Sketch Engine 19, 24, 28, 150, 164, 168, 276
  • social network 213, 219, 221, 224, 225
  • sociolinguistics, sociolinguistic 14, 29, 102, 133, 207, 209, 210, 224, 268, 310, 311, 376
  • Spanish Language Teaching (SLT) 294–322
  • spelling See also orthography 117–119, 121, 310
  • spoken corpora 13, 23–25, 29, 30, 32, 40–64, 207, 208, 326, 376, 395, 397
  • spoken data 14, 19, 42, 43, 47, 209, 218, 235
  • stay, in target community See also abroad, contact 42, 211–214, 221, 222, 224, 225
  • story, storytelling 375–402
T
  • teachers’ cognition 300, 316
  • technology See also Technology-enhanced language learning and teaching 47, 50, 53, 54, 58, 331, 337, 344
  • technology-enhanced language learning and teaching316
  • textbook 15, 17, 18, 26, 31, 41, 43, 49–52, 54, 57, 90, 114, 262, 296, 300, 315, 326, 330, 393, 397, 399
  • transcription 47, 51, 56, 57, 115, 116, 210, 330
  • transferSee facilitative transfer, non-facilitative transfer, positive transfer
  • (semantically) transparent collocation 180–205
V
  • variation, variability 22, 68, 114, 151, 185, 209, 248, 251, 310, 311, 325
W
  • weightSee heaviness, prosodic weight
Y
  • young, younger speakers or learners See also children 23, 24, 45, 49, 58, 209, 214, 219, 220, 260, 315, 388
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