Cover not available

In:Frequency, Dispersion, Association, and Keyness: Revising and tupleizing corpus-linguistic measures
Stefan Th. Gries
[Studies in Corpus Linguistics 115] 2024
► pp. 308–318

Get fulltext from our e-platform
JBE logo with link
PDF logo with download linkDownload Book PDF
EPUB logo with download linkDownload Book EPUB
authorization required

References

Published online: 4 July 2024
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/scl.115.refs
Ackermann, Kirsten & Yu-Hua Chen. 2013. Developing the Academic Collocation List: A corpus-driven and expert-judged approach. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 12(4). 235–247.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Adelman, James S., Gordon D. A. Brown, & José F. Quesada. 2006. Contextual Diversity, not word frequency, determines word-naming and lexical decision times. Psychological Science 19(9). 814–823. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Adèr, Herman J. 2008. Modelling. In Herman J. Adèr & Gideon J. Mellenbergh (eds.), Advising on research methods: A consultant’s companion, 271–304. Huizen: Johannes van Kessel Publishing.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ambridge, Ben, Anna L. Theakston, Elena V. M. Lieven, & Michael Tomasello. 2006. The distributed learning effect for children’s acquisition of an abstract syntactic construction. Cognitive Development 21(2). 174–193. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Archer, Dawn (ed.). 2009. What’s in a word-list? Investigating word frequency and keyword extraction. London: Routledge.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Arppe, Antti. 2008. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate methods in corpus-based lexicography – A study of synonymy. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Alberta.
Aslin, Richard N. & Elissa L. Newport. 2012. Statistical learning: From acquiring specific items to forming general rules. Current Directions in Psychological Science 21(3). 170–176. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2011. Corpus linguistics and naive discriminative learning. Brazilian Journal of Applied Linguistics 11(2). 295–328. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Baayen, R. Harald, Petar Milin, Dusica Filipović-Đurđević, D., Peter Hendrix, & Marco Marelli. 2011. An amorphous model for morphological processing in visual comprehension based on naive discriminative learning. Psychological Review 118(3). 438–481. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Babych, Bogdan & Anthony Hartley. 2011. Meta-evaluation of comparability metric using parallel corpora. International Journal of Computational Linguistics and Applications 2(1–2). 209–222.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Baguley, Thom. 2012. Serious stats: A guide to advanced statistics for the behavioral sciences. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Baker, Paul. 2004. Querying keywords: Questions in difference, frequency, and sense in keyword analysis. Journal of English Linguistics 32(4). 346–359. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Baron, Alistair, Paul Rayson, & Dawn Archer. 2009. Word frequency and keyword statistics in historical corpus linguistics. Anglistik: International Journal of English Studies 20(1). 41–67.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bavaud, François. 2009. Information theory, relative entropy and statistics. In G. Sommaruga (ed.), Formal theories of information: Lecture notes in computer science, 54–78. Berlin: Springer. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Belov, Dmitry I. & Ronald D. Armstrong. 2011. Distributions of the Kullback-Leibler divergence with applications. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 64(2). 291–309. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Berger, Cynthia, Scott Crossley, & Stephen Skalicky. 2019. Using lexical features to investigate second language lexical decision performance. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 41(5). 911–935. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Berry-Rogghe, Godelieve L. M. 1974. Automatic identification of phrasal verbs. In John L. Mitchell (ed.), Computers in the humanities, 16–26. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bestgen, Yves & Sylviane Granger. 2014. Quantifying the development of phraseological competence in L2 English writing: An automated approach. Journal of Second Language Writing 26. 28–41. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Biber, Douglas, Randi Reppen, Erin Schnur, & Romy Ghanem. 2016. On the (non)utility of Juilland’s D to measure lexical dispersion in large corpora. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 21(4). 439–464. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bondi, Marina & Mike Scott (eds.). 2010. Keyness in texts. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bortz, Jürgen, Gustav A. Lienert, & Klaus Boehnke. 2008. Verteilungsfreie Methoden in der Biostatistik. 3rd corr. ed. Heidelberg: Springer Medizin Verlag.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bouma, Gerlof. 2009. Normalized (Pointwise) Mutual Information in collocation extraction. Proceedings of the Biennial GSCL Conference 30. 31–40.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bresnan, Joan, Anna Cueni, Tatiana Nikitina, & R. Harald Baayen. 2007. Predicting the dative alternation. In Gerlof Bouma, Irene Kraemer, & Joost Zwarts (eds.), Cognitive foundations of interpretation, 69–94. Amsterdam: Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Brezina, Vaclav, & Miriam Meyerhoff. 2014. Significant or random? A critical review of sociolinguistic generalisations based on large corpora. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 19(1). 1–28. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Brysbaert, Marc & Boris New. 2009. Moving beyond Kučera and Francis: A critical evaluation of current word frequency norms and the introduction of a new and improved word frequency measure for American English. Behavior Research Methods 41(4). 977–990. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Burch, Brent, Jesse Egbert, & Douglas Biber. 2017. Measuring and interpreting lexical dispersion in corpus linguistics. Journal of Research Design and Statistics in Linguistics and Communication Science 3(2). 189–216. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Burnham, Kenneth P. & David R. Anderson. 2001. Kullback-Leibler information as a basis for strong inference in ecological studies. Wildlife Research 28(2). 111–119. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bybee, Joan & Sandra A. Thompson. 1997. Three frequency effects in syntax. Berkeley Linguistics Society 23. 65–85. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Carroll, John B. 1970. An alternative to Juilland’s usage coefficient for lexical frequencies and a proposal for a standard frequency index. Computer Studies in the Humanities and Verbal Behaviour 3(2). 61–65.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Charles, Walter G., & George A. Miller. 1989. Contexts of antonymous adjectives. Applied Psycholinguistics 10(3). 357–375. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Chen, Stanley F. & Joshua Goodman. 1999. An empirical study of smoothing techniques for language modeling. Computer Speech and Language 13(4). 359–394. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Church, Kenneth W. 2000. Empirical estimates of adaptation: The chance of two Noriegas is closer to p/2 than p2. In Proceedings of the COLING 2000 (The 18th international conference on computational linguistics). np.
Church, Kenneth W. William Gale, Patrick Hanks, & Douglas Hindle. 1991. Using statistics in lexical analysis. In Uri Zernik (ed.), Lexical acquisition: Exploiting on-line resources to build a lexicon, 115–164. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Church, Kenneth W. & Patrick Hanks. 1993. Word association norms, mutual information, and lexicography. Computational Linguistics 16(1). 22–29.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Collins, Peter. 2021. Cultural keywords in World Englishes: A GloWbE-based study. ICAME Journal 45. 5–35. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Cover, Thomas H. & Joy A. Thomas. 2006. Elements of information theory. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Culpeper, Jonathan. 2002. Computers, language and characterisation: An analysis of six characters in Romeo and Juliet. In Ulla Melander-Marttala, Carin Östman, & Merja Kyto (eds.), Conversation in life and in literature, 11–30. Uppsala: Association Suédoise de Linguistique Appliquée.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Cvrček, Václav & Masako Fidler. 2019. More than keywords: Discourse prominence analysis of the Russian web portal Sputnik Czech Republic. In M. Berrocal & A. Salamurović (eds.), Political discourse in Central, Eastern and Balkan Europe, 93–117. Amsterdam John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2022. No keyword is an island: In search of covert associations. Corpora 17(2). 259–290. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Damerau, Frederick J. 1990. Evaluating computer-generated domain-oriented vocabularies. Information Processing and Management 26(6). 791–801. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
1993. Generating and evaluating domain-oriented multi-word terms from texts. Information Processing and Management 29(4). 433–447. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Daudaravičius, Vidas & Ruta Marcinkevičienė. 2004. Gravity counts for the boundaries of collocations. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 9(2). 321–348. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Degaetano-Ortlieb, Stefania & Elke Teich. 2016. Information-based modeling of diachronic linguistic change: From typicality to productivity. In Proceedings of the 10th SIGHUM Workshop on Language Technology for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, and Humanities (LaTeCH), 165–173. Berlin. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2022. Toward an optimal code for communication: The case of scientific English. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 18(1). 175–207. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Davies, Mark & Dee Gardner. 2010. A frequency dictionary of contemporary American English: Word sketches, collocates and thematic lists. London: Routledge.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Do, Youngah & Ryan Ka Yau Lai. 2019. Large-sample confidence intervals of information-theoretic measures in linguistics. Journal of Research Design and Statistics in Linguistics and Communication Science 6(1). 19–54Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Dunning, Ted. 1993. Accurate methods for the statistics of surprise and coincidence. Computational Linguistics 19(1). 61–74.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Durlak, Joseph A. 2009. How to select, calculate, and interpret effect sizes. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 34(9). 917–928. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Durrant, Phil & Norbert Schmitt. 2009. To what extent do native and non-native writers make use of collocations? International Review of Applied Linguistics 47. 157–177. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Edmundson, Harold P. & W. Wyllys. 1961. Automatic abstracting and indexing – Survey and recommendations. Communications of the ACM 4. 226–234. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Egbert, Jesse & Douglas Biber. 2019. Incorporating text dispersion into keyword analyses. Corpora 14(1). 77–104. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ellis, Nick C. 2006. Language acquisition as rational contingency learning. Applied Linguistics 27(1). 1–24. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ellis, Nick C., Ute Römer, & Matthew Brook O’Donnell. 2016. Usage-based approaches to language acquisition and processing. New York, NY: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ellis, Nick C. & Rita Simpson-Vlach. 2005. An academic formulas list (AFL): Extraction, validation, prioritization. Paper presented at Phraseology 2005, Université Catholique Louvain-la-Neuve.
Ellis, Nick. C., Rita Simpson-Vlach, & Carson Maynard. 2007. The processing of formulas in native and L2 speakers: psycholinguistic and corpus determinants. Paper presented at the Symposium on Formulaic Language, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
Eskridge, William N., Brian G. Slocum, & Stefan Th. Gries. 2021. The meaning of sex: Dynamic words, novel applications, and original public meaning. Michigan Law Review 119(7). 1503–1580.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Evert, Stefan. 2009. Corpora and collocations. In Anke Lüdeling & Merja Kytö (eds.), Corpus linguistics: An international handbook, Vol. 2, 1212–1248. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Evert, Stefan & Brigitte Krenn. 2001. Methods for the qualitative evaluation of lexical association measures. In Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 188–195. Toulouse. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Fankhauser, Peter, Jörg Knappen, & Elke Teich. 2014. Exploring and visualizing variation in language resources. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC’14), 4125–4128.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Fidler, Masako & Václav Cvrček. 2015. A data-driven analysis of reader viewpoints: reconstructing the historical reader using keyword analysis. Journal of Slavic Linguistics 23(2). 197–239. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Firth, John R. 1957. Studies in linguistic analysis. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Francis, W. Nelson & Henry Kučera. 1982. Frequency analysis of English usage: Lexicon and grammar. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Forster, Kenneth I. & Susan M. Chambers. 1973. Lexical access and naming time. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 12(6). 627–635. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Fidelholtz, James L. 1975. Word frequency and vowel reduction in English. Chicago Linguistic Society 11. 200–213.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gabrielatos, Costas. 2018. Keyness analysis: Nature, metrics and techniques. In Charlotte Taylor & Anna Marchi (eds.), Corpus approaches to discourse: A critical review, 225–258. London: Routledge. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gale, William A. & Geoffrey Sampson. 1995. Good-Turing frequency estimation without tears. Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 2(3). 217–237. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gardner, Dee & Mark Davies. 2014. A new Academic Vocabulary List. Applied Linguistics 35(3). 305–327.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Garson, G. David. 1975. Handbook of political science methods. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: Holbrook Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Glenberg, Arthur M. 1976. Monotonic and nonmonotonic lag effects in paired-associate and recognition memory paradigms. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 15(1). 1–15. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
1979. Component-levels theory of the effects of spacing of repetitions on recall and recognition. Memory and Cognition 7(2). 95–112. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Goldberg, Adele E. 1995. Constructions: A Construction Grammar approach to argument structure. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Goldberg, Adele E., Devin M. Casenhiser, & Nitya Sethuraman. 2004. Learning argument structure generalizations. Cognitive Linguistics 15(3). 289–316. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gómez, Rebecca L. 2002. Variability and detection of invariant structure. Psychological Science 13(5). 431–436. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Groom, Nicholas. 2009. Effects of second language immersion on second language collocational development. In Andy Barfield & Henrik Gyllstad (eds.), Researching collocations in another language, 21–33. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Null-hypothesis significance testing of word frequencies: A follow-up on Kilgarriff. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 1(2). 277–294.
2006. Exploring variability within and between corpora: Some methodological considerations. Corpora 1(2). 109–151. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2008. Dispersions and adjusted frequencies in corpora. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 13(4). 403–437. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2010. Dispersions and adjusted frequencies in corpora: Further explorations. In Stefan Th. Gries, Stefanie Wulff, & Mark Davies (eds.), Corpus linguistic applications: Current studies, new directions, 197–212. Amsterdam: Rodopi. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2013. 50-something years of work on collocations: What is or should be next … International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 18(1). 137–165. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2016. Quantitative corpus linguistics with R. 2nd rev. & ext. ed. New York & London: Routledge, pp. 274.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2018. The discriminatory power of lexical context for alternations: An information-theoretic exploration. Journal of Research Design and Statistics in Linguistics and Communication Science 5(1–2). 78–106. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2019b. Ten lectures on corpus-linguistic approaches: Applications for usage-based and psycholinguistic research. Leiden: Brill. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2020. Analyzing dispersion. In Magali Paquot & Stefan Th. Gries (eds.), A practical handbook of corpus linguistics, 99–118. Berlin: Springer. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2021a. Statistics for linguistics with R. 3rd rev. & ext. ed. Berlin: De Gruyter. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2021b. A new approach to (key) keywords analysis: Using frequency, and now also dispersion. Research in Corpus Linguistics 9(2). 1–33. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2022b. What do (most of) our dispersion measures measure (most)? Dispersion? Journal of Second Language Studies 5(2). 171–205. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2022c. Towards more careful corpus statistics: Uncertainty estimates for frequencies, dispersions, association measures, and more. Research Methods in Applied Linguistics 1(1). Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2022d. Multi-word units (and tokenization more generally): A multi-dimensional and largely information-theoretic approach. Lexis 19. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
2024. Corrections to Nelson (2023): DPnorm and DKLnorm are not wrong on pi at all. Journal of Quantitative Linguistics. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
To appear. Cultural keywords in varieties research: Some suggestions to extend existing work. World Englishes.
Gries, Stefan Th., Beate Hampe, & Doris Schönefeld. 2005. Converging evidence: Bringing together experimental and corpus data on the association of verbs and constructions. Cognitive Linguistics 16(4). 635–676. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gries, Stefan Th. & Joybrato Mukherjee. 2010. Lexical gravity across varieties of English: An ICE-based study of n-grams in Asian Englishes. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 15(4). 520–548. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Groom, Nicholas. 2009. Effects of second language immersion on second language collocational development. In Andy Barfield & Henrik Gyllstad (eds.), Researching collocations in another language, 21–33. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hackstein, Olav & Ryan Sandell. 2023. The rise of colligations: English can’t stand and German nicht ausstehen können. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 28(1). 60–90. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Harris, Zellig S. 1970. Papers in structural and transformational linguistics. Dordrecht: Reidel. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hilpert, Martin & Stefan Th. Gries. 2009. Assessing frequency changes in multi-stage diachronic corpora: Applications for historical corpus linguistics and the study of language acquisition. Literary and Linguistic Computing 34(4). 385–401. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hoffman, Elaine B., Pranab K. Sen, Clarice R. Weinberg. 2001. Within-cluster resampling. Biometrika 88(4). 1121–1134. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Howes, Davis H. & Richard L. Solomon. 1951. Visual duration threshold as a function of word probability. Journal of Experimental Psychology 41(6). 401–410. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hunston, Susan. 2002. Corpora in applied linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
James, Gareth, Daniela Witten, Trevor Hastie, & Robert Tibshirani. 2021. An introduction to statistical learning with applications in R. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Juilland, Alphonse G., Dorothy R. Brodin, & Catherine Davidovitch. 1970. Frequency dictionary of French words. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Juilland, Alphonse & E. Chang-Rodriguez. 1964. Frequency dictionary of Spanish words. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Justeson, John S. & Slava M. Katz. 1991. Co-occurrences of antonymous adjectives and their contexts. Computational Linguistics 17(1). 1–20.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Karlsson, Fred. 1985. Paradigms and word forms. Studia Gramatyczne 7. 135–154.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 1986. Frequency considerations in morphology. Zeitschrift für Phonetik, Sprachwissenschaft und Kommunikationsforschung 39(1). 19–28. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Koplenig, Alexander. 2017. A data-driven method to identify (correlated) changes in chronological corpora. Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 24(4). 289–318. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Kullback, Solomon & Richard A. Leibler. 1951. On information and sufficiency. Annals of Mathematical Statistics 22(1). 79–86. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Kuperman, Victor, Hans Stadthagen-Gonzalez, & Marc Brysbaert. 2012. Age-of-acquisition ratings for 30,000 English words. Behavior Research Methods 44. 978–990. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Kyle, Kristopher & Scott A. Crossley. 2015. Automatically assessing lexical sophistication: Indices, tools, findings, and application. TESOL Quarterly 49(4). 757–786. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Lachman, Roy. 1973. Uncertainty effects on time to access the internal lexicon. Journal of Experimental Psychology 99(2). 199–208. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Langacker, Ronald W. 1987. Foundations of Cognitive Grammar I: Theoretical prerequisites. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Langenhorst, Jan, Yannick Frommherz, & Simon Meier-Vieracker. 2023. Keyness in song lyrics: Challenges of highly clumpy data. Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics 36(1). 21–38. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Leech, Geoffrey, Paul Rayson, & Andrew Wilson. 2001. Word frequencies in written and spoken English: Based on the British National Corpus. London: Longman.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Leech, Geoffrey & Roger Fallon. 1992. Computer corpora – What do they tell us about culture? ICAME Journal 16. 29–50.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Lester, Nicholas A. 2017. The syntactic bits of nouns: How prior syntactic distributions affect comprehension, production, and acquisition. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Santa Barbara.
Lester, Nicholas A., Daniel Baum, & Tirza Biron. 2018. Phonetic duration of nouns depends on de-lexicalized syntactic distributions: Evidence from naturally occurring conversation. In Chuck Kalish, Martina Rau, Jerry Zhu, & Timothy Rogers (eds.), Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 2035–2040. Madison, WI.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Lester, Nicholas A., Laurie B. Feldman, & Fermín Moscoso del Prado Martín. 2017. You can take a noun out of syntax…: Syntactic similarity effects in lexical priming. In Glenn Gunzelmann, Andrew Howes, Thora Tenbrink, & Eddy Davelaar (eds.), Proceedings of the 39th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 2537–2542. London, UK.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Lester, Nicholas A. & Fermín Moscoso del Prado Martín. 2017. Syntactic flexibility in the noun: evidence from picture naming. In Anna Papafragou, Daniel Grodner, Daniel Mirman, & John C. Trueswell (eds.), Proceedings of the 38th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 2585–2590. Philadelphia, PA.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Liebetrau, Albert M. 1983. Measures of association. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Lijffijt, Jefrey & Stefan Th. Gries. 2012. Correction to “Dispersions and adjusted frequencies in corpora”. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 17(1). 147–149. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Lim, Zheng Wei, Harry Stuart, Simon De Deyne, Terry Regier, Ekaterina Vylomova, Trevor Cohn, & Charles Kemp. 2022. A computational approach to discovering cultural keywords across languages. PsyArXiv, last edited 22 Nov 2022.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Linzen, Tal & T. Florian Jaeger. 2015. Uncertainty and expectation in sentence processing: Evidence from subcategorization distributions. Cognitive Science 40(6). 1382–1411. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Linzen, Tal, Alec Marantz, & Liina Pylkkänen. 2013. Syntactic context in visual world recognition: An MEG study. The Mental Lexicon 8(2). 117–139. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mahlberg, Michaela. 2008. Clusters, key clusters and local textual functions in Dickens. Corpora 2(1). 1–31. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
McConnell, Kyla & Alice Blumenthal-Dramé. 2022. Effects of task and corpus-derived association scores on the online processing of collocations. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 18(1). 33–76. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
McDonald, Scott A. & Richard C. Shillcock. 2001. Rethinking the word frequency effect: The neglected role of distributional information in lexical processing. Language and Speech 44(3). 295–323. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
McEnery, Anthony, Richard Xiao, & Yukio Tono. 2006. Corpus-based language studies: An advanced resource book. London & New York: Routledge.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mehl, Seth. 2021. What we talk about when we talk about corpus frequency: The example of polysemous verbs with light and concrete senses. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 17(1). 223–247. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Michelbacher, Lukas, Stefan Evert, & Hinrich Schütze. 2011. Asymmetry in corpus-derived and human word associations. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 7(2). 245–276. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mildenberger, Thoralf. 2023. Assessing keyness using permutation tests. arXiv: 2308.13383v1, last accessed 25 Aug 2023.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Milin, Petar, Dusica Filipović-Đurđević, D., & Fermín Moscoso del Prado Martín. 2009. The simultaneous effects of inflectional paradigms and classes on lexical recognition: Evidence from Serbian. Journal of Memory and Language 60(1). 50–64. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Milin, Petar, Victor Kuperman, Aleksandar Kostić, & R. Harald Baayen. 2009. Words and paradigms bit by bit: An information-theoretic approach to the processing of inflection and derivation. In James P. Blevins & Juliette Blevins (eds.), Analogy in grammar: Form and acquisition, 214–252. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Millar, Neil & Brian S. Budgell. 2008. The language of public health – A corpus-based analysis. Journal of Public Health 16(5). 369–374. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mollin, Sandra. 2009. Combining corpus linguistic and psychological data on word co-occurrences: Corpus collocates versus word associations. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 5(2). 175–200. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Monroe, Burt L., Michael P. Colaresi, & Kevin M. Quinn. 2008. Fightin’ words: Lexical feature selection and evaluation for identifying the content of political conflict. Political Analysis 16(4). 372–403. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Monsell, Stephen. 1991. The nature and locus of word frequency effects in reading. In Derek Besner & Glyn W. Humphreys (eds.), Basic processes in reading: Visual word recognition, 148–197. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Moran, Matthew D. 2003. Arguments for rejecting sequential Bonferroni in ecological studies. OIKOS 100. 403–405. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Morrison, Catriona M., Andrew W. Ellis, & Philip T. Quinlan. 1992. Age of acquisition, not word frequency, affects object naming, not object recognition. Memory and Cognition 20. 705–714. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mukherjee, Joybrato & Tobias Bernaisch. 2015. Cultural keywords in context: A pilot study of linguistic acculturation in South Asian Englishes. In Peter Collins (ed.), Grammatical change in English world-wide, 411–435. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Nakagawa, Shinichi. 2004. A farewell to Bonferroni: The problems of low statistical power and publication bias. Behavioral Ecology 15(6). 1044–1045. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Nelson, Robert. 2023. Too noisy at the bottom: Why Gries’ (2008, 2020) dispersion measures cannot identify unbiased distributions of words. Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 30(2). 153–166. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Nenadić, Filip, Petar Milin, & Benjamin V. Tucker. 2021. Relative entropy effects on the processing of spoken Romanian verbs. The Mental Lexicon 16(1). 23–48. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Oakes, Michael & Malcolm Farrow. 2007. Use of the chi-squared test to examine vocabulary differences in English language corpora representing seven different countries. Literary and Linguistic Computing 22(1). 85–99. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Oldfield, R. & A. Wingfield. 1965. Response latencies in naming objects. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A(17). 273–281. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Onnis, Luca, Padraic Monaghan, Morten H. Christiansen, & Nick Chater. 2004. Variability is the spice of learning, and a crucial ingredient for detecting and generalizing in nonadjacent dependencies. In Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 1678–1683.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Paquot, Magali. 2010. Academic vocabulary in learner writing: From extraction to analysis. London & New-York, Continuum.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2013. Lexical bundles and transfer effects. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 18(3). 391–417. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2014. Cross-linguistic influence and formulaic language: Recurrent word sequences in French learner writing. In Leah Roberts, Ineke Vedder, & Jan H. Hulstijn (eds.), Eurosla Yearbook, Vol. 14, 216–237. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2017. L1 frequency in foreign language acquisition: Recurrent word combinations in French and Spanish EFL learner writing. Second Language Research 33(1). 13–32. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Paquot, Magali & Yves Bestgen. 2009. Distinctive words in academic writing: A comparison of three statistical tests for keyword extraction. In Andreas Jucker, Daniel Schreier, & Marianne Hundt (eds.), Corpora: Pragmatics and discourse, 247–269. Amsterdam: Rodopi. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Paulsen, Mikkel Ekeland. To appear. Assessing word commonness: Adding dispersion to frequency. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics.
Pecina, Pavel. 2010. Lexical association measures and collocation extraction. Language Resources and Evaluation 44(1–2). 137–158. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Pedersen, Ted. 1996. Fishing for exactness. In Proceedings of the South-Central SAS Users Group Conference (SCSUG-96), 27-29.10.1996, Austin, TX.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Pojanapunya, Punjaporn & Richard Watson Todd. 2018. Log-likelihood and odds ratio: Keyness statistics for different purposes of keyword analysis. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 14(1). 133–167. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Rayner, Keith & Susan A. Duffy. 1986. Lexical complexity and fixation times in reading: Effects of word frequency, verb complexity, and lexical ambiguity. Memory and Cognition 14(3). 191–201. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Rayson, Paul, Damon Berridge, & Brian J. Francis. 2004. Extending the Cochran rule for the comparison of word frequencies between corpora. In Gérald Purnelle, Cédrick Fairon, & Anne Dister (eds.), Le poids des mots: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Statistical analysis of textual data, Vol. II, 926–936. Louvain-la-Neuve: Presses Universitaires de Louvain.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Rayson, Paul & Amanda Potts. 2020. Analysing keyword lists. In Magali Paquot & Stefan Th. Gries (eds.), Practical handbook of corpus linguistics, 119–139. Berlin: Springer. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Resnik, Philip. 1996. Selectional constraints: An information-theoretic model and its computational realization. Cognition 61(1–2). 127–159. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Rogers, Phillip G. & Stefan Th. Gries. 2022. Grammatical gender disambiguates syntactically similar nouns. Entropy 24(4), 520. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Römer, Ute & Stefanie Wulff. 2008. Applying corpus methods to written academic texts: Explorations of MICUSP. Journal of Writing Research 2(2). 99–127. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Rosengren, Inger. 1971. The quantitative concept of language and its relation to the structure of frequency dictionaries. Études de Linguistique Appliquée (Nouvelle Série) 1. 103–127.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Savický, Petr & Jaroslava Hlaváčová. 2002. Measures of word commonness. Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 9(3). 215–231. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Schmid, Hans Joerg. 2010. Entrenchment, salience, and basic levels. In Dirk Geeraerts & Hubert Cuyckens (eds.), The Oxford handbook of cognitive linguistics, 117–138. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Schooler, Lael J., & John R. Anderson. 1997. The role of process in the rational analysis of memory. Cognitive Psychology 32(3). 219–250. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Schneider, Ulrike. 2020. ΔP as a measure of collocation strength: Considerations based on analyses of hesitation placement. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 16(2). 249–274.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Schuchardt, Hugo. 1885. Über die Lautgesetze: Gegen die Junggrammatiker. Berlin.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Scott, Mike. 1997. PC analysis of key words – And key words. System 25(2). 233–245. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Seidenberg, Mark S. & Mayellen C. MacDonald. 1999. A probabilistic constraints approach to language acquisition and processing. Cognitive Science 23(4). 569–588. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Sheskin, David. 2011. Handbook of parametric and non-parametric statistical procedures. 5th ed. Boca Raton, FL: Taylor & Francis.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Shlens, Jonathon. 2014. Notes on Kullback-Leibler Divergence and Likelihood Theory. arXiv preprint, 1404.2000v1, 8 April 2014.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Sinclair, John M. 1996. The search for units of meaning. Textus 9(1). 75–106.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Siyanova-Chanturia, Anna. 2015. Collocation in beginner learner writing: A longitudinal study. System 53. 148–160. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Sönning, Lukas. 2024. Evaluation of keyness metrics: Performance and reliability. Corpus Linguistics and Linguistic Theory 20(2). 263–288. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Spärck Jones, Karen. 1972. A statistical interpretation of term specificity and its application in information retrieval. Journal of Documentation 28(1). 11–21. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Stefanowitsch, Anatol & Stefan Th. Gries. 2003. Collostructions: Investigating the interaction between words and constructions. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 8(2). 209–243. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 1996. Text and corpus analysis: Computer-assisted studies of language and culture. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Suethanapornkul, Sakol & Sarut Supasiraprapa. To appear. Usage events and constructional knowledge: A study of two variants of the introductory-it construction. Studies in Second Language Acquisition.
Sun, Hao & Jean-Pierre Koenig. 2017. There are more valence alternations than the ditransitive. In Julia Nee, Margaret Cychosz, Dmetri Hayes, Tyler Lau, & Emily Remirez (eds.), Proceedings of the 43rd Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society, 291–308. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Linguistics Society.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Tomokiyo, Takashi & Matthew Hurst. 2003. A language model approach to keyphrase extraction. In Proceedings of the ACL 2003 Workshop on Multiword Expressions: Analysis, Acquisition and Treatment, 33–40. Stroudsbury, PA. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Tribble, Christopher. 2002. Small corpora and teaching writing: Towards a corpus-informed pedagogy of writing. In Mohsen Ghadessy, Alex Henry, & Robert L. Roseberry (eds.), Small corpus studies and ELT: Theory and practice, 381–408. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Tucker, Benjamin V., Daniel Brennerm, D. Kyle Danielson, Matthew C. Kelley, Filip Nenadić, & Michelle Sims. 2019. The Massive Auditory Lexical Decision (MALD) database. Behavior Research Methods 51. 1187–1204. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
van Heuven, Walter J. B., Pawel Mandera, Emmanuel Keuleers, & Marc Brysbaert. 2014. SUBTLEX-UK: A new and improved word frequency database for British English. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 67(6). 1176–1190. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
VanPatten, Bill, Jessica Williams, Gregory D. Keating, & Stefanie Wulff. 2020. Introduction: The nature of theories. In Bill VanPatten, Gregory D. Keating, & Stefanie Wulff (eds.), Theories in second language acquisition: An introduction, 1–17. New York, NY: Routledge. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Weisberg, Herbert F. 1974. Models of statistical relationship. The American Political Science Review 68(4). 1638–1655. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Wettler, Manfred, Reinhard Rapp, & Peter Sedlmeier. 2005. Free word associations correspond to contiguities between words in texts. Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 12(2–3). 111–122. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Wilcox, Allen R. 1973. Indices of qualitative variation and political measurement. The Western Political Quarterly 26(2). 325–343. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Zhai, Chengxiang & John Lafferty. 2004. A study of smoothing methods for language models. ACM Transactions on Information Systems 22(2). 179–214. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Zipf, George K. 1935. The psycho-biology of language. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mobile Menu Logo with link to supplementary files background Layer 1 prag Twitter_Logo_Blue