Cover not available

In:Experimental Arabic Linguistics
Edited by Dimitrios Ntelitheos and Tommi Tsz-Cheung Leung
[Studies in Arabic Linguistics 10] 2021
► pp. 1–20

Get fulltext from our e-platform
JBE logo with link
PDF logo with download linkDownload Book PDF
EPUB logo with download linkDownload Book EPUB
authorization required

Introduction

Experimental approaches to Arabic linguistics

ORCiD logo with link | United Arab Emirates University
ORCiD logo with link | United Arab Emirates University
Published online: 26 July 2021
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/sal.10.int
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Experimental Arabic linguistics
    • 2.1Experimental phonetics
    • 2.2Psycholinguistic studies
    • 2.3Eye-tracking studies
    • 2.4Neurophysiological studies
    • 2.5Typical and atypical language development
  • 3.Papers in this volume
  • References
References (108)
References
Abdalla, F. (2002). Specific language impairment in Arabic-speaking children: Deficits and morphosyntax. PhD dissertation. McGill University, Canada.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Abdalla, F., & Crago, M. (2008). Verb morphology defects in Arabic speaking children with specific language impairment. Applied Psycholinguistics, 29, 315–340. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Abdulkarim, L; Roeper, T., & de Villiers, J. (1997). Negative Islands in Language Acquisition. Paper presented at New Perspectives on Language Acquisition: Minimalism and Pragmatics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, June 2-4, 1997.
Abu El-Haija, L. A. (1981). The acquisition of the negation system in Arabic as spoken in Jordan, PhD dissertation. The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Abu-Nofal, H. (2005). Learning to inflect Palestinian Arabic adjectives in plural contexts. Paper presented at the Workshop on the acquisition of Morphology in Palestinian Arabic: Universal, particular and contextual factors, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, Friday, July 29, 2005.
Abu-Rabia, S. (1997). Reading in Arabic orthography: The effects of vowels and context on reading accuracy of poor and skilled Arabic native readers in reading paragraphs, sentences, and isolated words. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 26, 465–482. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
(2001). The role of vowels in reading Semitic scripts: Data from Arabic and Hebrew. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 14, 39–59. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Abu-Rabia, S., & Siegel, L. S. (1995). Different orthographies, different context effects: The effects of Arabic sentence context in skilled and poor readers. Reading Psychology: An International Quarterly, 16, 1–19. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Aftat, M. (1982). The acquisition of negation and wh-questions in a Moroccan Arabic speaking four-year-old child. PhD dissertation. University of Texas at Austin, TX.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Alamri, A. (2017). Phonological, semantic and root activation in spoken word recognition in Arabic: Evidence from eye movements. PhD dissertation. University of Ottawa, Canada.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Al-Ani, S. H. (1970). Arabic phonology: An acoustical and physiological investigation. The Hague: Mouton. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Albirini, A. (2018). The acquisition of Arabic as a first language. In E. Benmamoun, & R. Bassiouney (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of Arabic linguistics (pp. 227–248). Oxford: Routledge.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Al-Buainain, H. (2003). Developmental stages of the acquisition of negation and interrogation by children native speakers of Qatari dialect. Journal of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, 25, 9–45. [URL]
Alhawary, M. T. (2006). Language impairment. In K. Versteegh (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Arabic language and linguistics (pp. 674–681). Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Aljenaie, K. (2008). Negation in early Kuwaiti Arabic child language. Arab Journal for the Humanities, 26,102. Kuwait: Kuwait University.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
(2010). Verbal inflection in the acquisition of Kuwaiti Arabic. Journal of Child Language, 4, 841–863. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Aljenaie, K. & Farghal, M. (2009). Comprehension of three word orders in Kuwaiti Arabic child language. Language Sciences, 31, 494–506. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Al Kaabi, M. (2015). The anatomy of Arabic words: The role of the root in representations and processing. PhD dissertation. New York University, New York.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Aller, Y. S. K. (1978). The acquisition of relative clause constructions in Arabic. PhD dissertation. Indiana University, Bloomington, IN.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Allopenna, P. D., Magnuson, J. S., & Tanenhaus, M. K. (1998). Tracking the time course of spoken word recognition using eye movements: Evidence for continuous mapping models. Journal of Memory and Language, 38(4), 419–439. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Al-Rashid, W., B. Al-Dosary, & R. Al-Salloom. (2010). Visual attention on search engine results: Information retrieval of Arabic web content. Paper presented in IADIS 2010 Informatics 2010 Conference, June 30, 2010.
Al-Salloom, R., W. Al-Rashid, & B. Aldosary. (2010). An exploratory eye tracking study of visual attention on web adverts and banners. Paper presented in IADIS 2010 Informatics 2010 Conference, June 30, 2010.
Al-Tamimi, F. and Heselwood, B. (2011). Nasoendoscopic, videofluoroscopic and acoustic study of plain and emphatic coronals in Jordanian Arabic. In B. Heselwood, & Z. Hassan (Eds.), Instrumental studies in Arabic phonetics (pp. 165–191). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Al-Wabil, A. H. Al Gibreen, R. George, & B. Aldosary. (2010). Exploring the validity of learning styles as effective personalization parameters in elearning environments: An eyetracking Study. Paper presented in International Conference on Computer Technology and Development (ICCTD 2010), Nov 2, 2010.
Ammar, W. (1992). Articulation disorders in Arabic. PhD dissertation. University of Alexandria, Egypt.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ammar, W., & K. Rifaat. (1998). An acoustic study of vowels of deaf and normal-hearing thirteen to eighteen-year-old Egyptian females. Jerash for Research and Studies 2(2), 29–38.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ammar, W., & Morsi, R. (2006). Phonological development and disorders: Colloquial Egyptian Arabic. In H. Zhu (Ed.) Phonological development and disorders in children (pp. 204–232). Bristol, UK: Multilingual Matters Limited. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ayyad, H., & Bernhardt, B. M. (2009). Phonological development of Kuwaiti Arabic: Preliminary data. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics, 23(11), 794–807. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Badry, F. (2005). Acquisition of Arabic word formation: A multi-path approach. In M. T. Alhawary, & E. Benmamoun (Eds.), Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics XVII-XVIII (pp. 243–272). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
(2006). First language acquisition. In K. Versteegh (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Arabic language and linguistics (pp. 96–104). Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bakalla, M. H. (1983). The treatment of nasal elements by early Arab and Muslim phoneticians. In H. M. Cornelis, E. F. Versteegh, K. Koerner, & H-J. Niederehe (Eds.), The history of linguistics in the Near East (pp. 49–69). Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Basaffar, F. M., & Safi, S. M. (2012). The acquisition of verbal inflections in Hijazi Arabic. Arab World English Journal, 3–2, 266–304.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Behnstedt, P. & Woidich, M. (2013). Dialectology. In J. Owens (ed.) The Oxford handbook of Arabic Linguistics (pp. 300–325). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bentin, S., & Ibrahim, R. (1996). New evidence for phonological processing during visual word recognition: The case of Arabic. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 22, 309–323. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Blanco-Elorrieta, E., & Pylkkänen, L. (2016). Bilingual language control in perception versus action: MEG reveals comprehension control mechanisms in anterior cingulate cortex and domain-general control of production in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Journal of Neuroscience, 36(2), 290–301. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bolotin, N. (2002). Acquisition of binding in L1 Arabic. In D. B. Parkinson, & E. Benmamoun (Eds.), Perspectives on Arabic linguistics XIII-XIV (pp. 211–218). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Boudelaa, S., & Marslen-Wilson, W. D. (2004a). Abstract morphemes and lexical representation: The CV-Skeleton in Arabic. Cognition, 92, 271–303. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
(2004b). Allomorphic variation in Arabic: Implications for lexical processing and representation. Brain and Language, 90, 106–116. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
(2005). Discontinuous morphology in time: Incremental masked priming in Arabic. Language and Cognitive Processes, 20, 207–260. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Boudelaa, S., Pulvermüller, F., Hauk, O., Shtyrov, Y., & Marslen-Wilson, W. D. (2009). Arabic morphology in the neural language system: A mismatch negativity study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22(5), 998–1010. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Boudelaa, S., M. Bozic & W. Marslen-Wilson. (2010). Neuro-cognitive complexity of Semitic morphology: An fMRI investigation of derivational morphology in Arabic. Paper presented in the Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, San Diego, California, USA, Nov 13–17, 2010.
Boudelaa, S., & Marslen-Wilson, W. D. (2011). Productivity and priming: Morphemic decomposition in Arabic. Language and Cognitive Processes, 26, 624–652. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bozic, M., Tyler, L. K., Ives, D. T., Randall, B., & Marslen-Wilson, W. D. (2010). Bi-hemispheric foundations for human speech comprehension. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., 107, 17439–17444.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Chiat, S. (2001). Mapping theories of developmental language impairment: Premises, predictions and evidence. Language and Cognitive Processes, 16(2–3), 113–142. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Dahan, D., Magnuson, J. S., & Tanenhaus, M. K. (2001). Time course of frequency effects in spoken-word recognition: Evidence from eye movements. Cognitive Psychology, 42(4), 317–367. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Dyson, A. & Amaryeh, M. M. (2007). Jordanian Arabic speech acquisition. In S. McLeod. (Ed). The international guide to speech acquisition (pp. 288–299). Clifton Park, NY: Thomson Delmar Learning.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Embarki, M. (2013). Phonetics. In J. Owens (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of Arabic linguistics (pp. 37–49). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Embarki, M., Ouni, S., Yeou, M., Guilleminot, C., & Al Maqtari, S. (2011). Acoustic and electromagnetic articulographic study of pharyngealisation: Coarticulatory effects as an index of stylistic and regional variation in Arabic. In B. Heselwood, & Z. Hassan (Eds.), Instrumental studies in Arabic phonetics (pp. 193–215). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Engbert, R., Longtin, A., & Kliegl, R. (2002). A dynamical model of saccade generation in reading based on spatially distributed lexical processing. Vision Research, 42, 621–636. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Engbert, R., & Kliegl, R. (2012). Parallel graded attention models of reading. In S. P. Liversedge, I. D. Gilchrist, & S. Everling (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of eye movements (pp. 787–800). Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Engbert, R., Nuthmann, A., Richter, E. M., & Kliegl, R. (2005). SWIFT: A Dynamical Model of Saccade Generation During Reading. Psychological Review, 112, 777–813. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Fahim, D. (2005). Developmental language impairment in Egyptian Arabic. PhD dissertation. University of London.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Farid, M., & Grainger, J. (1996). How initial fixation position influences visual word recognition: A comparison of French and Arabic. Brain and Language, 53(3), 351–368. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Friedmann, N., & Haddad-Hanna, M. (2014). The comprehension of sentences derived by syntactic movement in Palestinian Arabic-speaking children with hearing impairment. Applied Psycholinguistics, 35, 473–513. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gafos, A., Hoole, P., & Zeroual, C. (2011). Preliminary study of Moroccan Arabic word-initial consonant clusters and syllabification using electromagnetic articulography. In B. Heselwood, & Z. Hassan (Eds.), Instrumental studies in Arabic phonetics (pp. 27–46). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gathercole, S. E. (2006). Nonword repetition and word learning: The nature of the relationship. Applied Psycholinguistics, 27, 513–543. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gathercole, S. E., & Baddeley, A. D. (1990). The role of phonological memory in vocabulary acquisition: A study of young children learning new names. British Journal of Psychology, 81, 439–454. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ghali, M. M. (1983). Pharyngeal articulation. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 46, 432–444. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gray, W. S. (1956). The teaching of reading and writing. Paris: Unesco.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hassan, Z. M., Esling, J., Moisik, S., & Crevier-Buchman, L. (2011). Aryepiglottic trilled variants of /ʕ, ħ/ in Iraqi Arabic. In Proceedings of the 17th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (pp. 831–834). Hong Kong. [URL]
Hassan, Z., & Esling, J. (2011). Investigating the emphatic feature in Iraqi Arabic: Acoustic and articulatory evidence of coarticulation. In B. Heselwood, & Z. Hassan (Eds.), Instrumental studies in Arabic phonetics (pp. 218–234). Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hassan, Z. M., & Heselwood, B. (2011). Instrumental studies in Arabic phonetics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hemforth, B. (2013). Experimental linguistics. In M. Aronoff (Ed.), Oxford online bibliographies (pp. 1–16). New York: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hermena, E. W., Drieghe, D., Hellmuth, S., & Liversedge, S. P. (2015). Processing of Arabic diacritical marks: Phonological–syntactic disambiguation of homographic verbs and visual crowding effects. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 41(2), 494–507. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hermena, E. W. (2016). Aspect of word and sentence processing during reading Arabic: Evidence from eye movements. PhD dissertation. University of Southampton.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hermena, E. W., Liversedge, S., & Drieghe, D. (2017). The influence of a word’s number of letters, spatial extent, and initial bigram characteristics on eye movement control during reading: Evidence from Arabic. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43, 451–471. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Heselwood, B., Howard, S., & Ranjous, R. (2011). Assimilation of /l/ to /r/ in Syrian Arabic: An electropalatographic and acoustic study. In B. Heselwood, & Z. Hassan (Eds.), Instrumental studies in Arabic phonetics (pp. 63–98). Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Heselwood, B., & Al-Tamimi, F. (2011). A study of the laryngeal and pharyngeal consonants in Jordanian Arabic using nasoendoscopy, videofluoroscopy and spectrography. In B. Heselwood, & Z. Hassan (Eds.), Instrumental studies in Arabic phonetics (pp. 101–128). Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Jordan, T. R., Almabruk, A. A. A., Gadalla, E. A., McGowan, V. A., White, S. J., Abedipour, L., & Paterson, K. B. (2014). Reading direction and the central perceptual span: Evidence from Arabic and English. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 21, 505–511. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Khattab, G. (2007). Lebanese speech acquisition. In S. McLeod (Ed.), The international guide to speech acquisition (pp. 300–312). Clifton Park, NY: Thomson Delmar Learning.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Khattab, G., Al-Tamimi, F., & Heselwood, B. (2006). Acoustic and auditory differences in the /t/-/t̠/ opposition in male and female speakers of Jordanian Arabic. In S. Boudelaa (Ed.), Perspectives on Arabic linguistics XVI (pp. 131–160). Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mahfoudhi, A. (2007). Roots and patterns in Arabic lexical processing. In E. Benmamoun (Ed.), Perspectives on Arabic linguistics XIX (pp. 123–150). Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Marinis, T., & Armon-Lotem, S. (2015). Sentence repetition. In S. Armon-Lotem, J. de Jong, & N. Meir. (eds.) Methods for assessing multilingual children: Disentangling bilingualism from language impairment (pp. 95–124). Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Matar, S., Pylkkänen, L., & Marantz, A. (2019). Left occipital and right frontal involvement in syntactic category prediction: MEG evidence from Standard Arabic. Neuropsychologia, 135, 107230. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Moawad, R. (2006). The acquisition of the Arabic gender and number systems. PhD dissertation. University of Wales Bangor.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mourchid, Y. (1998). The acquisition of case-marking in Moroccan Arabic as a first language. Master Thesis. University of Southern California.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mustafawi, E., & Mahfoudhi, A. (2002). The development of binding principles: New findings. Cahiers linguistiques d’Ottawa, 30, 91–111.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ntelitheos, D., & Idrissi, A. (2017). Language growth in child Emirati Arabic. In H. Ouali (Ed.), Perspectives on Arabic linguistics XXIX (pp. 229–248). Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Paterson, K., Almabruk, A., McGowan, V., White, S., & Jordan, T. (2015). Effects of word length on eye movement control: The evidence from Arabic. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 22, 1443–1450. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Perea, M., Mallouh, R. A., & Carreiras, M. (2010). The search of an input coding scheme: Transposed-letter priming in Arabic. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 17, 375–380. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Prunet, J.-F., Béland, R., & Idrissi, A. (2000). The mental representation of Semitic words. Linguistic Inquiry, 31, 609–648. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ravid, D., & Farah, R. (1999). Learning about noun plurals in early Palestinian Arabic. First Language, 19, 187–206. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ravid, D., & Hayek, L. (2003). Learning about different ways of expressing number in the development of Palestinian Arabic. First Language, 23, 41–63. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Remya, P. G., Anwar, R., & Jeyasekhar, S. (2011). Visual reading patterns on Arabic interfaces: Insights from eye tracking. Journal of Computing, 3, 11, 109–114.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Reichle, E. D., Pollatsek, A., Fisher, D. L., & Rayner, K. (1998). Toward a model of eye movement control in reading. Psychological Review, 105, 125–157. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Reichle, E. D., Rayner, K., & Pollatsek, A. (2003). The EZ Reader model of eye-movement control in reading: Comparisons to other models. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 26, 445–476. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Rola, F. (2005). The emergence of noun plurals in Palestinian Arabic: A case study. Paper presented in the Workshop on the acquisition of morphology in Palestinian Arabic: Universal, particular and contextual factors. Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, Friday, July 29, 2005.
Roman, G., & Pavard, B. (1987). A comparative study: How we read Arabic and French. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Roman, G., Pavard, B., & Asselah, B. (1985). Traitement perceptive des phrases ambigues en Arabe. Cahiers de Psychologie Cognitive, 5, 5–22.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Rvachew, S., Royle, P., Gonnerman, L. M., Stanké, B., Marquis, A., & Herbay, A. (2017). Development of a tool to screen risk of literacy delays in French-speaking children: PHOPHLO. Canadian Journal of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, 41(3), 321–340.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Safi, M. S. Z. (2006). Language Pathology. In K. Versteegh (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Arabic language and linguistics (pp. 687–694). Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Saiegh-Haddad, E., & Schiff, R. (2016). The impact of diglossia on voweled and unvoweled word reading in Arabic: A developmental study from childhood to adolescence. Scientific Studies of Reading 20, 311–324. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Salameh, E.-K., Nettelbladt, U., & Norlin, K. (2003). Assessing phonologies in bilingual Swedish-Arabic children with and without language impairment. Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 19, 338–364. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Salameh, E.-K., Håkansson, G., & Nettelbladt, U. (2003). Developmental perspectives on bilingual Swedish-Arabic children with and without impairment: A longitudinal study. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 39, 65–91. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Schluter, K. T. (2013). Hearing words without structure: Subliminal speech priming and the organization of the Moroccan Arabic lexicon. PhD dissertation. The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Shaalan, S. (2010). Investigating grammatical complexity in Gulf-Arabic speaking children with specific language impairment. PhD dissertation. University College London, UK.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Shahin, K. (1995). Child Language evidence on Palestinian Arabic phonology. In E. Clark (Ed.) Proceedings of the 26th child language research forum (pp. 104–116). Stanford, CSLI.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
(2002). Remarks on the speech of Arabic-speaking children with cleft palate. California Linguistics Notes, 27, 1, 1–10.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Smadi, O. M. (1980). The acquisition of the Jordanian Arabic interrogation and negation by a three-year-old native speaker of Jordanian Arabic. PhD dissertation. The University of Texas at Austin, TX.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Snowling, M., Chiat, S., & Hulme, C. (1991). Words, nonwords and phonological processes: Some comments on Gathercole, Willis, Emslie and Baddeley. Applied Psycholinguistics, 12, 369–373. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Tanenhaus, M. K., Spivey-Knowlton, M. J., Eberhard, K. M., & Sedivy, J. C. (1995). Integration of visual and linguistic information in spoken language comprehension. Science, 268 (5217), 1632–1634. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Twist, A. E. (2006). A psycholinguistic investigation of the verbal morphology of Maltese. PhD dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ussishkin, A., Dawson, C. R., Wedel, A., & Schluter, K. (2015). Auditory masked priming in Maltese spoken word recognition. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience 30(9), 1096–1115. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Walter, M. A. (2006). Child language. In K. Versteegh (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Arabic language and linguistics (pp. 375–378). Leiden: Brill.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Westerlund, M., Kastner, I., Al Kaabi, M., & Pylkkänen, L. (2015). The LATL as locus of composition: MEG evidence from English and Arabic. Brain and Language, 141, 124–134. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Yeou, M. and Maeda, S. (2011). Airflow and acoustic modelling of pharyngeal and uvular consonants in Moroccan Arabic. In Z. Hassan and B. Heselwood (Eds.). Instrumental studies in Arabic Phonetics (pp. 141–164). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Zawaydeh, B. A. (2003). The interaction of the phonetics and phonology of gutturals. In J. Local, R. Ogden, & R. Temple (Eds.), Phonetic interpretation: Papers in laboratory phonology (pp. 279–292). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Zeroual, C., Esling, J. H., & Hoole, P. (2011). EMA, endoscopic, ultrasound and acoustic study of two secondary articulations in Moroccan Arabic. In B. Heselwood, & Z. Hassan (Eds.), Instrumental studies in Arabic phonetics (pp. 277–297). Amsterdam, John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mobile Menu Logo with link to supplementary files background Layer 1 prag Twitter_Logo_Blue