In:Research Methods in Cognitive Translation and Interpreting Studies
Edited by Ana María Rojo López and Ricardo Muñoz Martín
[Research Methods in Applied Linguistics 10] 2025
► pp. 347–352
Index
Published online: 1 April 2025
https://doi.org/10.1075/rmal.10.index
https://doi.org/10.1075/rmal.10.index
A
- accessibility73, 165
- accessible195, 262
- accuracy6, 32, 165, 175, 187, 192, 195,
220, 238, 251, 304, 314, 333, 339
- accurate13, 164, 224, 226, 246–248
- inaccuracy225, 334
- inaccurate9, 228
- affect37, 62
- affective51, 270, 280
- affect-laden259, 270
- algorithm6, 160, 227, 237, 250, 265, 293, 295, 297
- alpha band288, 291
- ambiguity294, 296
- ambiguous34
- unambiguous78
- anatomical282, 290, 295
- annotation135, 141–142,
148, 175, 194, 196, 205–206
- annotate12, 163
- anomaly174, 282, 311
- ANOVA174, 289, 340–341
- anxiety28, 221, 244, 270, 285, 311
- apparatus220, 334
- articulation184–186, 192–193, 284, 289
- articulate293
- articulatory187
- artifact6, 202, 250, 252, 263, 290–297, 315–316, 319
- asynchronous151
- attitude27, 33–34,
36, 112, 118
- attitudinal78, 81
- attribute28, 70, 95, 143, 147, 167, 312, 314
- audio description162
- audio described259–260
- audiovisual5, 13, 54, 75, 165, 213, 217–218, 229, 259, 269
- augmented reality54
- automation206
- automated100, 195, 217, 219, 228, 316
- automatic148, 186, 198–199, 205, 237, 312
- automatic speech recognition11–12, 183, 193, 198–199, 205, 218
- automaticity31
- semi-automatic135, 146
- autonomy60, 139
- autonomic62, 258
B
- baseline227, 264, 267, 287–288, 320
- benchmark289
- beta band281
- between-subject170, 294, 313
- bias9, 16, 22, 29, 75–76, 113,
118, 124, 126, 149, 188, 292–293
- unbiased9, 23
- bidirectional332
- biographical188, 307
- biomarker85, 262
- biometric160, 224, 240, 285
- biophysical295–296
- blood-oxygenation- level dependent (BOLD)305–307, 313
C
- cause189, 334–335,
337, 339
- causal143, 290, 295, 342
- cause-and-effect25, 143, 147
- chunk167
- chunking185
- clinical49, 256–257,
285, 334
- clinic54
- cognate32, 205, 283, 331
- coherence32, 50, 288, 297
- coherent111, 185, 252
- cohesion32, 50, 111
- cohort122, 142, 174
- competence34, 40, 57, 188, 217–218
- comprehension9, 28, 32, 34, 79, 80, 83,
96, 168, 186, 189, 191, 193, 222,
343–344
- comprehensibility219
- computer-aided translation (CAT)51, 145, 150, 166, 218
- concentration127, 259–260
- confidentiality7, 29, 62, 64, 69–71, 123, 139–140, 148, 240, 261, 285
- confirmatory26, 113
- connectivity282–284, 287, 306–309, 321
- connectivity pattern, functional14, 279
- connectivity, functional281, 288, 296, 310
- connectivity, wireless267
- conscious30, 53, 56, 100, 113, 118–119
- conscious awareness112, 174
- conscious effort126
- self-consciousness241, 244
- unconscious53, 100, 118–119, 283, 293
- constraint120, 143, 194, 320, 332
- constrained22, 30, 77, 241, 341
- constraint, practical7, 169, 304
- constraint, time143, 148, 165–166, 189
- unconstrained189
- construct4, 28, 34–35, 37, 40–41, 112, 167, 169, 190–191, 217
- construct, core283
- construct, dynamic eyetracking241
- construct, field-specific284
- construct, key297
- construct, latent79
- construct, psychological38
- continuum33, 49, 50, 52–53,
63, 113
- continuum, spoken184
- core7, 21, 85, 172, 225, 279, 286
- coregistration317
- correlation161–162, 192, 221, 223,
240, 256, 292, 307, 312–313
- correlational25, 143
- cortical280, 287, 293, 295, 309, 313
- covariate166–167
- criterion8, 21–23,
36–37, 52, 73, 75, 98, 144,
147
- criterion, exclusion293, 320, 342
- criterion, measurement242
- criterion, predefined207
- criterion, selection58, 338
- cycle281
- cycle, menstrual294
D
- dataset16, 25, 42, 71, 86, 158, 163–164, 172, 174–175, 184, 190, 200, 204, 206, 291, 311
- debriefing267
- deficits306
- definition3, 12, 24, 56, 73, 83, 100,
144, 184, 192, 216
- definition, foundational70
- definition, operational35, 148, 261
- delay102, 222, 238, 264, 281
- dendrite280
- dependency150, 176, 186, 193, 200,
288
- co-dependencies191
- dependability171
- dependent variable313
- interdependence329
- depletion190
- depolarization258
- desynchronization283, 288
- diachronic137
- diagnostic
163, 262, 245, 311, 314
- undiagnosed220
- dilation150, 219, 221, 237–238, 247, 249
- dimension100, 134, 169, 216
- directionality26–27, 138, 143, 218, 243, 283, 332
- discrete281, 291, 326
- discrimination282, 327
- disorder, bipolar163
- dysfunction, immune system258
- dyslexia216
- dysregulation258
E
- ecological validity10–11, 40, 49, 52, 58, 69, 77, 86, 94, 97, 102–103, 135, 142, 148, 150, 157, 159, 166, 175–176, 191, 202–204, 217, 219, 220, 224, 228–229, 270, 294–296, 320
- effect size73, 289, 342
- efficiency15, 147, 149, 165, 168–169, 207, 312
- efficiency, cognitive163
- efficiency, keyboard activity150
- efficiency, search144
- efficiency, translation146
- electrocardiography257
- electrodermal257
- electroencephalography (EEG)3, 41, 257, 306
- electromagnetic interference292
- electromyography257, 291
- electrooculography247
- electrophysiological14, 279–280, 286
- elicitation97
- emerge92, 117, 138, 264
- encoding30, 99, 101, 175, 318, 328, 281
- epistemology61, 63
- epoch292, 295
- equivalent144, 185, 190, 192, 195, 218, 283, 332, 333
- ethnography108–109, 117
- autoethnography114, 120
- ethnographic84, 116, 169, 175
- ethnographic observation119–120, 137
- ethnographic research method5, 10
- event-related potentials (ERP)14, 281, 296
- evidence, convergent309–310
- execution11, 92, 94, 99–100,
329
- executive27, 31, 187
- expertise33, 35, 51, 115, 157, 165–166, 195, 201, 217, 284
- extraction11, 149, 286
- extraction, phonetic feature196, 198
F
- face240, 250, 252, 293
- facial expression142, 205, 235, 237, 281, 295
- Faraday cage290
- field map317
- figurative language259
- file drawer problem342
- fingerprint recognition160
- flexibility30–31, 69, 84, 86,
289, 341
- flexibility, cognitive25, 37
- fluency26–27, 160, 165, 187,
189, 201
- fluency, verbal34
- focal method202
- fovea214, 216, 237
- foveate243
- parafoveal processing214–216
- functional imaging304–305, 317, 319
G
- gamma band281
- generalization26, 32, 34, 96, 102, 126, 148,
201, 223, 337
- generalizability42, 54, 58–59, 148, 173, 248
- generalization interference39
- generalize16, 21
- gesture175, 205, 235, 237
- gesticulate295
- grammatical32, 185, 193, 199
- grammatical category167, 186
- grammatical complexity78, 287
- granularity5, 149, 158, 161
- granular analysis147
- granular data169
H
- habit35, 75, 126, 166, 240
- haemodynamic consequences306
- handedness27, 70, 221, 287, 294, 313
- heart rate variability (HRV)13, 257, 259–260, 264
- heterogeneity41–42, 174, 284
- heterogeneous16, 310
- homographs283
- hyperscanning297
- hypothesis4, 32, 126, 174, 198
- hypothesis, eye-mind214–215, 237, 251
I
- idiosyncrasy26, 97, 121, 124
- immersion10, 26, 109, 114, 127
- immersive technology54
- impairment76, 163, 193
- impaired audience259–260
- impedance262–263, 292
- implicit5
- incentive63, 74
- incongruent288, 332
- independent38, 84, 147, 198, 223, 311
- independence329
- independent variable16, 32, 96, 143, 164–166, 189–191, 201, 204, 221, 243, 249, 261–262, 286, 313
- indicator51, 79, 94, 134, 165, 228, 264
- indicator, on-screen140–141
- indicator, physiological12, 15, 267
- Myers-Briggs Type Indicator28, 37
- induce103, 148, 264
- induction329
- inhibition333
- inhibitory280
- instrument57, 69–70,
86, 96–97, 108, 128, 332
- instrumental235, 239
- intelligence37
- intelligence, artificial (AI)42, 206
- interface52, 162, 191
- interface design133
- interface, brain-speech202
- interface, digital10
- interface, user141
- interface, web-based75
- interhemispheric281
- interoceptive280
- interoperability195, 201, 312
- interoperable29
- interpersonal201, 229
- interpolation290
- interval148, 166, 172, 258, 264,
269, 324–326, 334
- interval, interbeat258, 265
- interval, interkeystroke141, 150, 157, 168
- intervention61, 113–114,
194, 262, 316
- intervening time310
- intonation184–185
- intralingual translation (see also paraphrasing)138
- intrinsic307
- intrinsic ST difficulty168
- introspection10, 72, 108
- introspective28, 101, 110, 150, 169
- intrusive12, 220, 270
- intrusiveness204, 260
- intuitive196
- counterintuitive109, 118, 163
- iteration215
- iterative78, 119
J
- judgment (judgement)34, 79–80, 186
K
- keyboard52, 142, 146, 160, 163,
168, 172, 175
- keyboard event149, 151, 158, 164
- knowledge7, 21, 30, 32, 289
L
- laboratory184
- laboratory condition7–8, 10
- laboratory environment4, 55, 220
- laboratory setting54, 97, 102–103, 166, 201, 220, 267
- laboratory study175, 226
- latency157, 185, 202, 222, 263–264, 281, 287, 329–331, 333–337, 339–341
- latency, canonical282
- latency, translation332
- learning121–122
- AI learning206
- deep learning160
- L2 learner147
- learnability58
- learning curve141, 207, 226, 268–269
- learning process135
- learning time251
- learning, language26, 93
- lexical
- lexical change169
- lexical choice51
- lexical decision331
- lexical density165
- lexical effect281
- lexical feature216
- lexical frequency191, 287, 330
- lexical meaning185
- lexical memory331
- lexical network191
- lexical process281
- lexical retrieval332
- lexical search167
- lexical selection27
- lexical unit215, 283, 330
- Likert26, 33–34, 82
- linear293, 329
- linear analysis172
- linear mixed model341
- linear relation330
- non-linearity121
- logarithmic340
- longitudinal84, 125, 170
- longitudinal study17, 126, 175, 201
M
- magnetoencephalography306
- manipulability190
- masking203
- mastoid280, 291
- matrix63, 185
- meaning31, 109
- mechanism12, 14, 102, 257, 281
- metabolism258
- metabolic energy305
- metacognition10, 25, 138, 139
- metadata184, 196, 198, 202–203, 205, 217
- microethnography109
- microsaccade237, 251
- mispronunciation204
- modality14, 100, 103, 148, 203,
216, 279, 295, 326
- modality, sensory325, 329, 336
- modality, spoken31, 194
- modality, visual191, 219
- module172
- modular327
- modulation281, 287
- module, record173
- monitor8, 11
- monitor, heart rate247, 251, 265, 269–270
- self-monitoring121, 157, 169
- monolingual24, 27, 33, 162, 165, 215
- morphological50, 305, 336
- isomorphologically288
- morphophonological32, 331
- morphosyntactic192
- motivation26, 37, 84, 163, 167, 221, 336
- motor15, 168, 173, 202, 216,
306, 324, 329, 336
- motoric280, 287
- visual-motor28
- multidimensional175, 284, 286, 296
- multilingual64, 120, 282, 284, 308–309
- multimethod41, 119, 121, 284
- multimodal11, 157, 162, 175–176, 187
- multitasking310
N
- N400282–284, 286–287
- nervous system13–15, 257–258, 266, 288
- neural14, 283, 295, 297, 306,
310, 321
- neural activity221, 288, 305–307
- neural machine translation147
- neuroanatomy289, 313, 320–321
- neurobiological308
- neuroimaging14, 308, 318
- neurolinguistics204, 282–283
- neurological27, 219, 285, 293
- neurophysiological289
- neuroplastic284
- neurotransmitter280
- neurovascular coupling306, 321
- neutrality61
- gender-neutral79
- neutral332
- neutral identifier71
- neutral, stylistically219
- nonlinear221, 265
- norm165, 266
- numerical28, 33, 35, 144, 187
- Nyquist-Shannon theorem291
O
- observer effect50, 61, 64
- obtrusiveness8, 10–11,
142
- non-obtrusive174
- unobtrusive4, 52, 55, 115, 134–135, 142, 150–151, 157, 204, 285
- unobtrusiveness133
- occipital282
- occipital site, lateral281
- oculomotor216, 292–293
- operationalization79, 140, 159, 189–190, 192
- operationalize30, 84, 144, 189, 191, 243, 284, 286
- optimal30, 78, 147, 295
- optimization170, 316
- suboptimal284
- orbitofrontal cortex315
- overgeneralization24, 63, 98
- oversimplification318
P
- P600282, 286
- paradigm11–12, 183–184, 201–202,
204, 213–214, 219, 229, 310, 331
- paradigm, experimental315, 326
- paradigm, observational187, 191
- parameter30, 99, 160, 165, 184, 187, 192, 225, 263, 315, 340
- paraphrasing (see also intralingual translation)82, 165
- parse12, 149, 186, 200, 236
- p-hacking342
- phenomenon184–185, 189, 192, 205,
222, 287
- phenomenon, cognitive225, 229
- phenomenon, linguistic186, 281
- phenomenon, speech-related189, 203
- phenomenon, translation17, 223
- phonetic190, 196, 202–203
- phonetician184
- phoneme287, 330
- phonological184, 191, 281, 336
- photoplethysmography265
- photoplethysmogram269
- pilot147
- pilot study112, 174, 221, 249
- pilot test9, 82, 195, 202
- plasticity308–309
- portable (see also wearability)101, 267
- portability103, 141
- portable device290, 292, 294, 296, 342
- non-portable device268
- positron emission tomography (PET)305, 307, 310
- postsynaptic280, 295
- precision35, 144, 157–158, 171, 195, 220, 227, 237, 251,
267, 269, 334, 343
- imprecise24
- prediction
- predictability282
- predictor31, 257, 262
- preprocessing215, 286, 290, 292, 317, 341
- pretesting78, 200
- prime330, 332
- priming effect330, 333
- projection system315
- prosody77
- prosodic184–185
- protocol15, 29, 100, 120, 227, 268, 316
- protocol, experimental317, 319
- protocol, retrospective93, 96, 98, 135, 139
- protocol, think-aloud93, 217
- protocol, verbal97, 190, 202
- psycholinguistics2, 6, 26, 49, 70, 213, 217,
223
- psycholinguistic32, 287
- psychometric27–28, 38
- psychopathology265
- psychophysiology13
- psychosocial factor262
- pupillometry215, 221
Q
- qualitative4, 41, 73, 85, 108–109, 119, 128, 143, 149, 152, 169–170, 222
- qualitative analysis97, 135, 148, 157, 174
- qualitative data9, 34–35, 70, 85, 238
- qualitative field observation10, 118–119, 120, 125–126
- qualitative research23, 92, 127, 173
- quantitative1–2, 4–5, 9–11,
71, 152, 157, 169, 173–174
- quantitative analysis97, 108–109, 149
- quantitative data34, 70, 85, 270
- quantitative measure79
R
- random22–23, 286–287, 333–335,
337–339, 341
- non-random50, 287
- pseudorandomize289
- randomization147, 166, 190, 221, 342
- randomize stimulus289
- rationale6, 42, 49, 53, 165, 170, 330
- readability165, 190, 219
- readable202, 249
- recall9, 93, 98–103, 203, 244
- recovery258
- recover phase266
- unrecoverable191, 203, 292
- redundancy3, 186, 194
- reflexivity113, 118, 126
- reformulation14, 165, 168, 279, 297
- regression32, 147, 174, 220, 222,
239
- regressive eye movement243
- reliability36, 38–40,
42, 75–76, 79, 97, 102, 139,
191, 202, 206, 222, 248, 252, 269
- reliability, inter-rater149, 174
- repetition52, 317
- repetitive122, 288
- replication7, 21, 24, 36–37,
42, 148, 201, 227, 342
- replicability148, 170
- repository38, 64, 151, 172, 342
- representation95–96, 126, 205, 304
- representation, conceptual331
- representation, double185
- representation, graphical242
- representation, mental330
- representation, semantic216
- representation, visual172
- misrepresentation63
- representativeness22, 248–249
- reproducibility170, 227, 311
- reproducible finding286, 312
- resilience6
- resolution5, 306, 308
- resolution, spatial291, 294–295, 314–316, 320–321
- resolution, temporal225, 289, 306
- rhythm138, 158, 160, 281, 288
- rhythm, circadian262
- rigor5, 72, 165
- rigorous18, 28
- rubric146, 186
S
- saccade5, 32, 215, 222, 228, 236–237, 241–242, 249
- salience126, 243
- scale78, 81, 82
- scan311, 316
- scanner3, 306, 308
- scanpath238, 241–242, 247, 249, 251
- scrutiny83, 170, 172, 188, 198, 205, 207, 219, 289
- segment161, 194, 223
- segment, task168
- segmentation11, 134,171, 185, 198
- sensitivity174, 240, 268
- sensitivity, measurement38–39, 41
- sensitivity, semantic284
- sensomotoric245
- sensor3, 15, 265, 269, 290
- sensor technology157, 175
- sentence111, 149, 198, 281
- sentence level12, 194–195, 206
- sentiment206
- sequence92, 313
- signal183, 203, 269, 285, 288,
290–294, 329
- signal processing11, 196, 198, 202
- signal, EEG280–281, 283, 287–288, 290–292
- signal-to-noise ratio194, 289, 292, 294–295, 316–317
- significance126, 174
- skill26–28, 142, 172
- skill, information-seeking133–134
- skill, language160
- skill, reading216
- slice-timing correction317
- somatosensory257
- span
- ear-voice span31, 185
- eye-voice span162
- specialization35, 306
- spectrogram183, 196–198
- spectroscopy202
- spectrum8, 57, 293, 305
- statistical25, 73, 174, 222, 269, 280
- statistical analysis34–35, 80, 147, 149, 160, 172, 268, 317, 334, 337, 340, 342
- statistical model289, 313, 317
- statistical power16, 86, 206, 311–312, 342
- statistics, descriptive34, 96, 174, 225
- statistics, inferential37
- strategy18, 84, 96, 162, 171, 249, 259
- strategy, search11, 133–134
- stress41, 186, 205, 257, 264
- stress level3, 257, 260, 263
- stressful condition249
- structural imaging305, 315, 320
- subcortical309–310
- subjectivity58, 110, 117–118, 123, 126
- subjective27, 81, 113, 259, 267
- substrate310, 321
- subtitle75
- subtitler50, 73
- subtitling24, 162, 218
- subtractive327
- subtractive logic306, 318, 325–326
- subvocal interpreting202
- suprasegmental184–185
- syllable167, 185, 190, 192, 326
- syllabification198
- symbol85, 239
- symbolic conversion74, 288
- synchronization150, 244, 269, 281, 283, 288
- syntax216
- syntactic32, 78, 162, 167, 169, 281
- syntactic complexity150, 165, 191
T
- T1-weighted305, 307–308, 313, 315
- temporal (temples)
- occipitotemporal282
- temporal lobes, anterior315
- temporo-activity modulation283
- temporal (time)14, 160, 188, 192, 241,
324
- temporal data140, 169
- temporal resolution316, 320
- terminology3, 51, 184, 219
- tertium comparationis18
- threshold37, 141, 172, 192, 263,
340
- threshold, activation330
- threshold, statistical289
- threshold, timespan167
- threshold-limited193
- timeline86, 203
- timeline, time-stamped202
- timescale286
- timestamp11, 157, 164, 172, 213, 215
- token75, 146, 149, 205
- toolbox312, 326
- toolkit122, 199
- trade-off5, 80, 293, 339–340
- trait28, 221
- trait, brain307, 310
- trait, personality35, 37, 240
- transcribe98, 100–101
- transcribed example204
- transferability59
- transformation113, 119, 194, 206, 291, 340
- transmission325, 334
- neurotransmission279
- transparency7, 17, 21, 40, 117, 203, 227
- treatment147, 170
- trial221, 289, 296, 318, 339–340, 342
- triangulation69–70, 74, 150, 190–191
- trigger92, 187, 190–191
U
- univariate318
- unwarping317
- usability11, 86, 135, 141
- reusable29
- unusable, EEG data295
- usability testing93
- usable data103
- utterance96, 185, 192, 203
V
- variance167, 190, 221
- verbal70, 77, 81–82, 92–94, 97, 100–101, 237, 313
- non-verbal70, 77, 189, 205
- verbalization92, 97–98, 102, 114, 121, 150, 221
- vertex280
- vision27, 36, 221, 247–248, 259
- vocabulary27, 34, 282
- voice
- voice recognition160
- voice sound wave11
- voice-activated51
- voice-over102
- voltage262, 280–281, 295
- volume conduction280, 295
- voxel314, 318
W
- waveform287
- wearability (see also portable)246
- wearable device229, 235–236, 251, 265, 269
- within contrast337–338
- workflow11, 119, 141, 151–152, 157, 317
- wristband240, 260, 269
