List of contributors

Barbara Ahrens has been a professor for Interpreting (Spanish) at TH Köln, Cologne, since 2006. She graduated in conference interpreting the University of Heidelberg, and completed a PhD on prosody in simultaneous interpreting at the University of Mainz/Germersheim. Prior to her current position, she held an assistant professorship for Translation Studies at the University of Mainz/Germersheim. Ahrens’ research interests include prosody, note-taking, and cognition in interpreting, and she is a member of the network Translation, Research, Empiricism, Cognition (TREC). In addition to her academic role, Ahrens is also a practicing conference interpreter and member of AIIC.

Erik Angelone is professor of translation studies at Kent State University (Ohio), after having worked at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences and the University of Heidelberg. He earned his PhD in translation studies from the University of Heidelberg (2006), with a dissertation focused on corpus-based collocation retrieval and verification. His current research examines process-oriented training and assessment, expertise, and language industry studies, often making use of screen recording to empirically gauge various aspects of performance. He is a member of the TREC network and recently co-edited two volumes, The Bloomsbury Companion to Language Industry Studies (2019) and Handbook of the Language Industry (2024).

Laura Babcock is an assistant professor at the Institute for Interpreting and Translation Studies at Stockholm University. She holds a PhD in neuroscience from the Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati in Trieste. Her research focuses on the cognitive and neural mechanisms involved in multilingualism, particularly through the lens of interpreting experience. Her work employs methods such as functional and structural MRI and behavioral tasks to explore how the brain processes multiple languages. Babcock is also involved in research on the use of technology in translation, examining the effects of machine translation and post-edited subtitles on viewer comprehension. This includes work with eye-tracking technology to investigate cognitive processes during interpreting and translation. In 2022 she co-edited the thematic section Innovative Approaches to Study Cognitive Translation & Interpreting Studies.

Claudine Borg is a tenured lecturer and head of the Department of Translation, Terminology and Interpreting Studies at the University of Malta. She teaches in the Master in Translation and Terminology Studies where she introduced, designed, and delivers several modules including one on research methodologies in translation studies. She received her PhD in translation studies from Aston University, Birmingham, in 2017. Her research interests lie primarily in cognitive translation & interpreting studies and literary translation, with a particular focus on research methodology, translation revision, and translator studies. She has published several scholarly works, including A Literary Translation in the Making. A process-oriented perspective (2022). She is also a published literary translator and a member of the TREC network and of the Executive Board of the European Society for Translation Studies (EST).

Igor Antônio Lourenço Da Silva is associate professor of translation studies at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia and a junior research fellow of the Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq). He has worked as a translator and proofreader for over 15 years, especially in the academic field. He holds an MA and a PhD degree in linguistics from Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais since 2007 and 2012, respectively. Both his MA and PhD studies focused on the impact of domain knowledge on task performance and output. His main fields of research comprise translation expertise, human-computer interaction, and research methods. He has used cued retrospection in triangulation with other data elicitation methods since his MA studies. He is the chief editor of Revista Letras & Letras and has published several chapters and articles in edited volumes and journals.

Brita Dorer is senior researcher at GESIS — Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences (Germany), specialized in the translation of questionnaires in cross-cultural survey methodology. She headed the workpackage on questionnaire translation of the European Social Survey. Dorer is also a guest lecturer for the online doctoral school on research methods in TIS at the FTI of the University of Geneva. She worked as freelance translator for more than 10 years and taught at FTSK Mainz-Germersheim and applied foreign languages at Strasbourg University. In 2019, she earned a PhD at FTSK Mainz-Germersheim. Her dissertation assessed a method used in survey methodology in a large think-aloud study. Her scientific interests include the translatability of source questionnaires, translation methodologies, translating answers to open-ended questions, quality assessment and enhancement of questionnaire translations, cognitive translation & interpreting studies, and machine translation. She is embedded in both survey research and TIS and publishes in both disciplines.

Du Zhiqiang is a research fellow at the University of Bologna, where he recently completed his PhD in 2024. His dissertation examined Chinese interpreting trainees’ performance using computer-assisted interpreting (CAI) tools in remote settings from a cognitive perspective. Du’s current research interests include the cognitive-situated study of interpreting, CAI tool use and assessment, remote simultaneous interpreting, keylogging, and information-seeking behavior. His work employs multimodal data collection methods in oral tasks, including keylogging and audio and screen recording. Du focuses on understanding of interpreters’ cognitive processes and performance in multilectal mediated communication environments. He recently published New approaches to studying the cognitive impact of a CAI tool on Chinese interpreting trainees and a summary of his doctoral dissertation in the EST Newsletter (Nov. 2024).

Maureen Ehrensberger-Dow (PhD linguistics, University of Alberta) was professor of translation studies in the ZHAW Institute of Translation and Interpreting in Zurich until 2022 and taught on both the BA and MA programmes there. She was the principal or co-investigator of numerous mixed-method interdisciplinary projects funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (e.g., Cognitive and Physical Ergonomics of Translation, Cognitive Load in Interpreting and Translation, Capturing Translation Processes) as well as being involved in a large-scale project on MT literacy in Swiss universities. Ehrensberger-Dow continues to be interested in and has published on cognitive load in translation, the ergonomics of translation and language technology, digital literacy, translation processes, and workplace-based research. Recently, she co-edited the Handbook of the Language Industry (2024). She is a member of the TREC network, the Secretary General of the European Society of Translation Studies (EST) and an associate editor of Target.

Vanessa Enríquez Raído is a senior lecturer in translation technologies at Macquarie University’s Department of Linguistics in Sydney. With a professional background in technical translation and software localization, her academic career began in 2005 at the University of Auckland. She later spent two years at the University of Vic — Central University of Catalonia, before joining Macquarie University in January 2024. Her research focuses on translation process research, particularly translation-oriented web search for problem-solving and decision-making, translator education, translation technologies and, more recently, large language models. She maintains an active teaching and research portfolio, with her work recognized through two prestigious research awards and two teaching awards from the University of Auckland. Enríquez serves on the editorial board of The Interpreter and Translator Trainer and Tradumàtica: Tecnologies de la Traducció and is a member of the advisory board for the Research Methods in Translation and Interpreting Studies series.

Brian F. French is a Regents Professor and the Berry Family Distinguished Professor at Washington State University in Pullman. He completed his PhD at Purdue University in 2003 in the area of educational psychology and research methodology. His research sits at the intersection of applied and methodological measurement work to ensure decisions we make about individuals are fair and accurate based on their test score profiles and contextual information. He has published more than 145 peer review articles, in addition to several books, book chapters, test manuals, and test reviews. He also enjoys teaching and mentoring students, and providing leadership and service on many committees in his professional organizations.

Adolfo M. García is Director of the Cognitive Neuroscience Center (Universidad de San Andrés, Argentina), Senior Atlantic Fellow at the Global Brain Health Institute (University of California, San Francisco, US), associate researcher at Universidad de Santiago de Chile, co-founder of the International Network for Cross-Linguistic Research on Brain Health (Include), and creator of the TELL app. A member of the TREC network, García has also served in its management committee. He has more than 200 publications, mainly at the intersection of language science and neuroscience, including the book The Neurocognition of Translation and Interpreting (2019).

Anna Hatzidaki is assistant professor and Director of the Bilingualism and Psycholinguistics Lab in the Department of English Language and Literature at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. She studied at the Ionian University (BA in translation studies, MA in translation theory & didactics) and at the University of Edinburgh (MSc and PhD in psycholinguistics with a dissertation on Interactions between languages in verb- and pronoun-agreement in bilingual sentence production). She continued with postdoctoral research in psycholinguistics at universities in England, Belgium and Spain. She applies experimental behavioural and electrophysiological methods to study language interaction, code-switching, language and emotion, and cognitive processes in translation. She has published in journals such as Cognition and Emotion, Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, Brain and Language, Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, Frontiers in Psychology: Language Sciences, Cognitive Psychology, and Translation, Cognition & Behavior.

Carmen Heine, PhD, is associate professor at the School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University. Her research area is located at the crossroads between writing research, translation and interpreting studies and knowledge communication. She specializes in technical writing and technical translation, academic writing, and writing and translation pedagogy. She is section leader of the writing research section of the German Association of Applied Linguistics. Her recent publications include papers and book chapters on pair relations in peer-feedback settings in translation studies, on reflection practices in text production process research, and on research methods to investigate knowledge types in professional text production.

Alexis Hervais-Adelman is assistant professor of neural dynamics and human electrophysiology at the University of Geneva and research associate at the Zurich Linguistics Center, University of Zurich. He holds a PhD in cognitive neuroscience from the University of Cambridge (2008), where he studied perceptual learning of degraded speech. His research investigates the neural mechanisms of language, with a focus on extreme language processing, such as simultaneous interpreting, and degraded speech perception. His work uses neuroimaging to explore brain networks involved in multilingualism and auditory challenges. His applied research focuses on developing cognitive or non-invasive neurostimulation interventions for enhancing speech comprehension for listeners with hearing difficulties. In recent years, his research has expanded to include evolutionary aspects of language development, in part by examining the development of the fetal brain.

Kristian Tangsgaard Hvelplund has a PhD from the Copenhagen Business School and is associate professor in the Department of English, Germanic and Romance Studies at the University of Copenhagen. His research focuses on translation processes and the cognitive mechanisms involved in translation. Having a mainly quantitatively oriented and experimental approach, he has studied cognitive, reading, and writing processes in translation, examining translators’ interactions with source and target texts and digital resources using eye-tracking and keylogging methods. He has also studied process oriented aspects of audiovisual translation and is currently examining translation processes in institutional settings and in news settings. Recent publications include Wearable eye trackers. Methodological challenges, opportunities and perspectives for sight interpreting/translation (2023) and Experimental Translation Studies (2024).

Przemysław Janikowski works at the Institute of Linguistics at the University of Silesia and was formerly the Head of the Translator and Interpreter Training Department at the College of Foreign Languages in Częstochowa. His research centers on speech recording, particularly in conference and consecutive interpreting. He is currently involved in projects investigating the role of transfer in conference interpreting and studying note-taking in consecutive interpreting using eyetracking. Recent co-authored publications include Research Methods in Cognitive Translation and Interpreting Studies and Bilingualism (2023), which reviews methods common for studying bilingualism and interpreting, and Syntax, Stress and Cognitive Load, or on syntactic processing in simultaneous interpreting (2024), a corpus study that examines the effects of syntactic complexity in the source language on simultaneous interpreters’ cognitive load and stress.

Aleksandra Jasielska is a psychologist and an associate professor at the Faculty of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. Her research focuses on the relationship between emotion and cognition, lay theories of emotions, representations of emotions in art, and emotional processing. She has a particular interest in how emotions are conceptualized and expressed in various cultural and artistic contexts. In addition to her academic role, she is a certified cognitive-behavioral therapist, combining her expertise in psychology with practical therapeutic work. Her recent work delves into emotional dynamics and the cognitive processes underpinning emotional experiences, aiming to bridge theoretical research and therapeutic practice.

Michał Kornacki is assistant professor of linguistics at the University of Lodz. A translator and an academic teacher, Kornacki completed his PhD on translator training in computer-assisted translation environments. He teaches general, computer-assisted, and audiovisual translation. His research focuses on the use of technology in translation studies research, translator training, and metacognitive aspects of translator competence development. His recent work is related to the application of AI in the translator training process and its application in professional freelance environment. Kornacki recently co-edited Translation, Meaning and the Duo Colloquium: Contextuality in Translation and Interpreting (2022) and co-authored Hybrid Workflows in Translation: Integrating GenAI into Translator Training (2024).

Roman Koshkin is a PhD student at the Neural Coding and Brain Computing unit of the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology. He is an Amazon Science Fellow, Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and a recipient of the Google PhD Award. His research is motivated by more than 15 years of professional experience as a conference interpreter, spanning diverse topics, including working memory load management, biologically plausible memory modeling, and, more recently, large language model-based simultaneous machine translation. Recent publications include TransLLama: LLM-based simultaneous translation system (2024), LLMs Are Zero-Shot Context-Aware Simultaneous Translators (2024) and convSeq: Fast and Scalable Method for Detecting Patterns in Spike Data (2024).

Jan-Louis Kruger is professor of linguistics at Macquarie University in Sydney, and extraordinary professor in the UPSET focus area at North-West University in South Africa. His research focuses on the processing of language in multimodal contexts, specifically in audiovisual translation, reading, and interpreting. His main approaches are aligned with cognitive psychology and psycholinguistics. Primarily, his projects focus on investigating cognitive processing when multiple sources of information have to be integrated, as in the reception of subtitles or the production of interpreting. A member of the TREC network, Kruger has also served in its management committee. He is also on the editorial board of the Journal of Audiovisual Translation.

Anna Kuznik is assistant professor at the Institute of Romance Studies at the University of Wrocław, where she has worked since 2011 and coordinates external stakeholder cooperation. She holds an MA in French Studies from the Jagiellonian University of Cracow (1995) and a European PhD in Translation and Intercultural Studies from the Autonomous University of Barcelona (2010). She was a member of the PACTE research group (2005–2021). Her research spans translation education, cognitive translation & interpreting studies, and translation processes. She is a member of the TREC network, the Consortium for Translation Education Research, and the Centre for Cognitive Research on Language and Communication. A certified translator and interpreter of French and Spanish, Kuznik is also an expert member of the Polish Association of Sworn and Specialised Translators. She has published widely in translation studies.

Gary Massey was professor of translation studies, Director of the Institute of Translation and Interpreting and Deputy Dean of the School of Applied Linguistics at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) in Switzerland. He was also Vice-President of CIUTI. He received his doctorate in German studies from University College London, UK, in 1986. Since switching his attention to translation studies, Massey has focused his research and publications on cognitive translation & interpreting studies (CTIS), language industry studies, workplace research, translator education and translation teacher development. During his time at ZHAW, he was co-investigator of two large-scale, federally funded CTIS projects on translation processes and workplace ergonomics, both of which employed cued retrospection to collect data. Massey is a member of the TREC network and most recently, he has co-edited the Handbook of the Language Industry: Contexts, Resources and Profiles (2024).

Christopher D. Mellinger is an associate professor of Spanish interpreting and translation studies at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. He holds a PhD in translation studies from Kent State University, having written a doctoral dissertation on the intersection of translation technologies and cognitive aspects of translation. His research interests include translation and interpreting process research, research methods in TI, and TI technologies. A member of the TREC network, Mellinger has also served in its management committee. He is the co-editor of the journal Translation and Interpreting Studies, co-author of Quantitative Research Methods in Translation and Interpreting Studies (2016), co-editor of Translating Texts: An Introductory Coursebook on Translation and Text Formation (2019), and editor of The Routledge Handbook of Interpreting and Cognition (2025).

Purificación Meseguer Cutillas is lecturer at the Department of Translation and Interpreting at the University of Murcia. Her main research interests are the impact of emotions and personality factors in translation, literary translation, and the relationship between translation and censorship. Meseguer has published in journals such as RESLA, Babel, Bulletin of Hispanic Studies, Revue Française de Linguistique Appliquée, Hermes and Translation, Cognition & Behavior. She is a member of the research group Traducción, Didáctica y Cognición (TRADICO E0B6–02). As a professional, she has translated a wide range of fiction and non-fiction books from English and French into Spanish for publishers such as Tusquets, RBA or Random House Mondadori.

Ricardo Muñoz Martín (PhD, UC Berkeley, 1993) is a professor of cognitive translation and interpreting studies at the University of Bologna’s Department of Interpreting and Translation. Formerly Head of the Department of Translation and Interpreting at the University of Granada, where he also directed the PhD program Translation & Interpreting Processes, he previously led the PETRA group and now coordinates the MC2 Lab. A member of the TREC network, Muñoz co-founded AIETI and co-founded and co-edited Translation, Cognition & Behavior and the Encyclopaedia of Translation and Interpreting. He has pioneered cognitive translatology, using keylogging to develop this situated cognition-based framework. Muñoz has worked as an intermittent freelance translator since 1987 and earned ATA certification in 1991.

Sharon O’Brien is professor of translation studies in Dublin City University (DCU) where she has taught translation technology, localisation, research methods, and crisis translation, among other topics. She was awarded a PhD in machine translation in 2006. Currently, she is the Dean of Graduate Studies at DCU. Her research centres on the topics of translation technology and human-computer interaction and translation and interpreting in crisis and disaster settings. She is a member of the TREC network and has published numerous articles and chapters on these topics, co-edited special issues and collected volumes and co-authored Research Methodologies in Translation Studies (2013).

Christian Olalla-Soler is an associate professor at the Department of Translation and Interpreting & East Asian Studies at Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB). He was a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Bologna from 2020 to 2023. He holds a PhD in Translation and Intercultural Studies (2017) from UAB, where he conducted research on the development of translators’ cultural competence. His research interests include cognitive translation & interpreting studies, bibliometrics, and metascientific approaches to translation and interpreting studies. He has used screen recording as a data-collection method in research projects such as PACTE’s translation competence acquisition study and in his own PhD dissertation. He is a member of the TREC network and has authored over thirty publications in prominent TIS venues, with a recent focus on bibliometrics, open science, and cognitive approaches to translation and interpreting.

David Orrego Carmona is an associate professor at the University of Warwick and a research associate at the University of the Free State. His research deals primarily with translation, technologies, and users. After completing a BA in English-French-Spanish Translation at the Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia, he gained an MA (2011) and a PhD (2015) in Translation and Intercultural Studies from the Universitat Rovira i Virgili in Tarragona. Using qualitative and quantitative research methods including surveys and questionnaires, his work explores the societal affordances and implications of translation and technologies. Orrego Carmona has researched topics such as non-professional subtitling, fansubbing, machine translation, the cognitive processes involved in subtitle reading, and the impact of translation on audience reception. He is a member of the TREC network, treasurer of the European Association for Studies in Screen Translation, associate editor of the journal Translation Spaces, and deputy editor of the Journal of Specialised Translation (JoSTrans).

Daria Patalas is a PhD candidate at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, specializing in the interplay between physiological and psychological stress and its effects on human health. Her research investigates the intricate connections between dietary habits and psychological well-being, with a focus on how nutrition can influence emotional states. Committed to the empowerment of women, Daria aims to educate them on transforming their emotional and physical health through informed dietary choices. She disseminates her knowledge and insights via her Instagram profiles, @psychologistpositively and @psychologpozytywnie, fostering a community dedicated to positive psychological health.

Marina Ramos Caro is assistant professor in translation at the University of Murcia. She is particularly interested in the influence of emotions and personality in the process and reception of audio description and translation. Ramos has been awarded several international grants and presented her work in international conferences. Her work has been published in specialized journals such as Journal of Pragmatics, MonTi, Translation Spaces, The Translator, Perspectives, JosTrans and Frontiers. As a professional translator, she has worked in the fields of audiovisual translation and transcreation. Ramos is the founder of the Laboratory for Inclusive Translation (Latrium) of the University of Murcia (IG: Latri_um).

Ana María Rojo López is a professor of translation and interpreting at the University of Murcia, where she leads the research group Translation, Didactics, and Cognition. She is a member of the TREC network and an affiliate of the MC2 Lab. Her work focuses on translation, cognition, and the influence of emotions and personality traits on translation processes. Rojo authored Diseños y métodos de investigación en traducción (2013) and has contributed extensively to prestigious academic publications. She has led research projects investigating cognitive processes in linguistic communication and the impact of emotions on translation and interpreting. Recently, her research has assessed the emotional effects of audio description for visually impaired audiences in cinema and the performing arts, enhancing accessibility services. Rojo has also been active in scientific outreach and was awarded the 2024 Knowledge Transfer Award from the University of Murcia.

Sara Puerini is a PhD student at the Department of Interpreting & Translation (DIT) of the University of Bologna, where she is working on an exploratory research project to contrastively profile different writing tasks as keylogged, including translation, under the joint supervision of Ricardo Muñoz and Iris Schrijver. Her research interests include cognitive translation & interpreting studies, Cognitive Linguistics and psycholinguistics. She recently published “Text-production tasks at the keyboard: Linguistic and behavioral contrasts” in Translation, Cognition & Behavior, a pilot study where she combines pause and text analysis to scrutinize tendencies and contrasts in the informants’ mental processes when performing different writing tasks. She also works as an audiovisual and video game translator.

Hanna Risku is a professor of translation studies and head of the Socio-Cognitive Translation Studies (Socotrans) research group at the University of Vienna. She is a member of the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters. She served as CETRA chair professor at KU Leuven and DOTTSS guest professor at Tampere University, professor of translation studies at the University of Graz, and professor of applied cognitive science and technical communication. She was head of the Department for Knowledge and Communication Management and vice rector at Danube University Krems, and a guest professor at the University of Aarhus. In 2010, she received the TCeurope Award for Services to Technical Communication in Europe. A member of the TREC network and an affiliate of the MC2 Lab, her research includes translation and situated cognition, workplace and network research, and expertise, with extensive publications on sociological and cognitive approaches in translation studies.

Julio Santiago de Torres is professor of psychology of language at the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Granada. He employs reaction time methods to explore language production and semantic representation. His extensive publications focus on the psychological reality of conceptual metaphors, their individual and cultural variability, and their link to attentional processes. He investigates how mental simulations are generated from linguistic input and how reading and writing directions influence these processes. Recently, Santiago has assessed the quality of evidence in the field of embodiment using meta-analytic techniques, adhering to strict guidelines for scientific quality and reproducibility. Additionally, he promotes science popularization through public conferences and founded the journal Ciencia Cognitiva, serving as its editor for 18 years.

John W. Schwieter (PhD, Florida State University, 2007) is professor of psychology, linguistics, and Spanish at Wilfrid Laurier University and adjunct professor of linguistics at McMaster University. His research interests include cognitive and neuroscientific approaches to multilingualism and language acquisition; translation, interpreting and cognition; and second language teaching and learning. In these areas, he has published 23 books and over 100 journal articles and book chapters. Some of his recent books include Introduction to translation and interpreting studies (2022); The cognitive neuroscience of bilingualism (2023); The Routledge handbook of translation, interpreting, and bilingualism (2023); and Understanding multilingualism: An introduction (2024).

Nicoletta Spinolo is an assistant professor at the Department of Interpreting and Translation of the University of Bologna, where she also got her PhD in Translation, Interpreting and Multicultural Studies in 2014. While her initial research interests focused on the management of figurative language in simultaneous interpreting, her current academic interests revolve around interpreter education, interpreting between Italian and Spanish, interpreting technologies and research methods in experimental studies. Recently, she was a co-PI in the Inside the Virtual Booth project, funded by AIIC, on the impact of remote interpreting settings on interpreter experience and performance.

Sanjun Sun is a professor of translation studies at Beijing Foreign Studies University. He received his PhD in Translation Studies from Kent State University in 2012. He serves as the editor of the Chinese journal Fan Yi Jie (Translation Horizons) and is a member of the TREC network and an affiliate to the MC2 Lab. His research interests include cognitive translation & interpreting studies, empirical research methods, and translation technology. He has contributed articles to journals such as Meta, Target, Perspectives, and Across Languages & Cultures. He co-edited Advances in Cognitive Translation Studies (2021).

Elisabet Tiselius is an associate professor at Stockholm University, specializing in public service, conference, and signed language interpreting. She is an accredited interpreter for EU institutions, a member of AIIC, and a Swedish state-authorized public service interpreter. Tiselius is affiliated with the Karolinska Institutet and Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, where she leads a work package on signed language interpreting in the NRC-funded DEPICT project. She is an affiliate of the MC2 Lab, serves on the management committee of the TREC network and is the president of the European Society for Translation Studies. Tiselius earned her PhD in conference interpreting expertise in 2013 from the University of Bergen and leads the Stockholm Process Research in Interpreting and Translation group (SPRINT). Her research, utilizing retrospection, focuses on conference and public service interpreting, both spoken and signed. She co-edited The Routledge Handbook of Conference Interpreting (2022) and tweets @tulkur.

Javier Valenzuela Manzanares (PhD, Universidad de Murcia, 1996) is professor at the Department of English Studies at the University of Murcia, where he leads the Language, Cognition and Translation research group. His research addresses empirical validations of cognitive linguistics using psycholinguistic experimentation and corpora. He is interested in topics such as the sensorimotor basis of abstract thought or the embodied and multimodal aspects of communication. A member of the Red Hen Lab, Valenzuela is involved in the development of Multimodal Construction Grammar. He has published extensively in reputed international journals and has co-edited several volumes on cognitive linguistics. Valenzuela has participated in several international multidisciplinary research projects on semantics, cognition, robotic communication, metaphor and emotion.

Callum Walker, PhD, is an associate professor of translation technology at the University of Leeds, where he is currently Director of the Centre for Translation and Interpreting Studies. He teaches on aspects of computer-assisted translation technology, the translation industry, translation theory and research methods, as well as specialised translation (French and Russian into English). His two main research foci are translation reception, primarily involving eye-tracking, and translation industry studies, with a specific focus on micro-, information, and labour economics. He is co-editor of Eye Tracking and Multidisciplinary Studies on Translation (2018) and author of An Eye-tracking Study of Equivalent Effect in Translation (2020).

Bogusława M. Whyatt is associate professor and Head of the Department of Psycholinguistic Studies at the Faculty of English, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. She earned her PhD in linguistics with a dissertation on psycholinguistic aspects of the translation process at the same university in 2000. Her research interests lie in cognitive translation & interpreting studies and focus on the interface between bilingualism and translation, translation process, expertise development and reception of translated texts. As an empirical researcher, she has used a range of methods from think-aloud protocols to key-logging and eye-tracking. She has been the principal investigator in three large-scale projects funded by the National Science Centre Poland — the ParaTrans project, the EDiT project, and the Read Me project. Whyatt is a member of TREC and an affiliate of the MC2 Lab. Her recent publications include articles in Translation, Cognition & Behavior, Translation and Interpreting, The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, and a chapter in The Routledge Handbook of Translation, Interpreting and Bilingualism.

Cornelia Zwischenberger is professor and Chair in Transcultural Communication at the Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna. Before she was professor of translation studies at the University of Graz. She has published extensively on both translation and interpreting studies. Her current research focuses on the use of the translation concept beyond Translation & Interpreting Studies from a transdisciplinary/transcultural perspective, as well as on online collaborative translation as a prototypical form of transcultural communication. At the Centre of Translation studies of the University of Vienna she leads the research group Transcult.com. Together with Alexa Alfer, Zwischenberger investigates the entanglements of translation and collaboration expressed by the blended concept of translaboration.