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Article published In: Revista Española de Lingüística Aplicada/Spanish Journal of Applied Linguistics
Vol. 31:2 (2018) ► pp.550–577

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Nivel de competencia fonológica y edad de inicio de adquisición de español L2 en inmigrantes francófonos residentes en España

 | Universidad Nebrija
 | Universidad Nebrija

Article language: Spanish

Published online: 27 December 2018
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/resla.17023.pla
Resumen
El presente estudio investiga la posibilidad de que exista relación entre la edad de inicio de adquisición de una L2 y el nivel de competencia fonológica alcanzado en inmigrantes francófonos residentes en España que aprenden español como L2. Los participantes fueron 20 aprendices francófonos de español con diferentes edades de inicio de adquisición y 6 nativos como grupo de control. Se evaluó el grado de acento extranjero en la pronunciación de los informantes a través de un panel de jueces nativos. Para el análisis de los resultados, los informantes fueron clasificados en dos grupos en función de su edad de inicio de adquisición. El análisis de los datos obtenidos muestra la existencia de una relación entre la edad de inicio de adquisición de la L2 y el nivel de competencia fonológica alcanzado. Sin embargo, el análisis de los resultados revela también la existencia de un aprendiz tardío que presentó un nivel de competencia fonológica similar al nativo, sugiriendo que es posible para los aprendices francófonos tardíos alcanzar un nivel de dominio de la pronunciación del español similar al nativo. Los resultados del estudio no son consistentes con la hipótesis de que las diferencias entre niños y adultos en la adquisición de la pronunciación de la L2 se deben a la superación de un periodo crítico (Abrahamsson, N. (2012). Age of onset and nativelike L2 ultimate attainment in morphosyntactic and phonetic intuition. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 341, 187–214. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Asher, J. T. y García, R. (1969). The optimal age to learn a foreign language. The Modern Language Journal, 53(5), 334–341. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Granena, G. y Long, M. (2012). Age of onset, length of residence, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment in three linguistic domains. Second Language Research, 29(3), 311–343. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Oyama, S. (1976). A sensitive period for the acquisition of a nonnative phonological system. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 5(3), 261–283. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar).
Abstract
This study investigates the potential relationship between age of onset of acquisition and ultimate attainment in L2 phonology in Francophone Spanish L2 learners living in Spain. Participants were 20 Francophone Spanish learners with differing ages of onset of acquisition and 6 native speaker controls. Degree of foreign accent in participants’ pronunciation was evaluated by a panel of native Spanish judges. In order to analyze the results, participants were divided into two groups according to their ages of onset of L2 acquisition. Results show a correlation between age of onset of acquisition and ultimate attainment in L2 phonology. However, the analysis of the results also revealed the existence of a late learner that showed a native-like level of phonological competence. The findings presented in this study were inconsistent with the hypothesis that adult-child differences in L2 pronunciation are due to having passed a critical period (Abrahamsson, N. (2012). Age of onset and nativelike L2 ultimate attainment in morphosyntactic and phonetic intuition. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 341, 187–214. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Asher, J. T. y García, R. (1969). The optimal age to learn a foreign language. The Modern Language Journal, 53(5), 334–341. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Granena, G. y Long, M. (2012). Age of onset, length of residence, language aptitude, and ultimate L2 attainment in three linguistic domains. Second Language Research, 29(3), 311–343. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Oyama, S. (1976). A sensitive period for the acquisition of a nonnative phonological system. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 5(3), 261–283. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar).
Article outline
  • 1.Introducción
  • 2.La hipótesis del periodo crítico (HPC)
  • 3.¿Un periodo crítico para la pronunciación? Revisión de la evidencia empírica
  • 4.Estudio empírico
    • 4.1Diseño de la investigación
    • 4.2Informantes
    • 4.3Instrumentos y procedimientos
    • 4.4Análisis de los resultados
  • 5.Conclusiones
  • Notas
  • References
References (71)
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