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Article published In: Pragmatics and Society
Vol. 8:4 (2017) ► pp.601–629

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Lexicography, discourse and power

Uncovering ideology in the bilingualization of a monolingual English dictionary in China

 | Xiamen University of Technology
Published online: 19 January 2018
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/ps.8.4.06che
Abstract
This paper conceptualizes dictionary bilingualization as a recontextualizing practice and explores how ideology and power play out in the recontextualization of lexicographic discourse across languages and cultures to result in the transformation of meaning. It first proposes viewing the (bilingualized) dictionary as discourse and emphasizes bilingual lexicography as a site of an asymmetrical linguistic and cultural power dynamics. The paper then argues that a synergy of critical discourse analysis and postcolonial studies can reveal the inter-cultural ideological struggle implicit in the bilingualizing lexicographic practice. The body of the study is devoted to the analysis of those shifts taking place in the entries, definition, illustrative examples and pragmatic labels in a bilingualized English-Chinese dictionary, which, when viewed cumulatively, significantly reshape the ideological positioning of the dictionary. The paper discusses the implications for critical lexicographic studies and for research into the interplay between power and resistance between dominating and dominated cultures. It concludes that Periphery English dictionary compilers are able to negotiate the different subjectivities and ideologies inherent in dictionary making and to adopt a subject position favorable to their empowerment in the international English lexicography, although such resistance is far from capable of restructuring the order of lexicography.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Theoretical framework
    • 2.1The (bilingualized) dictionary as discourse
    • 2.2Postcolonial studies
    • 2.3Critical discourse analysis
    • 2.4Dictionary bilingualization, recontextualization and ideology
  • 3.Data and context: Bilingualizing a monolingual English dictionary in China
  • 4.Analysis and discussion
    • 4.1Deleting word entries
    • 4.2Modifying the definition
      • 4.2.1Deleting partial information in the definition
      • 4.2.2Adding information to the definition
      • 4.2.3Rewording the definition to suit the Chinese ideology or standpoint
      • 4.2.4Changing the translation of the definition
      • 4.2.5Combining deletion, rewording and translation
      • 4.2.6Modifying or deleting evaluative vocabulary
  • 4.3Modifying the illustrative examples
  • 4.4Modifying the pragmatic labels
  • 5.Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
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