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Article published In: Pragmatics
Vol. 27:4 (2017) ► pp.553–590

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“I want a real apology”

A discursive pragmatics perspective on apologies

 | The University of British Columbia
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Available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC) 4.0 license.

For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at rights@benjamins.nl.

Published online: 3 November 2017
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https://doi.org/10.1075/prag.27.4.04rie
Abstract
Research on the apology spans over half a century and has been quite prolific. Yet, a major issue with numerous studies on apologies is a lack of findings from naturally occurring interaction. Instead many studies examine written elicitations. As a result they research how respondents think they apologize, not how they do apologize. This project, in contrast, stresses the importance of studying the apology as a dynamically constructed politeness strategy in situated interaction. Apologies are part of the ever-present relational work, i.e., co-constructed and co-negotiated, emergent relationships in a situated social context. Hence, the focus is not on the illocutionary force indicating device (IFID) alone, nor on the turn in which the IFID is produced, but on the interactional exchange in situ.
Naturally, data eliciting produces a larger sample size of apologies than the taping and transcribing of naturally occurring interaction does. To remedy the issue, this study uses interactions from situation comedies, which provide a large sample of apologies in their interactional context. Sitcom interactions constitute a valid focus of pragmatic research as they share fundamental elements of natural interactions (. 2009. The Sitcom . TV Genres. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Quaglio, Paulo. 2009. Television Dialogue. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar). The validity of this approach is tested using findings from published conversation analytic studies on apologies. The analysis is set within the framework of discursive pragmatics and leads to new insights on apologies and responses to apologies.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Theoretical background
    • 2.1Situation comedies
    • 2.2Apologies
    • 2.3(Im)politeness, interpersonal pragmatics and relational work
  • 3.Data
    • 3.1Advantages and shortcomings of sitcoms as data
    • 3.2 The Big Bang Theory
  • 4.Apologies in ‘The Big Bang Theory’: Analysis and discussion
    • 4.1Accepted apologies
    • 4.2Unaccepted apologies
    • 4.3Apologies in spontaneous interaction, in sitcom interaction, and elicited apologies
  • 5.Conclusion and outlook
  • Notes
  • References
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