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Article published In: Pragmatics
Vol. 31:1 (2021) ► pp.62–86

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Alternative questions and their responses in English interaction

ORCiD logo with link | Saginaw Valley State University
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Available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC) 4.0 license.
Published online: 6 November 2020
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https://doi.org/10.1075/prag.19011.dra
Abstract
This conversation analytic study investigates the sequential organization and question constraints of alternative questions in English with a focus on response formats. Building on research on polar and wh-questions (among others, Enfield, Nick J., Tanya Stivers, and Stephen C. Levinson. 2010. “Question–response Sequences in Conversation across ten Languages: An Introduction.” Journal of Pragmatics 42 (10): 2615–2619. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Raymond, Geoffrey. 2003. “Grammar and Social Organization: Yes/no Interrogatives and the Structure of Responding.” American Sociological Review 681: 939–967. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Thompson, Sandra A., Barbara A. Fox, and Elizabeth Couper-Kuhlen. 2015. “Responses in Information-Seeking Sequences with ‘Question-Word Interrogatives.’” In Grammar in Everyday Talk: Building Responsive Actions, 16–49. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar), this article shows that responses to alternative questions that include a repeat of one of the alternatives are type-conforming, those that do not are nonconforming. Additionally, even though the concept of contiguity (Sacks, Harvey. 1973/1987. “On the Preferences for Agreement and Contiguity in Sequences in Conversation.” In Talk and Social Organisation, ed. by Graham Button, and John R. E. Lee, 54–69. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar) might suggest that the second alternative be confirmed, participants confirm either alternative unproblematically. Finally, my work shows that alternative questions can create difficulties for action ascription, because as they are being produced, they often resemble polar questions. My study adds to our understanding of question-answer sequences in English by providing an overview of an understudied question type in English. The data are in American English.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Prior work on question-answer sequences
  • 3.Prior Research on alternative questions
  • 4.Data
  • 5.Analysis
    • 5.1Response type 1: Repeat responses
    • 5.2Response type 2: Third alternative responses
    • 5.3AQs and action ascription
  • 6.Concluding discussion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
References (94)
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