Muhammad Shakir
List of John Benjamins publications in which Muhammad Shakir is involved.
2025 Conventionalization and variation in computer-mediated communication: New perspectives on Nigerian Pidgin spelling English World-Wide 46:1, pp. 1–27 | Article
This paper investigates spelling practices in Nigerian Pidgin (NigP) computer-mediated communication (CMC) as well as Nigerians’ perceptions of these. The first part is a corpus-based analysis. It shows that conventionalization of spelling variants is taking place in the absence of formal… read more
2024 Code-switching in South Asian English CMC English World-Wide 45:3, pp. 311–341 | Article
This paper analyses the use of indigenous language elements including code-switching in two contrasting genres, i.e. group chats and Twitter memes along with tweets, in the English communication of South Asian (Bangladeshi, Indian, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan) internet users. The results from… read more
2023 Functions of code-switching in online registers of Pakistani English New Englishes, New Methods, Wilson, Guyanne and Michael Westphal (eds.), pp. 42–64 | Chapter
This chapter analyzes online registers of Pakistani English to identify (socio)linguistic functions for code-switching to indigenous languages. Predominantly English texts containing code-switching instances to Urdu and other Pakistani languages were selected. A corpus of about 1.2 million words… read more
2019 A Multidimensional Analysis of Pakistani and U.S. English blogs and columns English World-Wide 40:1, pp. 1–24 | Article
The present study is a Multidimensional Analysis (MDA) of English blogs and newspaper columns originating from Pakistan and the U.S. using MDA dimensions reported in Grieve et al. (2010): (i) Informational versus Personal Focus; (ii) Addressee Focus; (iii) Thematic Variation; and (iv) Narrative… read more