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Article published In: The Dynamics of Lexical Innovation: Data, methods, models
Edited by Daphné Kerremans, Jelena Prokić, Quirin Würschinger and Hans-Jörg Schmid
[Pragmatics & Cognition 25:1] 2018
► pp. 8–29

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From speaker innovation to lexical change

A sociohistorical approach to neologisms

 | University of Helsinki, Finland
Published online: 12 June 2019
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/pc.18008.nev
Abstract
Applying a sociolinguistic approach to the study of neologisms, this paper discusses the actuation and diffusion of new words in Early Modern English (EModE; 1500–1700) and draws some parallels with word coining in the comparable but more recent period of Early Modern Finnish (EModF; 1810–1880). The success of this exercise ultimately depends on the data and tools available for ascertaining the status of neologisms in a broader synchronic and diachronic context. The use of historical dictionaries and digital databases shows that many words that were earlier considered particular innovations in EModE are now up for re-evaluation. Determining their actual moments of coinage and entry into the language may be beyond historical lexicology and lexicography, but the new tools make it possible to better monitor their provenance and process of diffusion over time.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Modelling the process of lexical change
  • 3.Monitoring lexical diffusion in English
    • 3.1Dictionaries
    • 3.2Databases
  • 4.Reviewing processes of lexical innovation in Early Modern English
    • 4.1Shakespeare: An innovator or an early adopter?
    • 4.2Vernacularization
      • 4.2.1Diffusion of new vocabulary
      • 4.2.2Sir Thomas Elyot as a neologizer
  • 5.Reviewing processes of lexical innovation in Early Modern Finnish
    • 5.1Developing a literary language
    • 5.2Active neologizers
  • 6.Comparing the processes of vernacularization
  • 7.Conclusion
  • Notes
  • References
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