In:The Discourse of Indirectness: Cues, voices and functions
Edited by Zohar Livnat, Pnina Shukrun-Nagar and Galia Hirsch
[Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 316] 2020
► pp. 167–202
Directness and indirectness in a presidential debate
Published online: 29 October 2020
https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.316.08gra
https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.316.08gra
This contribution examines the use of directness and indirectness as utilized by
the two candidates to the presidency of Argentina, in a debate broadcast on
television before the 2015 elections. Adopting a socio-pragmatic perspective, this
study makes a qualitative and quantitive analysis of addressivity at the micro and
meso levels of the interaction. An exploration of the form and function of the
interactants’ contributions demonstrated that directness is the preferred choice
when presentations and closing fragments are produced, while the questions and
answers addressed by the candidates to each other reveal differences in the use of
in/directness. These disparate strategies have a bearing on the interpersonal
discourse relationship between the two politicians and the audience.
Keywords: addressivity, political debate, directness, indirectness, micro level, meso level.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Directness and indirectness
- 3.Context of the interaction and source of the data
- 4.In/directness at the micro level of the discourse
- 4.1Directness
- 4.2Indirectness
- 4.3Addressivity strategies occurring in all dimensions
- 5.In/directness at the meso level of the interaction
- 5.1Presentation of topics and final messages
- 5.2Question and answer fragments
- 6.Interpreting indirectness
- 7.Concluding remarks
Note References
References (18)
Dascal, Marcelo. 2003. Interpretation
and
Understanding. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Dascal, Marcelo, and Elda Weizman. 1987. “Contextual
Exploitation of Interpretation Clues in Text Understanding: An Integrated
Model.” In The
Pragmatic Perspective, ed. by Verschueren, Jef, and Marcela Bertuccelli-Papi, 37–46. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Grainger, Karen, and Sara Mills. 2016. Directness
and Indirectness across Cultures. Hampshire United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan.
Halliday Michael A. K. and Christian M. I. M. Matthiessen. 2004. An Introduction to Functional Grammar. Third edition. London: Hodder Education.
Kiesling, Scott F., and Elka Ghosh Johnson. 2010. “Four
Forms of Interactional Indirection.” Journal of
Pragmatics 42: 292–306.
Lauerbach, Guerda, and Anita Fetzer. 2007. “Political
Discourse in the Media: Cross-Cultural
Perspectives.” In Political
Discourse in the MediaPolitical Discourse in the
Media, ed. by Anita Fetzer, and Guerda Lauerbach, 3–28. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Lempert, Michael. 2012. “Indirectness.” In The
Handbook of Intercultural Discourse and Communication, ed.
by Christina Bratt Paulston, Scott F. Kiesling, and Elizabeth S. Rangel, 180–204. Chichester, West Sussex: Blackwell.
Linell, Per. 1998. Approaching
Dialogue. Talk, Interaction and Contexts in Dialogical
Perspectives. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Piatti, Guillermina. 2019. “En
torno a la verdad: algunos usos de marcadores discursivos en la
conversación coloquial y en el debate
politico.”
Presented in the III
Congreso de la delegación argentina de la ALFAL y IX Jornadas internacionales
de investigación en Filología
hispánica
. Universidad Nacional de La
Plata. Argentina. 24–26 abril de
2019.
Reisigl, Martin. 2008. “Political
Speeches and the Public
Sphere.” In Handbook of
Communication in the Public Sphere, ed.
by Ruth Wodak, and Veronica Koller, 243–69. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Sifianou, Maria. 1993. “Off-record Indirectness and the Notion of Imposition.” Multilingua 12 (1): 69–79.
Simon-Vandenbergen, Anne-Marie, Peter White, and Karen Aijmer. 2007. “Presuppositions
and ‘Taking for Granted’ in Mass Communicated Political
Argument.” In Political
Discourse in the Media, ed. by Anita Fetzer, and Guerda Lauerbach, 31–68. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Sperber, Dan, and Dierdre Wilson. 1995. Relevance.
Communication and Cognition, 2nd
Edition. Oxford: Blackwell.
Weizman, Elda, and Marcelo Dascal. 1991. “On
Clues and Cues: Strategies of
Text-Understanding. Journal of Literary
Semantics 20 (1): 18–30.
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 28 november 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
