In:The Pragmatics of Discourse Coherence: Theories and applications
Edited by Helmut Gruber and Gisela Redeker
[Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 254] 2014
► pp. 243–266
(Non-)signalling of coherence structures in English learner writing
Published online: 26 November 2014
https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.254.09sch
https://doi.org/10.1075/pbns.254.09sch
This study explores different realisations of discourse relations in a corpus of
English learner writing. A sample of 30 essays produced by upper intermediate
learners of English (mean age: 23) is subjected to a multi-method analysis
incorporating (1) global coherence ratings, (2) rhetorical structure analysis
(RST), and (3) features at the linguistic surface level. The focus is on explicit
signalling vs. implicitness of discourse relations in essays rated high vs. low in
coherence. The results show differences in the type of connectives used in highrated
vs. low-rated texts as well as in the use of connectives to signal relations at
higher and lower levels of the discourse structure.
References (38)
Altenberg, Bengt, and Marie Tapper. 1998. “The Use of Adverbial Connectors in Advanced Swedish Learners’ Written English.” In Learner English on Computer, ed. by Sylviane Granger, 80–93. London: Longman.
Bateman, John A., and Klaas Jan Rondhuis. 1997. “Coherence Relations: Towards a General Specification.” Discourse Processes 24: 3–49.
Bifie – Bundesinstitut für Bildungsforschung, Innovation und Entwicklung des österreichischen Schulwesens. 2012. “Assessment Scale B2”. Available at: [URL] (accessed 22 May 2012).
Bublitz, Wolfram. 1999. “Introduction: Views of Coherence.” In Coherence in Spoken and Written Discourse: How to Create It and How to Describe It. Selected Papers from the International Workshop on Coherence, Augsburg, 24–27 April 1997, ed. by Wolfram Bublitz, Uta Lenk, and Eija Ventola, 1–10. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Cain, Kate, and Hannah M. Nash. 2011. “The Influence of Connectives on Young Readers’ Processing and Comprehension of Text.” Journal of Educational Psychology 103 (2): 429–441.
Chen, Cheryl Wei-yu. 2006. “The Use of Conjunctive Adverbials in the Academic Papers of Advanced Taiwanese EFL Learners.” International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 11 (1): 113–130.
Council of Europe. 2001. Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment. Cambridge: CUP.
Cozijn, Reinier. 2000. Integration and Inference in Understanding Causal Sentences. PhD Thesis, Tilburg University.
Cresswell, Andy. 2010. Textual Metadiscourse in Research Articles and Student Essays: A Corpus Investigation Using Discourse Tagging. PhD Thesis, University of Reading.
Database of English Learner Texts (DELT). 2007–. Compiled by the Centre for English Language Teaching. Vienna: University of Vienna. [URL]
De Beaugrande, Robert, and Wolfgang U. Dressler. 1981. Introduction to Text Linguistics. London: Longman.
Degand, Liesbeth. 1998. “On Classifying Connectives and Coherence Relations.”
Proceedings of COLING-ACL Workshop on Discourse Relations and Discourse Markers
, 29–35. Montréal, Canada.
Dörnyei, Zoltán. 2007. Research Methods in Applied Linguistics: Quantitative, Qualitative and Mixed Methodologies. Oxford: OUP.
Freebody, Peter, and Richard C. Anderson. 1983. “Effects of Vocabulary Difficulty, Text Cohesion, and Schema Availability on Reading Romprehension.” Reading Research Quarterly 18 (3): 277–294.
Granger, Sylviane. 2004. “Computer Learner Corpus Research: Current Status and FuturePprospects.” In Applied Corpus Linguistics. A Multidimensional Perspective, ed. by Ulla Connor, and Thomas Upton, 123–145. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
Granger, Sylviane, and Stephanie Tyson. 1996. “Connector Usage in the English Essay Writing of Native and Non-Native EFL Speakers of English.” World Englishes 15 (1): 19–29.
Hunt, Kellogg W. 1965. Grammatical Structures Written at Three Grade Levels. (NCTE Research Report No. 3). Urbana, IL: National Council of Teachers of English.
Johnson, Patricia. 1992. “Cohesion and Coherence in Compositions in Malay and English.” RELC Journal 23 (2): 1–17.
Liu, Meihua, and George Braine. 2005. “Cohesive Features in Argumentative Writing Produced by Chinese Undergraduates.” System 33 (4): 623–636.
Mann, William C., Christian M. I. M. Matthiessen, and Sandra A. Thompson. 1992. “Rhetorical Structure Theory and Text Analysis.” In Discourse Description: Diverse Linguistic Analyses of a Fund-raising Text, ed. by William C. Mann, and Sandra A. Thompson, 39–78. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Mann, William C., and Sandra A. Thompson. 1987. Rhetorical Structure Theory: A Theory of Text Organization. ISI: Information Sciences Institute, Los Angeles, CA, ISI/RS-87-190, 1–81. Available at: [URL] (accessed 30 May 2012).
. 1988. “Rhetorical Structure Theory: Toward a Functional Theory of Text Organization.” Text 8 (3): 243–281.
Milton, John, and Elza S. C. Tsang. 1993. “A Corpus-Based Study of Logical Connectors in EFL Students’ Writing: Directions for Future Research.” In Studies in Lexis, ed. by Richard Pemberton, and Elza S. C. Tsang, 215–246. Hong Kong: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.
Narita Masumi, Chieko Sato, and Masatoshi Sugiura. 2004. “Connector Usage in the English Essay Writing of Japanese EFL Learners.” In
Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2004)
, 1171–1174.
Risselada, Rodie, and Wilbert Spooren. 1998. “Introduction: Discourse Markers and Coherence Relations.” Journal of Pragmatics 30: 31–133.
Sanders, Ted, Jentine Land, and Gerben Mulder. 2007. “Linguistic Markers of Coherence Improve Text Comprehension in Functional Contexts.” Information Design Journal 15 (3): 219–235.
Sanders, Ted, and Leo Noordman. 2000. “The Role of Coherence Relations and their Linguistic Markers in Text Processing.” Discourse Processes 29 (1): 37–60.
Shea, Mark. 2009. “A Corpus-based Study of Adverbial Connectors in Learner Text.” MSU Working Papers in SLS 2009 1 (1): 1–13. Available at: [URL] (accessed 18 May 2012).
Soria, Claudia, and Giacomo Ferrari. 1998. “Lexical Marking of Discourse Relations – Some Experimental Findings.”
Proceedings of COLING-ACL Workshop on Discourse Relations and Discourse Markers
, 36–42. Montréal, Canada.
Taboada, Maite, and William C. Mann. 2006. “Rhetorical Structure Theory: Looking Back and Moving Ahead.” Discourse Studies 8 (3): 423–459.
Tankó, Gyula. 2004. “The Use of Adverbial Connectors in Hungarian University Students’ Argumentative Essays.” In How to Use Corpora in Language Teaching, ed. by John McHardy Sinclair, 157–181. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Widdowson, Henry G. 2004. Text, Context, Pretext. Critical Issues in Discourse Analysis. Oxford: Blackwell.
Wilson, Deirdre, and Dan Sperber. 2004. “Relevance Theory.” In Handbook of Pragmatics, ed. by Laurence R. Horn, and Gregory Ward, 607–632. Oxford: Blackwell.
