This study sheds light on the problem of communicative inequality, neglected both by linguists and communication scholars, among speakers of different languages. It provides a four-step Critical Theory analysis of language-based inequality and distortion between speakers of a few dominant languages, especially English, and speakers of minority languages in the context of international and intercultural communication. Based on a theoretical framework of “Distorted Communication” developed by J. Habermas and C. Müller, the analysis focuses on a critical description, definition, and interpretation of “Distorted Intercultural Communication”, and exposes the ideology that legitimates linguistic inequality and distortion in communication.
2026. Navigating Policy and Culture: A Guide to Understanding Japanese Students’ Participation in EFL Classrooms. Open Journal of Modern Linguistics 16:01 ► pp. 72 ff.
Malyuga, Elena N. & Svetlana N. Orlova
2018. The Theory of Profesional and Business Communication in Contemporary Linguistics. In Linguistic Pragmatics of Intercultural Professional and Business Communication, ► pp. 1 ff.
Hua, Zhu & Claire Kramsch
2016. Symbolic power and conversational inequality in intercultural communication: An Introduction. Applied Linguistics Review 7:4 ► pp. 375 ff.
Wu, Xinyi & Macleans A. Geo-Jaja
2016. From Right to Education to Rights in Education. In Effects of Globalization on Education Systems and Development, ► pp. 3 ff.
Kudo, Kazuhiro & Hiroko Hashimoto
2011. Internationalization of Japanese Universities: Current Status and Future Directions. In Higher Education in the Asia-Pacific [Higher Education Dynamics, 36], ► pp. 343 ff.
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2011. Language matters. In Managing Cross-Cultural Communication, ► pp. 58 ff.
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2016. Language Matters. In Managing Cross-Cultural Communication, ► pp. 19 ff.
Tsuda, Yukio
2010. Speaking Against the Hegemony of English. In The Handbook of Critical Intercultural Communication, ► pp. 248 ff.
Tsuda, Yukio
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Tsuda, Yukio
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2009. World Englishes and Confucian Heritage: Towards taking ownership in language and learning. Asian Englishes 12:2 ► pp. 48 ff.
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2006. Non-Western Theory in Western Research? An Asiacentric Agenda for Asian Communication Studies. Review of Communication 6:1-2 ► pp. 4 ff.
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1998. Book Reviews. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 17:3 ► pp. 395 ff.
Kim, Young Yun
2001. Mapping the Domain of Intercultural Communication: An Overview. Annals of the International Communication Association 24:1 ► pp. 139 ff.
Kim, Young Yun
2006. From Ethnic to Interethnic. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 25:3 ► pp. 283 ff.
Kim, Young Yun
2007. Ideology, Identity, and Intercultural Communication: An Analysis of Differing Academic Conceptions of Cultural Identity. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research 36:3 ► pp. 237 ff.
Yun Kim, Young
2002. Unum vs. Pluribus: Ideology and Differing Academic Conceptions of Ethnic Identity. Annals of the International Communication Association 26:1 ► pp. 298 ff.
Yun Kim, Young
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Henry, Annette
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1995. Media Dependency, Bubonic Plague, and the Social Construction of the Chinese Other. Journal of Communication Inquiry 19:1 ► pp. 89 ff.
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This list is based on CrossRef data as of 6 march 2026. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.
