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Article published In: NOWELE
Vol. 73:2 (2020) ► pp.221–235

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Gallo-Romance lenition in Germanic loanwords

The case of ‘market’

 | University of Lausanne
Published online: 16 October 2020
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https://doi.org/10.1075/nowele.00040.vaa
Abstract
One of the earliest changes affecting Western Romance before the end of the Roman Empire was the lenition of intervocalic *p, *t, *k to *b, *d, *g. We find its effects in a number of Romance loanwords in West Germanic. The word for ‘market’ has not played a role in this discussion because it is often attested with t in the West Germanic languages. Still, there are strong indications that the word was borrowed into Germanic as *markadu after the lenition of intervocalic t in Romance. Its phonological make-up is comparable to that of Latin vocatus, which was borrowed into Germanic as *fogadu.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Old Saxon
  • 3.Middle Low German
  • 4.Middle Dutch
  • 5.Old High German
  • 6.Middle High German
  • 7.Old Frisian
  • 8.Old English
  • 9.Gallo-Romance
  • 10.Multiple borrowing?
  • 11.Latin vocatus ‘reeve, guardian’
  • 12.Conclusion
  • Notes
  • References
References (56)
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