Article published In: Language Problems and Language Planning
Vol. 43:3 (2019) ► pp.241–261
A study of Macao tertiary students’ attitudes to issues in postcolonial Macao’s language policy and planning
Published online: 3 December 2019
https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00033.yan
https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00033.yan
Abstract
This study focuses on Macao, a former Portuguese colony and a Special Administrative Region of the People’s
Republic of China after 1999. A questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2012 and 2013 respectively
among freshmen of the University of Macau to investigate their attitudes to issues in Macao’s language policy and planning (LPP).
Findings of this study reflect their practical attitudes, as reflected in their attitudes towards the choice of English or
Portuguese as the first foreign language in Macao public schools. At the same time, their attitudes also reflect their strong
local allegiances and resistance to Mainland China’s cultural practices, as reflected in their views on the issue of the official
status of Putonghua in the Macao SAR, the choice of Putonghua or Cantonese as the medium of instruction, and the maintenance of
traditional Chinese characters, written Cantonese, and Cantonese Romanization System in Macao.
摘要
澳門曾是葡萄牙殖民地,1999年成為中華人民共和國的一個特別行政區。本研究在2012年和2013年分別采用問卷調查和半結構式訪談調查澳門大學大一新生對澳門語言政策和規劃的態度。研究結果體現學生的實用態度,這反映在他們對選擇英語或葡語作為澳門公立學校第一外語的態度上。與此同時,研究結果也體現學生對本地強烈的忠誠和對中國內地文化實踐的抵制,這體現在他們對普通話在澳門特區的正式語文地位,選擇普通話或者粵語作為授課語言,以及在澳門維持繁體字、粵語漢字和粵語拼音等問題的態度上。
Resumo
Ĉi tiu studo koncernas Makaon, eksan portugalan kolonion kaj specialan administran dividon de la Ĉina Popola
Respubliko ekde 1999. En 2012 kaj 2013 per enketiloj kaj duonstrukturaj intervjuoj estis esplorate, kion opinias novstudentoj de
la Universitato de Makao pri problemoj de la Makaa lingvara politiko kaj planado. La rezultoj de tiu studo prilumas ilian
praktikan sintenon, kiel oni vidas en ilia sinteno pri la elekto de la angla aŭ portugala kiel unua fremda lingvo en publikaj
lernejoj de Makao. Samtempe iliaj sintenoj respegulas ankaŭ ilian forton ligon al la loka tradicio kaj reziston kontraŭ kulturaj
praktikoj de kontinenta Ĉinujo, kiel videblas en iliaj opinioj pri oficiala statuso de la nomra ĉina lingvo (NĈL) in Makao, pri la
elekto de NĈL aŭ kantona kiel instrua lingvo kaj pri la konservado de la tradiciaj ĉinaj skribosignoj, skriba kantona kaj la
latinlitera sistemo por la kantona en Makao.
Article outline
- Introduction
- Research design
- Subjects and instruments
- The formal questionnaire survey
- Semi-structured interviews
- Questionnaire survey results
- Interview results
- Students’ strong local allegiances
- Students’ practical attitudes
- Discussion
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
References
References (23)
Bodomo, A., & Teixeira-E-Silva, R. (2012). Language matters: The role of linguistic identity in the establishment of the Lusophone African community in Macau. African Studies, 71(1), 71–90.
Canagarajah, A. S. (2005). Dilemmas in planning English/vernacular relations in post-colonial communities. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 9(3), 418–447.
Chen, P. (1999). Modern Chinese: History and sociolinguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Chin, W. K. (1997). From dialect to grapholect: Written Cantonese from a folklorist viewpoint. Hong Kong Journal of Applied Linguistics, 2(2), 77–91.
Fishman, J. A. (1969). National languages and languages of wider communication in the developing nations. Anthropological Linguistics, 11(4), 111–135.
Hyland, K. (1997). Language attitudes at the handover: Communication and identity in 1997 Hong Kong. English World-Wide, 18(2), 191–210.
Macao Government. (1985). Decreto-Lei No. 88/85/M. [URL]. Accessed 20 September 2017.
Macao SAR Government. (2017). Regulamento Administrativo No. 23/2017. Retrieved from [URL]. Accessed 20 September 2017.
Mann, C., & Wong, G. (1999). Issues in language planning and language education: A survey from Macao on its return to Chinese sovereignty. Language Problems and Language Planning, 23(1), 17–36.
Mathews, G. (1997). Hèunggóngyàhn: On the past, present, and future of Hong Kong identity. Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars, 29(3), 3–13.
Ngai, G. M. C. (1999). Macau’s identity: The need for its preservation and development into the next century. Portuguese Studies Review, 7(2), 112–128.
Snow, D. (2004). Cantonese as written language: The growth of a written Chinese vernacular. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
Yan, X. (2016). “Macao has died, traditional Chinese characters have died”: A study of netizens’ comments on the choice of Chinese scripts in Macao. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 37(6), 564–575.
(2017a). A study of Macao tertiary students’ language attitudes after the handover. Language Awareness, 26(1), 25–40.
(2019). A study of language choices in the linguistic landscape of Macao’s heritage and gaming tourism. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 40(3), 198–217.
Yan, X., & Moody, A. (2010). Language and society in Macao: A review of sociolinguistic studies on Macao in the past three decades. Chinese Language and Discourse, 1(2), 293–324.
Yee, H. S. (2001). Macau in transition: From colony to autonomous region. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 26 november 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
