Article published In: Language Problems and Language Planning
Vol. 42:2 (2018) ► pp.196–219
No language policy without translation policy
A comparison of Flanders and Wales
Published online: 21 June 2018
https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00028.mey
https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00028.mey
Abstract
A major challenge for authorities in the modern world is the linguistic integration of minorities. In this context, language
policies play a key role as authorities are increasingly faced with the challenge of adjusting their language policies in order to
secure the linguistic rights and thus the integration of their multilingual populations. In multilingual democracies, these
language policies must include choices about the use or non-use of translation. These choices, when they are systematic, become
policies of their own in terms of translation. Thus, translation policies arise in part as a consequence of language policies, and
there can be no language policy without an attendant translation policy. This article sheds light on the role of translation
policies as part of language policy. Specifically, it shows that translation policies can be a tool for integration and
recognition or exclusion and neglect of speakers of minority languages and therefore deserve special attention. This is done by
comparing the translation policies adopted in Flanders and Wales, both as applied to autochthonous linguistic minorities and
allochthonous linguistic minorities. Lessons can be learned from the similarities and differences of translation policies in these
two regions.
Keywords: interpreting, translation, language policy, translation policy, Flanders, Wales
Samenvatting
Geen taalbeleid zonder vertaalbeleid: een vergelijking van Vlaanderen en Wales
Een belangrijke uitdaging voor overheden in de moderne wereld is de taalkundige integratie
van minderheden. In deze context speelt taalbeleid een belangrijke rol aangezien overheden
meer en meer geconfronteerd worden met de uitdaging om hun taalbeleid aan te passen om
de taalrechten en dus de integratie van hun meertalige bevolking veilig te stellen. In meertalige
democratieën moet dit taalbeleid keuzes inhouden over het gebruik of niet-gebruik van vertaling.
Indien deze keuzes systematisch worden, vormen ze een vertaalbeleid op zich. Vertaalbeleid
ontstaat dus als gevolg van taalbeleid: er kan geen taalbeleid zijn zonder een begeleidend
vertaalbeleid. Dit artikel werpt licht op de rol van vertaalbeleid als onderdeel van taalbeleid.
In het bijzonder laat het zien dat vertaalbeleid een instrument kan vormen voor integratie
en erkenning of uitsluiting van sprekers van minderheidstalen en daarom speciale aandacht
verdient. Hiervoor wordt het vertaalbeleid in Vlaanderen en Wales, zowel voor autochtone
als allochtone linguïstische minderheden, vergeleken. Lessen kunnen worden getrokken uit de
overeenkomsten en verschillen in vertaalbeleid in deze twee regio’s.
Resumen
No hay política lingüística sin política de traducción: una comparación entre Flandes y Gales
La integración lingüística de las minorías supone uno de los principales retos para las autoridades
contemporáneas. En tal contexto, las políticas lingüísticas cumplen un papel fundamental
conforme las autoridades enfrentan cada vez con mayor frecuencia el desafío de ajustar sus
políticas lingüísticas al objetivo de asegurar los derechos lingüísticos, y por ende lograr la integración,
de las poblaciones en las que se hablan varios idiomas. En democracias multilingües,
dichas políticas forzosamente incluyen decisiones en torno al uso (o no) de la traducción. Tales
decisiones, cuando tienen carácter sistemático, se convierten en políticas de traducción en sí,
por lo cual las políticas de traducción surgen en parte como consecuencia de las lingüísticas; es
decir, no hay política lingüística sin política de traducción. Este artículo revela algunos aspectos
de la función que cumplen las políticas de traducción en el contexto de la política lingüística. El
mismo demuestra que las políticas de traducción pueden ser un instrumento para lograr por un
lado la integración y el reconocimiento o por otro la exclusión y el abandono de los hablantes
de idiomas minoritarios, por lo cual se les debe prestar particular atención. Tal demostración se
lleva a cabo mediante la comparación de las políticas de traducción adoptadas en Flandes y en
Gales, tanto para las minorías lingüísticas autóctonas como alóctonas. Las semejanzas y diferencias
en las políticas de traducción de estas dos regiones pueden aportar lecciones relevantes.
Article outline
- Theoretical framework
- Method
- The linguistic make-up of Flanders
- Translation policy in Flanders
- The linguistic make-up of Wales
- Translation policy in Wales
- Conclusion
- Notes
References
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