Article published In: Language Problems and Language Planning
Vol. 42:1 (2018) ► pp.45–69
Articles / Articulos / Aufsätze / Artikoloj
Multilingual educational language policies in Switzerland and Sweden
A meta-analysis
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC) 4.0 license.
For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at rights@benjamins.nl.
Published online: 24 April 2018
https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00005.lun
https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00005.lun
Abstract
Multilingualism represents a global challenge and a goal of education in European
states. This meta-analysis examines how research studies on multilingual
educational policy documents on a macro-level (national/regional) in Sweden and
Switzerland differ in terms of foci and how the discourses in the articles
represent different treatments of multilingual educational language policies.
These countries were selected because of their similarities regarding the
societal context, but they are different in regard to language policy issues and
political formation. The articles were systematically identified via two
databases, ERIC and LLBA, and in order to examine the latest developments after
the introduction of a new language act in Sweden and the harmonization of public
education in Switzerland in 2009, only research articles published between 2009
and 2016 were included. The results of the study suggest that a monolingual
habitus exists in the Swedish nation state context compared to a more
pluralistic approach in Switzerland. The most noteworthy result is the diverging
definitions of multilingualism and plurilingual
students and how this understanding influences the treatment of
educational policies in these two linguistically and culturally superdiverse
European countries.
Zusammenfassung
Mehrsprachige Sprach- und Sprachenpolitik in der schweizerischen und schwedischen Bildung: Eine Meta-Analyse
Mehrsprachigkeit ist eine globale Herausforderung und ein Bildungsziel
europäischer Staaten. Diese Meta-Analyse untersucht, wie sich die Resultate von
Forschungsprojekten über mehrsprachige Sprach- und Sprachenpolitik in der
schweizerischen und der schwedischen Bildung auf einer Makroebene
(national/regional) unterscheiden. Beschrieben werden die unterschiedlichen
Schwerpunkte und Handhabungen von Diskursen in den jeweiligen Artikeln. Die
Länder wurden aufgrund ihrer Ähnlichkeit in Bezug auf den gesellschaftlichen
Kontext und ihrer Unterscheidung betreffend der Sprach- und Sprachenpolitik und
der politischen Entstehung des jeweiligen Landes ausgewählt. Die Artikel wurden
systematisch via zwei Datenbasen, ERIC und LLBA identifiziert und um die
jüngsten Entwicklungen nach der Einführung des neuen Sprachgesetzes in Schweden
und der Harmonisierung der öffentlichen Schule in der Schweiz 2009 zu erfassen,
wurden nur Forschungsprojekte einbezogen, welche zwischen 2009 und 2016
publiziert wurden. Die Resultate der vorliegenden Meta-analyse weisen auf einen
monolingualen Habitus im schwedischen Nationalstaat und einer eher
pluralistischen Herangehensweise in der Schweiz hin. Ein nennenswertes Resultat
ist die unterschiedliche Definition von Mehrsprachigkeit und
mehrsprachigen Schülerinnen und Schülern und wie dieses Verständnis
die Betrachtung von bildungspolitischen Steuerdokumenten in den zwei sprachliche
und kulturell vielfältigen europäischen Ländern beeinflusst.
Resumo
Multlingvaj edukaj politikoj en Svislando kaj Svedio: Meta-analizo
Multlingvismo prezentas tutmondan defion kaj edukan celon en eŭropaj ŝtatoj. La
nuna meta-analizo ekzamenas kiel esplorstudoj de dokumentoj pri multlingva eduka
politiko je makronivelo (nacia/regiona) en Svedio kaj Svislando malsamas rilate
fokusopunktojn kaj kiel la diskursoj en la esploroj reprezentas malsamajn
pritraktojn de multlingvaj edukaj lingvopolitikoj. Oni selektis tiujn ĉi landojn
pro iliaj similecoj de socia kunteksto, sed ili malsamas rilate lingvopolitikajn
demandojn kaj politika formiĝo. La ekzamenita esplora literaturo estis sisteme
identigita pere de du datenbazoj, ERIC kaj LLBA, kaj, por ekzameni la plej
lastajn evoluojn post enkonduko de la nova lingvoleĝo en Svedio kaj la
harmoniigo de publika edukado en Svislando en 2009, nur esplorartikoloj
publikigitaj inter la jaroj 2009 kaj 2016 estis inkluzivitaj. La rezultoj de la
studo sugestas, ke unulingva habitus ekzistas en la kunteksto
de la sveda naciŝtato kompare kun pli pluralisma aliro en Svislando. La plej
notinda rezulto estas la diverĝaj difinoj de multlingvismo kaj
plurlingvaj studentoj kaj la maniero laŭ kiu tiu kompreno
influas la traktadon de edukaj politikoj en tiuj du lingve kaj kulture
superdiversaj eŭropaj landoj.
Article outline
- Sociolinguistic and policy context
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Methodology
- Retrieval of studies
- Inclusion and exclusion criteria
- Results
- Identified articles
- Awareness of plurilingualism
- Third language acquisition
- English
- Discrepancy between language policy and language planning
- Conclusions
- Notes
References
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