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In:The COLT Observation Scheme: Digital versions and updated research applications
Nina Spada
[Language Learning & Language Teaching 60] 2024
► pp. 209–210

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Subject index

Published online: 15 August 2024
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/lllt.60.si

 

A

  • accuracy 4, 8, 15, 43, 153, 167–168, 170
  • activity/activities 12, 14, 20, 26, 28, 58, 100, 101, 125–127, 142, 150–152, 193–197
  • Activities and Episodes 12, 14, 26, 28, 58
  • AI Mobile COLT 130, 172, 174, 175
  • AI coding 130–132, 135–137, 140, 168, 174
    • configure auto-coding 136–138
    • keyword matching131
    • phrases 131, 136, 137
    • pattern matching 130, 131, 137
    • reliability140
  • analytic 3, 153, 166, 167
  • artificial intelligence (A.I.) 1, 9, 117, 129, 172, 174, 180–182
  • audio (material) 18, 49–51, 170
  • audiolingual 5, 157
  • Automatic COLT/coding 9, 117, 118, 129–138, 174, 181–183
  • automatic speech recognition (ASR)/speech recognition 1, 129, 181, 182

B

  • binary 16, 43, 44, 106, 108, 143, 144
  • ‘black box’5

C

  • choral 14, 24, 29, 30, 78, 82, 100, 112, 129
  • clarification request 23, 67, 72–75, 82, 177, 199
  • Class 14, 29–31, 103, 104
  • classification/system of activity types 142, 151, 193
  • classroom research 1, 5, 6, 9, 148
  • CLT 3, 4, 6, 8, 148, 157–160
  • Coding without recording 130, 135, 140, 205
  • CollaVOD 117–119, 128, 140, 168–169, 171, 172, 203
  • COLAV-E 119, 122, 125, 127, 128, 140
  • combinations 28, 36, 38, 41, 43, 46, 102, 108
  • comment 23, 68, 72, 82, 112–113, 177
    • form 23, 72, 73
    • message 23, 72–74
  • communicative
    • competence 2, 3, 15, 16, 152
    • approach 2–4, 8, 25, 147, 157, 158
    • features 12, 20, 53, 82, 106, 113
    • language teaching 2, 3, 10, 15, 17–20, 23, 24, 110, 111
  • communicative orientation 1, 4, 10, 11, 110, 119, 129, 154
  • Content 12, 15, 16, 22, 23, 33–46, 102, 103, 129, 193, 194, 202
  • Content control 12, 17, 28, 47, 110, 129
  • content-based instruction (CBI)/content-based language teaching (CBLT) 8, 161–164, 166
  • core French 7, 107, 152–154
  • correction 23, 67–71, 82, 108, 111–114, 198
  • counterbalance hypothesis 167, 168

D

  • different tasks 14, 15, 30
  • Digital COLT 1, 11, 117, 119, 121, 129, 140, 141, 168, 180
  • discipline 15, 33, 59, 129
  • Discourse initiation 20, 24, 53, 56, 59, 77, 78, 82, 107, 111, 112
  • discourse 15, 20, 33, 40–44
  • double coding 83, 106, 108

E

  • elaboration request 23, 56, 67, 72, 74, 75, 82, 108, 111, 113, 199
  • Episode 12, 14, 20, 26, 28–30, 58, 100, 101, 117, 119
  • equal focus/equal emphasis 29–31, 36, 102, 125
  • ethnographic 5, 10
  • exclusive focus 8, 28, 29, 33, 34, 37, 42, 44, 100, 110
  • expansion 23, 56, 57, 67, 72, 73, 82, 112, 177, 199
  • experiential 3, 153, 156, 167
  • explicit instruction 8, 143
  • extended French 7, 107

F

  • focus on form 34, 110, 156, 163
  • focus on meaning 4, 8, 16, 36, 42, 110, 160, 173
  • form 15, 33–37, 46
    • and meaning 3, 4, 8, 39, 41, 102, 110
    • form-based 3, 77, 150, 180
    • form-focused 77, 110, 143, 154, 156, 160
  • Form restriction 20, 24, 53, 78, 111–113, 199
  • French immersion 7, 16, 44, 81, 107, 164, 174
  • function 15, 33, 37–39, 129

G

  • genuine request 21, 56, 61, 63, 75, 79, 81–82, 106, 113–114, 177, 198
  • Giving information 21, 60, 63, 81, 106, 111, 179
  • Glexa 117, 119, 127, 134
  • global
    • method comparison5
    • score/scoring 10, 110, 111, 119, 127–129, 132, 140, 203
  • grammar translation5
  • Group 14, 30, 31, 101–104, 110, 169–171, 173, 174

H

  • high inference category 16, 79, 144

I

  • Incorporation of student/teacher utterances 20, 22, 53, 56, 67, 69, 72, 74, 77, 81, 82, 108, 109, 111–114, 177, 198, 199
  • Individual 14, 15, 30–32, 101–102, 169, 170
  • Information gap 20, 21, 53, 60, 106, 107, 111–114, 177, 178
  • instructed SLA 8, 9
  • intensive ESL programs 81–83, 88, 92, 96, 142, 149
  • inter-rater reliability 10, 16, 18, 44, 79, 100, 105, 141, 144, 154, 157, 162, 164

L

  • Language 15, 26, 33, 34, 36, 42, 102–104, 110, 129, 170
  • Learning management system 117, 172
  • listening 17, 18, 48, 49

M

  • machine learning 181, 182
  • macroscopic/microscopic description 9, 168
  • Management 15, 33, 110, 129
  • Materials 12, 18, 28, 49–52, 100, 102, 110, 129
  • meaning-based instruction 3, 4, 8, 77, 110
  • message 20–23, 53, 56, 66–74, 81, 108, 109, 111–114, 177
  • meta-analysis8
  • minimal (speech/turn) 21, 22, 56, 66, 82, 106, 113, 112–114, 177
  • Mobile COLT 117, 128–132, 134, 140, 168, 172–175

N

  • negotiate meaning/negotiation of meaning 4, 15, 158
  • notional functional syllabuses3
  • numerical COLT 112, 168, 180, 181
    • numerical coding system 1, 111, 113–115, 117, 119, 176–177, 179, 180, 181
    • numerical computer-assisted approach104
    • numerical strings 113, 115, 202

O

  • Off task 20, 59, 111–114, 177, 200
  • Other topics 15, 16, 26, 33, 36–38, 40, 42–46, 102, 110, 144
    • broad 16, 33, 36, 40, 41, 43–46, 144, 202
    • narrow 16, 33, 38–45, 144, 202

P

  • paraphrase 23, 67–69, 71, 73, 77, 82, 83, 93, 108, 112–114, 177, 198, 199
  • Participant organization 12, 14, 15, 28–32, 100–104, 110, 129
  • predictable 21, 56, 60, 61, 74, 81, 82, 106, 111, 112, 177, 179, 180, 198
  • primary focus 28, 29, 31, 33, 37–40, 101, 102, 125
  • procedure 15, 33, 160
  • process-product (research) 5, 7, 8, 148, 150, 152, 154
  • pseudo request 21, 55, 56, 60–64, 81, 82, 100, 106, 176, 177, 198
  • psycholinguistic validity6

R

  • range of reference 16, 43, 154
  • Reaction to form/message 53, 66–74, 81, 112–114, 177
  • reading 17, 48, 49
    • reading aloud 60, 80, 166, 195
  • real-time coding 53, 145
  • Recording and coding 135, 138–140
  • reflective practice 9, 142, 157
  • repetition 23, 67–70, 77, 82, 112–114, 198, 199
  • Requesting information 21, 60, 62, 63, 81, 106, 111, 179
  • restricted 24, 25, 56, 78, 79, 82, 112, 199

S

  • same task 14, 15, 30, 31, 101
  • simplified COLT Part A 129, 140
  • sociolinguistics 16, 33, 42–44, 129
  • speaking 17, 48, 49
  • speech-to-text technology 9, 131
  • student (control) 17, 47, 173
  • student-made 18, 49, 50, 52, 153
  • Student modality 12, 17, 28, 48, 100, 129, 170
  • student to student or class (S↔S/C) 14, 29, 30, 101
  • student turn/s 22, 66, 107, 109
  • student verbal interaction 20, 24, 58, 59, 85, 106, 112, 113
  • subject-matter instruction/classes 7, 8, 15, 16, 44, 68, 142, 161, 162, 163
  • Source (material) 18, 49, 50, 110, 129, 170
    • L2-NNS 18, 51
    • L2-NS 18, 50–52, 129, 170
    • L2-NSA 18, 52, 129
  • Sustained speech 20, 21, 53, 56, 66, 106, 107, 108, 111, 112, 114, 153, 177

T

  • Target language 20, 51, 53, 56, 59, 106–108, 111, 112, 114
  • teacher education/professional development 9, 157, 168, 171, 172, 177, 180–182
  • teacher to student or class (T↔S/C) 14, 29, 30, 100, 101
  • teacher/text 17, 47, 110, 129, 170
  • teacher/text/student 17, 47, 110, 112, 129
  • teacher turn/s 22, 82, 108, 114, 176
  • Text 17, 18, 49, 50–52, 159, 170, 173, 174
    • extended 18, 40–42, 50, 110, 170
    • minimal 18, 170
  • Time 12, 14, 26, 100–104, 106, 107, 119, 127, 128, 139
  • time sampling 58, 59, 105, 106, 176
  • turn/s 53, 56, 66, 78, 82, 106–108
  • tripartite 16, 44, 144
  • Type (material) 18, 49, 110, 170

U

  • ultraminimal 21, 22, 56, 66, 82, 106
  • unpredictable 21, 56, 60–61, 63, 74, 81, 82, 106, 111, 112, 114, 177, 198
  • unrestricted 24, 56, 78, 79, 82, 112, 199
  • Uploading and coding 135, 138, 139

V

  • validity 6, 7, 10, 147, 148, 159
  • video-on-demand (VOD) 117–119, 121, 124, 128, 140, 168–172, 203
  • visual (material) 18, 49–51

W

  • writing 17, 48
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