In:L2 Collaborative Writing in Diverse Learning Contexts
Edited by Mimi Li and Meixiu Zhang
[Language Learning & Language Teaching 59] 2023
► pp. 249–253
Index
Published online: 17 August 2023
https://doi.org/10.1075/lllt.59.index
https://doi.org/10.1075/lllt.59.index
A
- accessibility13, 134, 203–204, 215–216, 220, 230
- accuracy24–27, 52, 54, 68–69, 72, 75, 77, 80, 83, 90–91, 94–95, 98–99, 101, 104–106, 109–110, 112–114, 121–122, 125, 127, 129
- accuracy rate91, 93, 95–96
- ACMC (asynchronous computer-mediated communication)155–156, 159, 161, 163, 172–174, 176
- activity system17–19
- activity theory7, 12–13, 17, 30, 145, 153
- affordances21, 45, 57, 212, 219, 221–222, 227
- agency15–16, 19, 133
- Akoto, M.77, 194, 197, 200–201, 203, 210, 222, 224, 228, 230, 232, 247
- Alegria la Colina, A.191–192, 198
- Alghasab, M.16, 59, 205
- Arnold, N.23, 61–62, 64, 67, 134, 157, 193, 232
- artifacts14, 18–19, 31, 154
- assessment approaches238, 240
- Aufa, F.131, 152, 232–233, 237
- Azkarai, A.85, 87, 100
B
- Baba, K.81, 83, 114
- Bikowski, D.2, 4, 41, 60, 69, 82, 188, 190
- Butler, Y. G.99–100, 239
- Bygate, M.81, 83, 113–115, 121, 125–126
- Byrd, D. R.23, 109, 112–113, 121
C
- C/T-unit (clauses per T-unit)90–91, 93–94
- case study54–56, 72–73, 84, 206, 210
- writing change functions3, 61, 65, 67, 71, 133, 157, 159, 162–169, 180
- Chen, W.6, 69, 97, 236, 238
- child learners48, 82, 85, 87–88, 91, 93–95, 97, 99–101
- CMC (computer-mediated communication)24, 31, 33, 37–38, 42, 48, 56, 70, 73, 155–156, 178, 184, 186–187, 189–190, 192, 197
- CMC modalities73, 185–187, 190, 192
- CMC settings37, 45, 54, 57, 65, 72–73, 185, 190
- CMCW (computer-mediated collaborative writing)61, 73, 130, 132–133, 138, 149–151, 186, 195
- coherence70, 77, 92, 95, 188–189, 235, 240
- cohesion2, 24, 55, 60, 92, 95, 235, 240, 242
- collaboration13–16, 21–22, 28–30, 36–39, 42–44, 53, 57, 63–67, 70–75, 80, 83–84, 86, 98–99, 109–110, 115–116, 122–123, 130–131, 147–149, 151–154, 156–157, 174–175, 177–179, 212–214, 224–225, 229–238, 241–244
- collaboration processes2, 56
- collaboration types64
- collaborative dialogues8–9, 15, 31, 75, 77, 103, 105, 156, 158–159, 161, 170, 173–176, 178, 227–228
- collaborative efforts16, 217
- collaborative feedback-processing120, 124–125
- collaborative interactions32, 38, 43, 46–47, 50, 176, 188
- collaborative L2 writing2, 8, 13, 65, 109–110, 121, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139, 141–179, 181, 208
- collaborative learning3, 32, 42, 49, 202, 204, 226, 244–245
- collaborative learning opportunities49, 103
- collaborative patterns7, 15, 25, 63–64, 133, 140, 142, 147, 149, 151, 155, 158–159, 165, 172
- collaborative patterns of interaction140, 151
- collaborative prewriting50, 111, 128, 177
- collaborative processing7, 109, 246
- collaborative tasks4, 8, 27, 49, 84, 127, 132
- collaborative work16, 22, 27, 101, 218
- collaborative writing in L29, 30–31, 51, 75–77, 104–105, 129, 153, 178, 201, 227–228, 230, 246
- collective scaffolding3, 81, 110, 131, 134, 233
- communicative language learning219, 225
- communicative tasks15, 85
- computer-mediated contexts176, 178, 233
- computer-mediated L2 CW156, 158–159, 172, 174, 176
- conditional knowledge35, 47
- content development15, 23, 145, 149, 175
- content repetition113–116, 120, 124–125, 127
- content-reproducing tasks83, 97
- cooperative pattern7, 64, 138, 158, 166–167, 230, 232
- corrective feedback50, 58–59, 76, 104, 129
- CREs (content-related episodes)49, 158, 170–171, 173
- Creswell, J. W.55, 72
- CW (collaborative writing)2–14, 16–17, 19–86, 88, 90, 93–99, 101–106, 109–111, 122, 126–127, 129–131, 134–135, 150–156, 158–159, 174–175, 177–179, 184–247
- CW activities130–131, 176, 184, 191, 195
- CW assessment2, 5–6
- CW products2–3, 46–47, 57, 63
- CW tasks3, 6–8, 36–42, 55–56, 63–64, 68–71, 84–85, 130, 132, 134, 136, 145, 147–152, 156, 158–159, 161, 173, 175–176, 185–187, 203–204
D
- degree of collaboration33, 36–37, 43
- dictogloss (DG)4, 80, 82–86, 87, 97–98, 184, 186, 190–192, 194, 198–199
- digital technologies203–227
- digital tools12–14, 130, 194–196, 216, 223
- distance learning156, 160, 170–171
- Docuviz6, 64–65, 208, 215, 221, 236, 247
- dominant/dominant pattern63, 167
- dominant/withdrawn pattern22, 167–168
- Donato, R.15, 96, 155
- Ducate, L.64, 67, 157, 203, 232
- dyadic interaction63, 132, 137, 162
- dyads49, 54, 69, 89–90, 130, 132, 187–188, 191, 239–240, 243
- dynamic interactions9, 17, 20, 49, 75, 153, 177, 226, 245
E
- EAP (English for Academic Purposes)51, 74–76, 128, 193
- edits21, 57, 112, 157, 160–161, 166, 193, 195, 206, 208, 210, 212–215, 217
- effect sizes93, 118, 121
- EFL (English as a Foreign Language)3, 14, 20, 49, 51, 74, 82, 102, 105, 157, 201, 203, 224, 227
- Elabdali, R.27, 81–82, 96–97, 100
- Ellis, N. C.81, 85, 112–113
- Ellis, R.81, 85, 91
- Elola, I.7, 12–28, 69, 130–131, 158, 187, 203–207, 222
- engagement2–3, 9, 55, 59–60, 63, 65, 76, 84, 124, 186, 204, 230, 232, 236
- Engeström, Y.17, 19
- equality15–16, 61, 63, 66, 132–133, 137, 140–141, 148, 157, 162, 164, 166–167, 230, 236, 239
- ESL (English as a Second Language)3, 9, 49, 51, 75–76, 85, 101, 133, 153, 157, 177, 203, 245, 247
- Etherpad202–204, 208, 212–215, 221, 223, 226, 230, 236
- experimental group42, 54, 88, 93, 191, 238
- expert/novice pattern15, 63, 66, 132–133, 138, 142–144, 147-148, 155, 158, 163, 169–170, 172, 174
- exposition186, 192–194, 198–199
F
- face-to-face32, 37, 39, 44, 53, 153, 156, 178, 184, 226–227, 233, 235, 239, 246
- feedback32, 34–36, 38–39, 42–43, 45–47, 57, 60, 106, 109–111, 115–116, 119, 122–125, 174–175, 218, 227–228, 234, 237, 239–240
- feedback types50, 104
- Fellenz, M. R.231, 237–238
- Ferris, D. R.13, 122, 125
- FFI (focus on form instruction)80–82, 84–86, 88–90, 93–99, 101
- final product6, 14, 26, 36, 217, 220, 233, 242
- fluency24–25, 52, 54, 68–69, 75, 77, 82–83, 90, 101, 103–104, 106, 109, 112–114, 116–125, 127–129
- focus-on-form33, 43
- foreign language (FL)3, 14, 29–30, 74, 82–83, 128, 152–153, 157, 177, 200, 203, 208, 224–227, 245
- foreign language contexts127, 201, 224
- form instruction7, 80–89, 91, 93–107
- formal changes61–62
- Foster, P.112, 117, 123–125
- FTF/F2F (face-to-face)5, 13, 24, 26, 53–54, 56–57, 59–60, 63, 68, 71–73, 132, 156, 158–159, 184–192, 194, 197
G
- García Mayo, M. P.4, 7, 33, 41, 80, 82, 84–85, 87–91, 100, 110, 121, 191–192, 198
- genre3, 24, 27, 87, 116, 148, 150–151, 189, 196, 203
- genre knowledge3, 196, 198
- GI (Guiraud’s Index)88, 90–91, 93–94
- Google Docs5–8, 14, 16, 19–22, 29, 64–66, 130–131, 133–137, 145–146, 149–152, 161–162, 167–168, 200, 202–203, 208–215, 222, 224–225, 233, 235–236, 244
- Google Docs comments137–138, 144–145
- Google Docs pages138, 140, 150, 168–171
- grammatical accuracy7, 24, 85, 92–93, 97, 99, 101–102, 110, 113–114, 116–121, 124–125, 178, 203
- GREs (genre-related episodes)3, 9, 77
- group interactions9, 30, 153, 177, 201, 226, 245
- group members6, 55–56, 67, 135–136, 145, 157, 180–181, 193, 207, 235–237
H
- Handley, Z.16, 21, 195
- Hedgcock, J.111, 115, 125
- high equality22, 63–64, 66–67, 138, 142, 157–159, 163, 230
- high mutuality22, 63–64, 67, 142–143, 157–158, 162–163, 169, 172, 174–175
- Hsu, H. C.4–5, 69, 145, 158–159, 170, 175
I
- individual contributions5–6, 157, 208, 210–211, 213–214, 231, 245
- instructed second language acquisition50, 104, 200
- interaction mindsets50, 176, 178
- interaction modes56, 152, 156, 159, 174, 176, 225
- interaction patterns26, 31, 130, 132–135, 137–138, 141, 147–151, 153, 156–157, 159, 162–165, 172, 174, 176, 178, 229–230, 232, 236, 238, 246
- interactional behaviors49–50, 102, 178
- interactional features32, 71
- interpersonal communication58–59, 145, 147, 149
- intersubjectivity12–13, 15, 22, 67, 163, 181
- IUs (idea units)91–94, 98, 104
- IW (individual writing)4, 9, 32, 39, 42, 52, 54, 77, 82, 85–86, 88–90, 93–100, 106, 234–235, 239, 241
J
- jigsaw tasks5, 24, 191
- Johnson, M. D.109, 113, 116–117
K
- Kessler, G.3, 14–16, 21, 23–24, 26, 58, 61–62, 131, 134, 158, 203, 219
- Kessler, M.185, 194, 197
- Khezrlou, S.81, 83, 85
- Kim, D.3, 42, 55, 58–59, 61–62, 65, 67, 134, 156, 162, 203, 232
- Kim, Y.109–110, 113–115, 124
- knowledge co-construction12–13, 21
- Kopinska, M.85, 87, 100
- Kormos, J.36, 109–110, 112–114
- Kost, C.24–26, 64, 67, 157–158, 232
L
- Lai, C.16, 22, 61–63
- language-centered tasks97
- language-focused tasks4
- language forms44, 60, 82, 111, 180, 188
- language functions3, 15, 57–59, 65, 67, 133, 157, 162–169, 180
- language learning opportunities81, 85
- language proficiency197–198, 243
- languaging2, 9, 33, 40, 50–51, 81, 85, 105, 131, 153, 156, 178, 246
- Lapkin, S.4, 59, 81, 85
- learner proficiency8, 75, 103
- learning contexts34, 51, 70, 152, 220, 222, 229–230
- learning outcomes32, 37–38, 44, 63
- learning processes34–35, 47, 152
- learning strategies34–35
- Lee, L.15–16, 24, 203–206
- Leeser, M. J.4, 60, 81, 85
- lexical accuracy97–98, 109, 114, 116–121, 124–125
- lexical complexity91, 127–128
- lexical diversity24, 88, 90
- lexical sophistication
- Li, M.2–3, 5–6, 8–10, 20–21, 30, 49, 52–53, 55, 57–59, 75, 153–154, 158, 162, 177, 185–186, 194–195, 201, 225–226, 228, 230, 232, 245, 247
- Limited Attentional Capacity Model112, 124–125
- linguistic features7, 25, 63, 66, 81, 87, 109, 113–114, 116–121, 123, 125, 188
- low equality22, 63–64, 66–67, 143, 157–159, 163, 169, 230
- low mutuality63–64, 66–67, 138, 141, 158–159, 163, 166, 172, 174–176, 230
- LREs (language-related episodes)2, 4–5, 33, 40, 42–43, 45–46, 49, 57–60, 71, 73, 77, 84–85, 102, 104, 158–159, 170–171, 173
M
- Macdonald, J.231, 235, 237
- mobile-assisted language learning33
- Manchón, R. M.83, 109, 112, 114, 122, 125, 194, 230
- McDonough, K.39, 59, 85, 111, 176
- meaning-focused tasks199
- mechanics2, 60, 84–85, 92, 95, 98, 180
- mediation12–14, 16–17, 23
- metacognition32, 34–47, 49–50, 52
- metacognitive activities34–35, 39–40, 43, 45, 48, 51
- metacognitive approaches7, 13, 32–51
- metacognitive awareness51
- metacognitive instruction32, 34, 41–44, 46–48, 50, 104, 177
- metacognitive knowledge34–35, 37–38, 41–44, 46–48, 51
- metacognitive regulation34–35, 37–40, 42–44, 46, 49
- metalanguage85
- MLC (mean length of clauses)69, 88, 90–91, 93, 98
- modes5, 7, 9, 131, 134, 149, 153, 159, 176, 178–179, 194–196, 205–206, 218, 222, 232–233, 239, 246
- modes of communication4–5, 22, 37, 41, 44, 131–135, 153, 178, 233
- monitoring14, 32, 35, 37, 39–41, 43–45, 98, 161
- multilingual students9, 246
- multimedia tools202, 215, 219, 223
- multimodal27, 29–30, 184–185, 194–195, 199–201, 215, 217–218, 220, 232
- multimodal tasks197, 204, 217
- multimodal texts26, 31, 48, 218
- mutuality6, 15, 19, 22, 61, 63–67, 132–133, 137, 140–141, 148, 157–159, 162–164, 167, 174, 230, 236–237, 239
N
- negotiations20, 73–74, 130–131, 237
- Nishino, T.110, 122, 125
- Nitta, R.81, 83, 114
O
- Ong, J.113, 117, 121
- online collaboration13, 203, 225
- online interaction64, 210
- online learning214
- online peer interaction64–65
- OREs (organization-related episodes)158, 170–171, 173
- Ortega, L.117–118, 123, 156
- Oskoz, A.7, 14–21, 23–26, 130–131, 158, 187, 203–205, 222
P
- pair interactions5, 77, 153
- pair talk58, 60, 66, 71
- pair work51, 64, 76, 103, 153
- Pallotti, G.116, 123, 125
- patterns of collaboration21–22, 53, 55, 57, 63–64, 66–67, 71–72, 157, 176
- patterns of peer interaction5, 156, 161–162, 165, 172, 174, 176
- PBwiki187, 195, 204–205, 212, 214, 221
- PBworks204–205, 207–208, 211–215, 219, 221–222
- peer collaboration4, 7, 61, 64, 110–111, 156
- peer feedback13, 38–39, 50–51, 160, 226, 232, 235, 239
- peer interaction2, 5–6, 8, 16, 19–20, 50, 53, 57–59, 63, 65, 73, 77, 153, 155–179, 181, 197, 200
- peer revision31
- phrasal complexity68–70
- planning14, 32, 34–35, 38–41, 43–45, 47–48, 56, 111–113, 127–128, 137, 231, 236
- Plonsky, L.2, 33, 41, 53, 68, 71, 81, 85, 185, 230, 232
- Polio, C.68, 190, 246
- possessive determiners80, 86–87, 89
- pretask focus on form instruction80–89, 91, 93–107
- procedural repetition113–116, 120, 125
- proficiency levels23, 25, 27–28, 110, 112, 197, 243
- propositional content24–25
R
- regulation14, 17, 19, 31, 37, 41, 43, 46
- regulation activities19–20
- researcher bias72
- revision histories131, 193, 206–208, 210, 235–236
- revision history records209–210
- revision processes27, 29, 61, 73–74, 109–112, 115, 120, 124, 152, 177, 200, 244
- revisions40–41, 44, 57, 60–62, 72–73, 109, 113, 115–116, 120–121, 124–125, 137–138, 140, 158, 160, 187, 206–207, 210
- Rouhshad, A.150, 156, 159, 174, 232
S
- Sato, M.7, 32–50, 52
- scaffolding12–13, 15–17, 22, 27–28, 163, 166, 168, 203, 206, 216, 224
- scaffolding strategies3, 65, 67, 162–165, 167, 169, 180–181
- SCMC (synchronous computer-mediated communication)7, 24, 26, 31, 155–156
- SCT (sociocultural theory)7, 12–14, 16, 19, 21, 23, 27–28, 33, 36
- second/foreign language learning30, 51, 102, 105, 152–153, 244, 246
- second language development30, 77
- second language learners7, 30, 49, 75, 103, 130, 134, 153, 224–225
- second language learning9, 29, 76–77, 102–105, 152–153, 177–178, 226, 228, 246
- self-assessment239–240, 244
- self-regulation14, 17, 31, 49, 239
- Shehadeh, A.40–41, 84, 189
- Skehan, P.112, 117, 123–125
- SLA (second language acquisition)30, 50, 53, 75–76, 80, 102–106, 127, 129, 201, 246
- small group interactions8, 75, 200
- SRL (self-regulated learning)35–36, 47, 50, 52
- Storch, N.2–6, 9, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22–23, 29, 31, 33, 35–36, 41–42, 46, 50–56, 58–64, 66, 69, 75–77, 80–81, 84–85, 88, 101–103, 105–106, 110, 114, 121–122, 124, 127, 129–132, 135, 137, 142, 144–145, 150–153, 155–156, 159, 162, 165, 174, 178, 191, 197, 201–203, 206–207, 214, 219–220, 225–227, 229–230, 233, 235–236, 238–239, 242, 244–246
- Storch’s dyadic interaction model63
- story/narrative tasks184, 187–190
- storyboards204, 215–216, 218–219
- Strobl, C.203, 209, 223
- student agency223
- student-initiated attention8, 16, 30, 152, 177
- student perceptions51, 104, 201, 216, 244
- subordination90, 93, 98, 116, 120, 123
- Swain, M.2, 57, 59–60, 63, 66, 81, 85, 130, 155–156, 207
- syntactic complexity24, 68, 71, 75, 84, 109, 112–114, 116, 118–120, 123, 125, 129
T
- T-unit24, 68–69, 88, 90–91, 93, 98, 116–120, 122, 125
- Tan, L.4–5, 63, 150, 156, 158–159, 174
- target forms80, 84, 86, 91, 99
- task-based L2 writing109–111, 114, 122, 125–126
- task-based language learning29, 104, 127–129
- task completion35, 40, 42–43, 45–46, 57, 113
- task complexity112–113, 128
- task conditions69, 81–82, 124, 128
- task management3, 7, 58–59, 64, 89, 145–146, 149, 151, 236
- task modality53, 73, 106, 156, 159–160, 172–175
- taxonomy of language functions58–59
- taxonomy of revisions61–62
- teacher feedback43, 111, 239
- technology access197
- technology-mediated CW44
- Teng, L. S.33, 36–37, 42–43
- text-based ACMC155–156, 159, 161, 164, 166–169, 171–176
- text-based changes61
- text-based SCMC155–156, 158–159, 161, 163, 165, 169–176
- text ownership137–138, 151
- text quality29, 68–71, 74, 76, 80, 111, 126, 128, 152, 200, 235, 244
- text reconstruction99, 191–192, 194, 198–199
- TL (target language)37, 68, 188, 191–192, 197, 241–242
- tool mediation16–17
- TR (task repetition)7, 80–81, 83–85, 89, 92, 97, 101–104, 109–119, 119–120, 121, 123, 125
- triads7, 17, 133, 135, 137–138, 140–143, 145–149, 151
V
- Villarreal, I.83, 97, 187
- Vygotskian approaches29, 152, 177
- Vygotsky, L. S.14–15, 17, 55, 80
W
- Wang, L.19–20, 131, 133, 150, 156, 159, 233
- Wang, Y. C.64, 203, 208, 210, 236
- Warschauer, M.28, 64, 203
- WhatsApp7, 130, 132, 134–135, 142, 145, 149, 151, 208
- Wigglesworth, G.3, 41, 60, 69, 82, 84, 110
- wiki-based CW tasks55–56, 64, 206
- wiki collaborations24, 157, 236
- wiki discussion67, 133, 150
- wiki history pages157–158
- wiki-mediated collaboration152, 177
- wikis3, 8–9, 16–17, 19–21, 23–25, 29–30, 57–58, 62, 64–65, 67, 74–76, 131, 133, 152–153, 156–157, 177, 187, 193–195, 202–206, 224–228, 233, 236, 244–245
- written texts6, 27, 68, 70, 105, 114, 155, 161, 174, 193, 203, 230, 234, 240
Y
- Yeh, H. C.25, 203, 214, 230
- young learners7, 46, 80, 82, 85
Z
- Zhang, M.2, 5–6, 33, 36–37, 40, 43, 54–55, 57–60, 64, 68–69, 71–72, 185–186, 192, 194–195, 203–204, 216, 230, 232, 236, 238
- zone of proximal development (ZPD)15–16
