In:Writing and Language Learning: Advancing research agendas
Edited by Rosa M. Manchón
[Language Learning & Language Teaching 56] 2020
► pp. 281–308
Chapter 12The meaning-making potential of collaborative L2 writing at tertiary level
Published online: 20 November 2020
https://doi.org/10.1075/lllt.56.12sal
https://doi.org/10.1075/lllt.56.12sal
Abstract
This chapter reports on a longitudinal study on collaborative writing by advanced L2 university
students. In an attempt to elucidate the language-learning potential of collaborative writing over one semester, a
mixed-method, descriptive, exploratory study with students writing essays in digital environments individually
(n = 11) and in pairs (n = 15) was designed. Data consisted of the audio
recordings of dyadic interaction, surveys, and expository essays. Results provide evidence of dyads deliberating upon
complex meaning-making decisions, indicate positive responses to collaborative writing, and suggest heterogeneous
development of syntactic complexity features characteristic of academic writing between the groups. Findings will be
discussed from the point of view of research and pedagogy.
Article outline
- Introduction
- Theoretical framework
- Cognitive perspective
- Sociocultural perspective
- Functional perspective
- The present study
- Aims and research questions
- Method
- Research site
- Research approach
- Participants
- Instruments
- Audio recordings
- Surveys
- Expository essays
- Data analysis procedures
- Discourse analysis of dyadic interaction
- Language-related episodes
- Non-linguistic Episodes
- Survey analysis
- Corpus analysis of expository essays
- Results and discussion
- Collaborative L2 writing and meaning negotiations
- Meaning negotiations
- Content negotiations
- Students’ perceptions of collaborative L2 writing
- Quantitative survey results
- Qualitative survey results
- Collaborative L2 writing and syntactic complexity development
- Conclusion and implications
Notes References Appendix
References (43)
Biber, D., Gray, B., & Poonpon, K. (2011). Should
we use characteristics of conversation to measure grammatical complexity in L2 writing
development? TESOL
Quarterly, 45(1), 5–35.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using
thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in
Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
Byrnes, H. (2009). Emergent
L2 German writing ability in a curricular context: A longitudinal study of grammatical
metaphor. Linguistics and
Education, 20, 50–66.
(2014). Theorizing
language development at the intersection of ‘task’ and L2 writing: Reconsidering
complexity. In H. Byrnes & R.M. Manchón (Eds.), Task-based
language learning. Insights from and for L2
writing (pp. 79–103). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Byrnes, H., & Manchón, R.M. (2014). Task-based
language learning: Insights from and for L2 writing: An
introduction. In H. Byrnes & R.M. Manchón (Eds.), Task-based
language learning. Insights from and for L2
writing (pp. 1–23). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Crossley, S.A., & McNamara, D.S. (2014). Does
writing development equal writing quality? A computational investigation of syntactic complexity in L2
learners. Journal of Second Language
Writing, 26, 66–79.
Cumming, A. (1990). Metalinguistic
and ideational thinking in second language composing. Written
Communication, 7(4), 482–511.
Donato, R. (1994). Collective
scaffolding in second language learning. In J.P. Lantolf & G. Appel (Eds.), Vygotskian
approaches to second language
research (pp. 33–56). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
García Mayo, M.P., & Azkarai, A. (2016). EFL
task-based interaction: Does task modality impact on language-related
episodes? In M. Sato & S. Ballinger (Eds.), Peer
interaction and second language learning: Pedagogical potential and research
agenda (pp. 241–266). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Göknil, A. (2018). L2
collaborative writing at tertiary level: An analysis of topic sentence formation in academic
essays (Unpublished master’s
thesis). University of Münster.
Halliday, M.A.K. (2002). Spoken
and written modes of meaning. In J.J. Webster (Ed.), On
grammar (pp. 323–351). London: Continuum.
Halliday, M.A.K., & Matthiessen, C.M.I.M. (2004). An
introduction to functional grammar (3rd
ed.). London: Edward Arnold.
Kim, Y. (2008). The
contribution of collaborative and individual tasks to the acquisition of L2
vocabulary. Modern Language
Journal, 92, 114–130.
Larsen-Freeman, D. (2006). The
emergence of complexity, fluency, and accuracy in the oral and written production of five Chinese learners of
English. Applied
Linguistics, 27(4), 590–619.
Liardét, C.L. (2013). An
exploration of Chinese EFL learner’s deployment of grammatical metaphor: Learning to make academically valued
meanings. Journal of Second Language
Writing, 22, 161–178.
Long, M.H. (1996). The
role of the linguistic environment in second language
acquisition. In W.C. Ritchie & T.K. Bhatia (Eds.), Handbook
of second language
acquisition (pp. 413–468). New York, NY: Academic Press.
Manchón, R.M., & Roca de Larios, J. (2007). Writing-to-learn
in instructed language learning contexts. In E. Alcón Soler & M.P. Safont Jordà (Eds.), Intercultural
language use and language
learning (pp. 101–121). Dordrecht: Springer.
Manchón, R.M., & Williams, J. (2016). L2
writing and SLA studies. In R.M. Manchón & P.K. Matsuda (Eds.), Handbook
of second and foreign language
writing (pp. 567–586). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
Mazgutova, D., & Kormos, J. (2015). Syntactic
and lexical development in an intensive English for Academic Purposes
programme. Journal of Second Language
Writing, 29, 3–15.
Nitta, R., & Baba, K. (2014). Task
repetition and L2 writing development: A longitudinal study from a dynamic systems
perspective. In H. Byrnes & R.M. Manchón (Eds.), Task-based
language learning. Insights from and for L2
writing (pp. 107–136). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Norrby, C., & Håkansson, G. (2007). The
interaction of complexity and grammatical processability: The case of Swedish as a foreign
language. International Review of Applied
Linguistics, 45, 45–68.
Ortega, L. (2015). Syntactic
complexity in L2 writing: Progress and expansion. Journal of Second Language
Writing, 29, 82–94.
Parkinson, J., & Musgrave, J. (2014). Development
of noun phrase complexity in the writing of English for Academic Purposes
students. Journal of English for Academic
Purposes, 14, 48–59.
Reinders, H. (2009). Learner
uptake and acquisition in three grammar-oriented production
activities. Language Teaching
Research, 13(2), 201–222.
Roca de Larios, J., Murphy, L., & Manchón, R.M. (1999). The
use of restructuring strategies in EFL writing: A study of Spanish learners of English as a foreign
language. Journal of Second Language
Writing, 8(1), 13–44.
Ryshina-Pankova, M. (2015). A
meaning-based approach to the study of complexity in L2 writing: The case of grammatical
metaphor. Journal of Second Language
Writing, 29, 51–63.
Shehadeh, A. (2011). Effects
and student perceptions of collaborative writing in L2. Journal of Second
Language
Writing, 20, 286–305.
Storch, N. (1999). Are
two heads better than one? Pair work and grammatical
accuracy. System, 27(3), 363–374.
(2005). Collaborative
writing: Product, process, and students’ reflections. Journal of Second
Language
Writing, 14, 153–173.
(2008). Metatalk
in a pair work activity: Level of engagement and implications for language
development. Language
Awareness, 17(2), 95–114.
Storch, N., & Wigglesworth, G. (2007). Writing
tasks: The effects of collaboration. In M.P. García Mayo (Ed.), Investigating
tasks in formal language
learning (pp. 157–177). Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters.
Swain, M. (1985). Communicative
competence: Some roles of comprehensible input and comprehensible output in its
development. In S. Gass & C. Madden (Eds.), Input
in second language
acquisition (pp. 235–253). Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
(1995). Three
functions of output in second language
learning. In G. Cook & B. Seidlhofer (Eds.), Principle
and practice in applied linguistics: Studies in honour of H. G.
Widdowson (pp. 125–144). Oxford: OUP.
(2000). The
output hypothesis and beyond: Mediating acquisition through collaborative
dialogue. In J.P. Lantolf (Ed.), Sociocultural
theory and second language
learning (pp. 97–114). Oxford: OUP.
(2006). Languaging,
agency and collaboration in advanced second language
learning. In H. Byrnes (Ed.), Advanced
language learning: The contribution of Halliday and
Vygotsky (pp. 95–108). London: Continuum.
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (1995). Problems
in output and the cognitive processes they generate: A step towards second language
learning. Applied
Linguistics, 16(3), 371–391.
(1998). Interaction
and second language learning: Two adolescent French immersion students working
together. Modern Language
Journal, 82(3), 320–337.
