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Article published In: Languages in Contrast
Vol. 21:1 (2021) ► pp.82–111

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Temperaments, tempers, and temporality

Constructions reveal how speakers of French and English conceptualize human properties

ORCiD logo with link | Université de Lille, France
 | Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, France
 | Université de Lille, France
Published online: 8 May 2020
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https://doi.org/10.1075/lic.19006.cap
Abstract
This study focuses on French and English abstract nouns denoting properties that can be ascribed to humans, such as beauty, carefulness and anger. Previous research showed that some but not all of these nouns are licensed in both locative existentials (e.g., There’s an intense anger in Isabella) and possessive existentials (e.g., Isabella has an intense anger). What remains unclear is how these and other patterns correlate among themselves depending on how easily they host such nouns. We here use speaker ratings of these nouns in different constructional environments. A principal component analysis suggests that the main dimension underlying native speakers’ ratings of these abstract nouns in six different patterns is temporal limitability. This gradable distinction, strongly correlated with the locative existential, holds for both the French and English data and outweighs any French-English contrastive differences in how acceptable human property nouns are considered to be in the patterns studied.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Existentials and other constructions, a cline of HPNs, and predictions
    • 2.1Two existential constructions
    • 2.2HPNs in locative and possessive existentials
    • 2.3Four other constructions
      • 2.3.1Genitive of quality
      • 2.3.2Go into a state of…
      • 2.3.3Pluralization
      • 2.3.4… didn’t last long
    • 2.4Constructional convergence, classificatory validity and cross-linguistic convergence: Predictions
  • 3.Materials and methods
    • 3.1Test items
    • 3.2Data gathering
    • 3.3Statistical processing
  • 4.Results
    • 4.1Results for French
      • 4.1.1Correlations among constructions
      • 4.1.2Classes of HPNs
    • 4.2Results for English
      • 4.2.1Correlations among constructions
      • 4.2.2Classes of HPNs
    • 4.3French and English results taken together
  • 5.Discussion
  • 6.Conclusion
  • Notes
  • References
References (42)
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