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In:Null Objects from a Cross-Linguistic and Developmental Perspective
Edited by Pilar Barbosa and Cristina Flores
[Language Faculty and Beyond 19] 2025
► pp. 49–81

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On the syntax of missing objects

The case of Brazilian Portuguese

 | University of Campinas
Published online: 15 April 2025
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https://doi.org/10.1075/lfab.19.03cyr
Abstract
In this paper I show that missing objects may occur in several languages, but different languages show a different range of properties. In this paper, I review some of these properties, and I examine the specific case of anaphoric missing objects in Brazilian Portuguese. In this language, null anaphoric objects have a set of unique properties that correlates synchronically and diachronically to other phenomena, such as the loss of 3rd person clitics, the presence of V-stranding VP ellipsis, and Differential Object Marking animacy effects. Given this scenario, I argue that null objects are instances of DP ellipsis in the language. The paper aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion on missing objects across languages by bringing a case study whereby many properties add up to the possibility of object (DP) ellipsis.
Article outline
  • Introduction
  • 1.The non-homogeneity of missing object constructions
    • 1.1Context-sensitive/pragmatically controlled missing objects
    • 1.2“Recipe context” missing objects
    • 1.3Arbitrary missing objects
    • 1.4VP(V-stranding) ellipsis
    • 1.5Missing objects in short answers
    • 1.6Null Complement Anaphora
  • 2.On anaphoric null objects
  • 3.On the properties of BP anaphoric null objects
    • 3.1Non-islandhood
    • 3.2Animacy restrictions
    • 3.3Strict/sloppy readings
    • 3.4Structure parallelism
    • 3.5Disjunctive/E-type readings
  • 4.On the syntax of BP anaphoric null objects
    • 4.1Null objects in BP are DP ellipsis
    • 4.2Animacy in syntax
  • 5.On null animate objects in BP
  • Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
References (123)
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