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Article published In: Language and Linguistics
Vol. 18:3 (2017) ► pp.479–504

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焦點–重音原則與漢語的「把」字句

 | Ludong University
 | Ludong University
 | The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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Published online: 31 July 2017
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https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.18.3.06zha
抽象
本文從焦點–重音匹配的角度來探討漢語日常口語中「把」字句謂語部分的複雜性。本文認為，與一般 [PP V] 結構不同，「把」字句是為了在句子層面上把位於「把」NP 後的謂語部分處理為資訊焦點而產生的一種特殊句式，而實現為資訊焦點的必要條件就是必須得到句法結構提供的核心重音。由於「把」字句中「把」後 NP 是謂語動詞的論元，其後的謂語部分只有在句法上形成分支結構才能夠得到核心重音，僅僅在韻律上形成分支結構是不夠的，因此光杆動詞和不形成句法分支的雙音節動詞都被排除在「把」字句之外。這個觀點也適用於其他動詞在尾的結構，例如被動句和「連…都」結構等。
Abstract
Focus-Stress Principle and Ba construction
This article addresses why a VP is required in a ba sentence in everyday speech based on the Focus-Stress Principle. It is argued that ba construction as one type of head-final structure is motivated to process predicate as informational focus at sentence level, which must be signaled in terms of the Nuclear Stress in everyday speech constrained by Stress-XP. A bare verb in a ba sentence cannot receive the Nuclear Stress and is thus ruled out. In contrast, a VP in a ba sentence receives the Nuclear Stress and is allowed. This analysis holds for other head-final structures, such as bei construction and lian…dou construction, as well.
Article outline
  • 1.引言
  • 2.核心重音原則與「把」字句
    • 2.1經典核心重音原則與「把」字句
    • 2.2修正的核心重音原則與「把」字句
  • 3.焦點–重音原則與「把」字句
    • 3.1焦點–重音原則
    • 3.2漢語資訊焦點的實現手段
    • 3.3焦點驅動與「把」字句的形成
      • 3.3.1SVO 結構
      • 3.3.2「把」字句
      • 3.3.3資訊焦點 vs. 強調／對比焦點
  • 4.其他動詞中心在尾結構
    • 4.1被動句
    • 4.2「（連）…都」結構
    • 4.3[PP V] 結構
    • 4.4小結
  • 5.結語
  • 謝辭
  • 筆記
  • 參考文獻
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